Journal Home > Volume 16 , Issue 4
Nano Research 2023, 16(4): 5517-5524 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5172-y
Research Article | Issue | Published: 12 November 2022

ZnSeTe blue top-emitting QLEDs with color saturation near Rec.2020 standards and efficiency over 18.16%

Show Author's Information Cuixia Yuan,  Fengshou Tian,  Shuming Chen( )
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Keywords:
quantum-dot light-emitting diodes, Cd-free, top-emitting, statured blue emission
Topics:
Light emitting diodes
An erratum to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5763-2
Cite this article:
Yuan C, Tian F, Chen S. ZnSeTe blue top-emitting QLEDs with color saturation near Rec.2020 standards and efficiency over 18.16%. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 5517-5524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5172-y
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

10573

Views

102

Downloads

Citations

8

Crossref

13

WoS

8

Scopus

0

CSCD

Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

ZnSeTe blue Cd-free quantum dot (QD) has emerged as a promising emitter for display applications due to its nontoxicity, tunable wavelength, and high efficiency. However, ZnSeTe-based quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) usually exhibit unsaturated emissions with broad spectra. Herein, a top-emitting structure, equipped with a transparent indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) top electrode and an IZO phase tuning layer (PTL), is developed to modulate the emission spectra and the efficiency of the devices. Saturated blue emissions with color coordinates beyond Recommendation ITU-R BT.709 (Rec.709) and near Rec.2020 standards are achieved. Moreover, benefiting from the improved outcoupling efficiency and the enhanced charge balance, the top-emitting QLED demonstrates a high external quantum efficiency of 15.14%, which is further improved to 18.16% by capping the devices with SiO2 nanospheres. Simulation analysis reveals that the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) losses are effectively reduced by applying a 100 nm PTL, leading to an outcoupling efficiency of 41.2% at a wavelength of 478 nm. Due to the simultaneously enhanced color saturation and efficiency, a high chroma efficiency (current efficiency/y coordinate in Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage chart) of 123 is obtained. The developed top-emitting architecture could enable the realization of efficient and saturated QLEDs for wide color gamut high-definition display applications.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
Electronic supplementary material
About this article

ZnSeTe blue top-emitting QLEDs with color saturation near Rec.2020 standards and efficiency over 18.16%

Show Author's information Cuixia Yuan, Fengshou Tian, Shuming Chen( )
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China

Abstract

ZnSeTe blue Cd-free quantum dot (QD) has emerged as a promising emitter for display applications due to its nontoxicity, tunable wavelength, and high efficiency. However, ZnSeTe-based quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) usually exhibit unsaturated emissions with broad spectra. Herein, a top-emitting structure, equipped with a transparent indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) top electrode and an IZO phase tuning layer (PTL), is developed to modulate the emission spectra and the efficiency of the devices. Saturated blue emissions with color coordinates beyond Recommendation ITU-R BT.709 (Rec.709) and near Rec.2020 standards are achieved. Moreover, benefiting from the improved outcoupling efficiency and the enhanced charge balance, the top-emitting QLED demonstrates a high external quantum efficiency of 15.14%, which is further improved to 18.16% by capping the devices with SiO2 nanospheres. Simulation analysis reveals that the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) losses are effectively reduced by applying a 100 nm PTL, leading to an outcoupling efficiency of 41.2% at a wavelength of 478 nm. Due to the simultaneously enhanced color saturation and efficiency, a high chroma efficiency (current efficiency/y coordinate in Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage chart) of 123 is obtained. The developed top-emitting architecture could enable the realization of efficient and saturated QLEDs for wide color gamut high-definition display applications.

Keywords: quantum-dot light-emitting diodes, Cd-free, top-emitting, statured blue emission

References(42)

[1]

Mashford, B. S.; Stevenson, M.; Popovic, Z.; Hamilton, C.; Zhou, Z. Q.; Breen, C.; Steckel, J.; Bulovic, V.; Bawendi, M.; Coe-Sullivan, S. et al. High-efficiency quantum-dot light-emitting devices with enhanced charge injection. Nat. Photonics 2013, 7, 407–412.
DOI Google Scholar
[2]

Dai, X. L.; Zhang, Z. X.; Jin, Y. Z.; Niu, Y.; Cao, H. J.; Liang, X. Y.; Chen, L. W.; Wang, J. P.; Peng, X. G. Solution-processed, high-performance light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots. Nature 2014, 515, 96–99.
DOI Google Scholar
[3]

Zhang, H.; Su, Q.; Chen, S. M. Quantum-dot and organic hybrid tandem light-emitting diodes with multi-functionality of full-color-tunability and white-light-emission. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 2826.
DOI Google Scholar
[4]

Su, Q.; Chen, S. M. Thermal assisted up-conversion electroluminescence in quantum dot light emitting diodes. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 369.
DOI Google Scholar
[5]

Meng, T. T.; Zheng, Y. T.; Zhao, D. L.; Hu, H. L.; Zhu, Y. B.; Xu, Z. W.; Ju, S. M.; Jing, J. P.; Chen, X.; Gao, H. J. et al. Ultrahigh-resolution quantum-dot light-emitting diodes. Nat. Photonics 2022, 16, 297–303.
DOI Google Scholar
[6]

