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Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered as ubiquitous and highly active chemicals that influence tendon integrity and orchestrate tendon repair. With significant recent advances in nanomaterials, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) exhibit superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities. Herein, we introduced a therapeutic approach of CeO2 NPs for Achilles tendinopathy (AT) healing. Methods: CeO2 NPs were synthesized to examine their effect as ROS scavengers on AT healing in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were evaluated in AT after CeO2 NPs treatment in vitro. The mechanisms underlying CeO2 NPs-mediated stimulation of NRF2 translocation and ERK signaling were verified through immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. The efficacy of CeO2 NPs was tested in an AT rat model in comparison with the control. Results: CeO2 NPs not only significantly scavenged multiple ROS and suppressed ROS-induced inflammatory reactions but also protected cell proliferation under oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Moreover, CeO2 NPs could promote NRF2 nuclear translocation for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation through the ERK signaling pathway. In a rat model of collagenase-induced tendon injuries, CeO2 NPs showed significant therapeutic efficacy by ameliorating tendon damage. Conclusion: The present study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of CeO2 NPs to ameliorate ROS in tenocytes via the ERK/NRF2 signaling pathway, which underscores the potential of CeO2 NPs for application in the treatment of enthesopathy healing.


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Cerium oxide nanozymes alleviate oxidative stress in tenocytes for Achilles tendinopathy healing

Show Author's information Xingquan Xu1,§Rongliang Wang1,§Yixuan Li1,§Rui Wu1Wenjin Yan1Sheng Zhao2Quanyi Liu3,4Yan Du3,4Wenli Gong1Weitong Li1Hui Wei2,5( )Dongquan Shi1( )
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

§ Xingquan Xu, Rongliang Wang, and Yixuan Li contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered as ubiquitous and highly active chemicals that influence tendon integrity and orchestrate tendon repair. With significant recent advances in nanomaterials, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) exhibit superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities. Herein, we introduced a therapeutic approach of CeO2 NPs for Achilles tendinopathy (AT) healing. Methods: CeO2 NPs were synthesized to examine their effect as ROS scavengers on AT healing in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were evaluated in AT after CeO2 NPs treatment in vitro. The mechanisms underlying CeO2 NPs-mediated stimulation of NRF2 translocation and ERK signaling were verified through immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. The efficacy of CeO2 NPs was tested in an AT rat model in comparison with the control. Results: CeO2 NPs not only significantly scavenged multiple ROS and suppressed ROS-induced inflammatory reactions but also protected cell proliferation under oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Moreover, CeO2 NPs could promote NRF2 nuclear translocation for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation through the ERK signaling pathway. In a rat model of collagenase-induced tendon injuries, CeO2 NPs showed significant therapeutic efficacy by ameliorating tendon damage. Conclusion: The present study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of CeO2 NPs to ameliorate ROS in tenocytes via the ERK/NRF2 signaling pathway, which underscores the potential of CeO2 NPs for application in the treatment of enthesopathy healing.

Keywords: enthesiopathy, NRF2 translocation, ERK signaling, CeO2 nanozymes

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 19 August 2022
Revised: 16 December 2022
Accepted: 17 December 2022
Published: 28 February 2023
Issue date: May 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81941009, 81991514, 32271409, and 82202778), Nanjing Distinguished Youth Fund (No. JQX20001), Jiangsu Provincial Key R&D Program (No. BE2022836), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2020M671456), National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2021YFA1201404), Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Center Foundation, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Outstanding Talent Foundation, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent Foundation and Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Talent Foundation, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 14380493 and 14380494).

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