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Review Article

CRISPR/Cas systems for the detection of nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets

Weiran Su1,2,3,§, Junru Li1,2,3,§, Chen Ji1,2,3, Congshuo Chen1,2,3, Yuzheng Wang1,2,3, Huili Dai1,2,3( ), Fengqin Li1,2,3( ), Peifeng Liu1,2,3( )
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China

§ Weiran Su and Junru Li contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems are becoming powerful tools for disease biomarkers detection. Due to the specific recognition, cis-cleavage and nonspecific trans-cleavage capabilities, CRISPR/Cas systems have implemented the detection of nucleic acid targets (DNA and RNA) as well as non-nucleic acid targets (e.g., proteins, exosomes, cells, and small molecules). In this review, we first summarize the principles and characteristics of various CRISPR/Cas systems, including CRISPR/Cas9, Cas12, Cas13 and Cas14 systems. Then, various types of applications of CRISPR/Cas systems used in detecting nucleic and non-nucleic acid targets are introduced emphatically. Finally, the prospects and challenges of their applications in biosensing are discussed.

Graphical Abstract

CRISPR/Cas systems powered the detection of nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets.

Keywords

clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas)detectionnucleic acid targetsnon-nucleic acid targets

References

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 7,
July 2023
Pages 9940-9953
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5567-4

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Cite this article:
Su W, Li J, Ji C, et al. CRISPR/Cas systems for the detection of nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets. Nano Research, 2023, 16(7): 9940-9953. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5567-4
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Nano detection

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Received: 19 December 2022
Revised: 08 February 2023
Accepted: 09 February 2023
Published: 20 March 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023