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Nano Research 2023, 16(7): 10626-10633 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5589-y
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 19 April 2023

The influence of the capping ligands on the optoelectronic performance, morphology, and ion liberation of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots

Show Author's Information Yongfeng Liu1,2,4( ),  Shi Tang2,3,  Zhaoju Gao1,  Xiuwen Shao1,  Xiaolin Zhu1,  Joan Ràfols Ribé2,  Thomas Wågberg2,  Ludvig Edman2,3( ),  Jia Wang2( )
College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
LunaLEC AB, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
Microelectronics Industry Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
Keywords:
CsPbBr3 quantum dots, light-emitting electrochemical cell, capping ligand, ion liberation
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SynthesisMorphology
Cite this article:
Liu Y, Tang S, Gao Z, et al. The influence of the capping ligands on the optoelectronic performance, morphology, and ion liberation of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots. Nano Research, 2023, 16(7): 10626-10633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5589-y
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) endowed with capping ligands exhibit impressive optoelectronic properties and enable for cost-efficient solution processing and exciting application opportunities. We synthesize and characterize three different PeQDs with the same cubic CsPbBr3 core, but which are distinguished by the ligand composition and density. PeQD-1 features a binary didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) and octanoic acid capping ligand system, with a high surface density of 1.53 nm−2, whereas PeQD-2 and PeQD-3 are coated by solely DDAB at a gradually lower surface density. We show that PeQD-1 endowed with highest ligand density features the highest dispersibility in toluene of 150 g/L, the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 95% in dilute solution and 59% in a neat film, and the largest core-to-core spacing in neat thin films. We further establish that ions are released from the core of PeQD-1 when it is exposed to an electric field, although it comprises a dense coating of one capping ligand per four surface core atoms. We finally exploit these combined findings to the development of a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), where the active layer is composed solely of solution-processed pure PeQDs, without additional electrolytes. In this device, the ion release is utilized as an advantage for the electrochemical doping process and efficient emissive operation of the LEC.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

The influence of the capping ligands on the optoelectronic performance, morphology, and ion liberation of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots

Show Author's information Yongfeng Liu1,2,4( ), Shi Tang2,3, Zhaoju Gao1, Xiuwen Shao1, Xiaolin Zhu1, Joan Ràfols Ribé2, Thomas Wågberg2, Ludvig Edman2,3( ), Jia Wang2( )
College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
LunaLEC AB, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
Microelectronics Industry Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China

Abstract

Perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) endowed with capping ligands exhibit impressive optoelectronic properties and enable for cost-efficient solution processing and exciting application opportunities. We synthesize and characterize three different PeQDs with the same cubic CsPbBr3 core, but which are distinguished by the ligand composition and density. PeQD-1 features a binary didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) and octanoic acid capping ligand system, with a high surface density of 1.53 nm−2, whereas PeQD-2 and PeQD-3 are coated by solely DDAB at a gradually lower surface density. We show that PeQD-1 endowed with highest ligand density features the highest dispersibility in toluene of 150 g/L, the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 95% in dilute solution and 59% in a neat film, and the largest core-to-core spacing in neat thin films. We further establish that ions are released from the core of PeQD-1 when it is exposed to an electric field, although it comprises a dense coating of one capping ligand per four surface core atoms. We finally exploit these combined findings to the development of a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), where the active layer is composed solely of solution-processed pure PeQDs, without additional electrolytes. In this device, the ion release is utilized as an advantage for the electrochemical doping process and efficient emissive operation of the LEC.

Keywords: CsPbBr3 quantum dots, light-emitting electrochemical cell, capping ligand, ion liberation

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Received: 29 December 2022
Revised: 07 February 2023
Accepted: 18 February 2023
Published: 19 April 2023
Issue date: July 2023

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© The author(s) 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge generous support from J. C. Kempes Minnes Stipendiefond (No. SMK-1849.1, 21-0015), the Swedish Energy Agency (Nos. 45419-1, 46523-1, and 50779-1), the Swedish Research Council (Nos. 2018-03937, 2019-02345, and 2020-04437), the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Stiftelsen Olle Engkvist Byggmästare (Nos. 186-0637 and 193-0578), Bertil & Britt Svenssons stiftelse för belysningsteknik, the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research, Higher Education via an Initiation Grant for Internationalization (No. 2019-8553), Innovation Technology Platform Project Jointly Built by Yangzhou City and Yangzhou University, China (No. YZ2020268), and Jiangsu Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (No. 202211117040Z). We gratefully acknowledge Cheng Choo L. for SEM, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and TEM characterization and helpful discussion, Andras G. for FTIR measurement, Andrey S. for the XPS measurement, and Roushdey S. for assistance with the XRD measurement.

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