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Research Article

Intrinsic effects of precursor functional groups on the Na storage performance in carbon anodes

Xiaohan Tang1,2, Fei Xie2( ), Yaxiang Lu2,3,4( ), Zhao Chen2,5, Xiangfei Li5, Hong Li2,3,4,5, Xuejie Huang2,3,4,5, Liquan Chen2,3,4,5, Yuanjiang Pan1( ), Yong-Sheng Hu2,3,4,5( )
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Huairou Division, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co., Ltd., Liyang 213300, China
College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Graphical Abstract

The different types of functional groups in carbon precursors directly affect the cross-linking process during carbonization, which then determine the microstructures and performance in Na-ion batteries.

Abstract

The oxygen-containing functional groups in disordered carbon anodes have been widely reported to influence the Na storage performance. However, the effect of original oxygen-containing groups in the precursors on the final structures and electrochemical performance is rarely studied. Herein, we used the anthraquinone derivatives with different oxygen-containing functional groups as precursors to make the disordered carbon anodes for Na-ion batteries (NIBs). Through comprehensive structural and electrochemical analyses, we found that the different types of functional groups in carbon precursors directly affect the cross-linking process during carbonization. The original precursors containing enough inter-chain oxygen or oxygen-containing functional groups with unsaturated bonds unattached to the ring are beneficial for the oxygen atoms to remain or cross-link in structure to result in more C–O–C group, forming nanovoids and disordered structure, which then determine the high performance of the carbon anodes in NIBs. This work highlights the importance of the type/content of functional groups in precursor and provides guidance for the future design of carbon anodes in NIBs from the perspective of precursor selection.

Keywords

disordered carbonprecursoroxygen-contained functional groupNa-ion batteries

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 11,
November 2023
Pages 12579-12586
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5643-9
Cite this article:
Tang X, Xie F, Lu Y, et al. Intrinsic effects of precursor functional groups on the Na storage performance in carbon anodes. Nano Research, 2023, 16(11): 12579-12586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5643-9
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Received: 01 February 2023
Revised: 01 March 2023
Accepted: 06 March 2023
Published: 25 March 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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