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Nano Research 2023, 16(4): 5733-5742 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5245-y
Research Article | Issue | Published: 15 December 2022

Synchronous regulation of morphology and electronic structure of FeNi-P nanosheet arrays by Zn implantation for robust overall water splitting

Show Author's Information Li Sun1,2,3,  Ying Dang3,  Aiping Wu1,  Chungui Tian1( ),  Dongxu Wang1,  Haijing Yan1,  Yachen Gao2( ),  Honggang Fu1( )
Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Key Laboratory of Electronics Engineering, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
Keywords:
overall water splitting, bifunctional catalyst, Zn-implanted FeNi-P nanosheet arrays, regulating morphology and electron density
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Sun L, Dang Y, Wu A, et al. Synchronous regulation of morphology and electronic structure of FeNi-P nanosheet arrays by Zn implantation for robust overall water splitting. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 5733-5742. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5245-y
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

FeNi-based phosphides are one of the most hopeful electrocatalysts, whereas the significant challenge is to achieve prominent bifunctional catalytic activity with low voltage for water splitting. The morphology and electronic structure of FeNi-based phosphides can intensively dominate effective catalysis, therefore their simultaneous regulating is extremely meaningful. Herein, a robust bifunctional catalyst of Zn-implanted FeNi-P nanosheet arrays (Zn-FeNi-P) vertically well-aligned on Ni foam is successfully fabricated by Zn implanting strategy. The Zn fulfills the role of electronic donor due to its low electronegativity to enhance the electronic density of FeNi-P for optimized water dissociation kinetics. Meanwhile, the implantation of Zn into FeNi-P can effectively regulate morphology of the catalyst from thick and irregular nanosheets to ultrathin lamellar structure, which generates enriched catalytic active sites, leading to accelerating electron/mass transport ability. Accordingly, the designed Zn-FeNi-P catalyst manifests remarkable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity with low overpotentials of 55 and 225 mV at 10 and 200 mA·cm−2, which is superior to the FeNi-P (82 mV@10 mA·cm−2 and 301 mV@200 mA·cm−2), and even out-performing the Pt/C catalyst at a high current density > 200 mA·cm−2. Moreover, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of Zn-FeNi-P also has dramatically improved (207 mV@10 mA·cm−2) comparable to FeNi-P (221 mV@10 mA·cm−2) and RuO2 (239 mV@10 mA·cm−2). Noticeably, an electrolyzer based on Zn-FeNi-P electrodes requires a low cell voltage of 1.47 V to achieve 10 mA·cm−2, far beyond the catalytic activities of FeNi-P||FeNi-P (1.51 V@10 mA·cm−2) and the benchmark RuO2||Pt/C couples (1.56 V@10 mA·cm−2). This Zn-implanting strategy paves a new perspective for the development of admirable bifunctional catalysts.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Synchronous regulation of morphology and electronic structure of FeNi-P nanosheet arrays by Zn implantation for robust overall water splitting

Show Author's information Li Sun1,2,3, Ying Dang3, Aiping Wu1, Chungui Tian1( ), Dongxu Wang1, Haijing Yan1, Yachen Gao2( ), Honggang Fu1( )
Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Key Laboratory of Electronics Engineering, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China

Abstract

FeNi-based phosphides are one of the most hopeful electrocatalysts, whereas the significant challenge is to achieve prominent bifunctional catalytic activity with low voltage for water splitting. The morphology and electronic structure of FeNi-based phosphides can intensively dominate effective catalysis, therefore their simultaneous regulating is extremely meaningful. Herein, a robust bifunctional catalyst of Zn-implanted FeNi-P nanosheet arrays (Zn-FeNi-P) vertically well-aligned on Ni foam is successfully fabricated by Zn implanting strategy. The Zn fulfills the role of electronic donor due to its low electronegativity to enhance the electronic density of FeNi-P for optimized water dissociation kinetics. Meanwhile, the implantation of Zn into FeNi-P can effectively regulate morphology of the catalyst from thick and irregular nanosheets to ultrathin lamellar structure, which generates enriched catalytic active sites, leading to accelerating electron/mass transport ability. Accordingly, the designed Zn-FeNi-P catalyst manifests remarkable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity with low overpotentials of 55 and 225 mV at 10 and 200 mA·cm−2, which is superior to the FeNi-P (82 mV@10 mA·cm−2 and 301 mV@200 mA·cm−2), and even out-performing the Pt/C catalyst at a high current density > 200 mA·cm−2. Moreover, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of Zn-FeNi-P also has dramatically improved (207 mV@10 mA·cm−2) comparable to FeNi-P (221 mV@10 mA·cm−2) and RuO2 (239 mV@10 mA·cm−2). Noticeably, an electrolyzer based on Zn-FeNi-P electrodes requires a low cell voltage of 1.47 V to achieve 10 mA·cm−2, far beyond the catalytic activities of FeNi-P||FeNi-P (1.51 V@10 mA·cm−2) and the benchmark RuO2||Pt/C couples (1.56 V@10 mA·cm−2). This Zn-implanting strategy paves a new perspective for the development of admirable bifunctional catalysts.

Keywords: overall water splitting, bifunctional catalyst, Zn-implanted FeNi-P nanosheet arrays, regulating morphology and electron density

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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 13 September 2022
Revised: 21 October 2022
Accepted: 25 October 2022
Published: 15 December 2022
Issue date: April 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the support of this research by the National Key Research and Development (R&D) Program of China (No. 2018YFE0201704), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91961111 and 21901064), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (No. ZD2021B003), Postdo ctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (No. LBH-Z18231), the Fundamental Research Project for Universities in Heilongjiang Province (No. YSTSXK 135409211), and University Nursing Program for YoungScholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province (No. UNPYSCT20200 04).

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