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Review Article

Nanomaterials disrupting cell-cell junctions towards various diseases

Shanbin Xu1,§Xinlong Pang1,§Xinyu Zhang1Qian Lv1Meng Zhang1Jinping Wang2Nengyi Ni3Xiao Sun1( )
School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore

§ Shanbin Xu and Xinlong Pang contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

As the continuous development of the industrial revolution, nanomaterials with excellent characteristics have been widely applied in various fields, greatly increasing the probability of human exposure to nanomaterials and the concerns about the potential nanotoxicity. Existing studies have shown that the toxicity of nanomaterials may be closely related to oxidative stress, inflammatory response, phagocytosis dysfunction, DNA damage, etc. Based on our focus, nanomaterials may cross the human barrier through various channels and disrupt various cell-cell junctions, while the integrity of cellular barrier is a necessary for the normal physiological function of various organs. However, until now, there is still a lack of systematic discussion in this field. This review illustrates the importance of cell-cell junctions in maintaining various organ functions and highlights the mechanism of various nanomaterials disrupt cell-cell junctions, as well as the possible damage to various organs, such as brain, eye, lung, breast, intestine, placenta, testis, heart, liver, kidney, skin, etc. Awareness of the potential negative effects of nanomaterials will help scientists deeply understand the limitations of nanotechnology, inspiring them to develop safer and more efficient nanomaterials for future personalized nanomedicine.

Graphical Abstract

Herein, an overview of engineered nanomaterials disrupting cell-cell junctions and causing various organ damages is firstly illustrated. Awareness of the potential negative effects of nanomaterials will inspire scientists to develop safe and efficient nanomaterials for future personalized nanomedicine.

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Nano Research
Pages 7053-7074

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Cite this article:
Xu S, Pang X, Zhang X, et al. Nanomaterials disrupting cell-cell junctions towards various diseases. Nano Research, 2023, 16(5): 7053-7074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5455-y
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Received: 18 November 2022
Revised: 18 December 2022
Accepted: 23 December 2022
Published: 16 March 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023