Deng, Y. Z.; Peng, F.; Lu, Y.; Zhu, X. T.; Jin, W. X.; Qiu, J.; Dong, J. W.; Hao, Y. L.; Di, D. W.; Gao, Y. et al. Solution-processed green and blue quantum-dot light-emitting diodes with eliminated charge leakage. Nat. Photonics 2022, 16, 505–511.
DOI Google Scholar
[7]

Shen, H. B.; Gao, Q.; Zhang, Y. B.; Lin, Y.; Lin, Q. L.; Li, Z. H.; Chen, L.; Zeng, Z. P.; Li, X. G.; Jia, Y. et al. Visible quantum dot light-emitting diodes with simultaneous high brightness and efficiency. Nat. Photonics 2019, 13, 192–197.
DOI Google Scholar
[8]

Sun, Y. Z.; Su, Q.; Zhang, H.; Wang, F.; Zhang, S. D.; Chen, S. M. Investigation on thermally induced efficiency roll-off: Toward efficient and ultrabright quantum-dot light-emitting diodes. ACS Nano 2019, 13, 11433–11442.
DOI Google Scholar
[9]

Chen, D. S.; Chen, D.; Dai, X. L.; Zhang, Z. X.; Lin, J.; Deng, Y. Z.; Hao, Y. L.; Zhang, C.; Zhu, H. M.; Gao, F. et al. Shelf-stable quantum-dot light-emitting diodes with high operational performance. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 2006178.
DOI Google Scholar
[10]

Zhang, H.; Chen, S. M.; Sun, X. W. Efficient red/green/blue tandem quantum-dot light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 21%. ACS Nano 2018, 12, 697–704.
DOI Google Scholar
[11]

Li, Y.; Hou, X. Q.; Dai, X. L.; Yao, Z. L.; Lv, L. L.; Jin, Y. Z.; Peng, X. G. Stoichiometry-controlled InP-based quantum dots: Synthesis, photoluminescence, and electroluminescence. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 6448–6452.
DOI Google Scholar
[12]

Won, Y. H.; Cho, O.; Kim, T.; Chung, D. Y.; Kim, T.; Chung, H.; Jang, H.; Lee, J.; Kim, D.; Jang, E. Highly efficient and stable InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dot light-emitting diodes. Nature 2019, 575, 634–638.
DOI Google Scholar
[13]

Yeom, J. E.; Shin, D. H.; Lampande, R.; Jung, Y. H.; Mude, N. N.; Park, J. H.; Kwon, J. H. Good charge balanced inverted red InP/ZnSe/ZnS-quantum dot light-emitting diode with new high mobility and deep HOMO level hole transport layer. ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5, 3868–3875.
DOI Google Scholar
[14]

Yu, P.; Shan, Y. L.; Cao, S.; Hu, Y. Q.; Li, Q. Y.; Zeng, R. S.; Zou, B. S.; Wang, Y. J.; Zhao, J. L. Inorganic solid phosphorus precursor of sodium phosphaethynolate for synthesis of highly luminescent InP-based quantum dots. ACS Energy Lett. 2021, 6, 2697–2703.
DOI Google Scholar
[15]

Chao, W. C.; Chiang, T. H.; Liu, Y. C.; Huang, Z. X.; Liao, C. C.; Chu, C. H.; Wang, C. H.; Tseng, H. W.; Hung, W. Y.; Chou, P. T. High efficiency green InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes by balancing electron and hole mobility. Commun. Mater. 2021, 2, 96.
DOI Google Scholar
[16]

Liu, P.; Lou, Y. J.; Ding, S. H.; Zhang, W. D.; Wu, Z. H.; Yang, H. C.; Xu, B.; Wang, K.; Sun, X. W. Green InP/ZnSeS/ZnS core multi-shelled quantum dots synthesized with aminophosphine for effective display applications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2008453.
DOI Google Scholar
[17]

Wu, Q. Q.; Cao, F.; Wang, S.; Wang, Y. M.; Sun, Z. J.; Feng, J. W.; Liu, Y.; Wang, L.; Cao, Q.; Li, Y. G. et al. Quasi-shell-growth strategy achieves stable and efficient green InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes. Adv. Sci. 2022, 9, 2200959.
DOI Google Scholar
[18]

Yoon, S. Y.; Lee, Y. J.; Yang, H.; Jo, D. Y.; Kim, H. M.; Kim, Y.; Park, S. M.; Park, S.; Yang, H. Performance enhancement of InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes via a surface-functionalized ZnMgO electron transport layer. ACS Energy Lett. 2022, 7, 2247–2255.
DOI Google Scholar
[19]

Yu, P.; Cao, S.; Shan, Y. L.; Bi, Y. H.; Hu, Y. Q.; Zeng, R. S.; Zou, B. S.; Wang, Y. J.; Zhao, J. L. Highly efficient green InP-based quantum dot light-emitting diodes regulated by inner alloyed shell component. Light Sci. Appl. 2022, 11, 162.
DOI Google Scholar
[20]

Wu, Z. H.; Liu, P.; Zhang, W. D.; Wang, K.; Sun, X. W. Development of InP quantum dot-based light-emitting diodes. ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5, 1095–1106.
DOI Google Scholar
[21]

Sugawara, M.; Choi, S. Y.; Wood, D. Ultra-high-definition television (Rec. ITU-R BT.2020): A generational leap in the evolution of television. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 2014, 31, 170–174.
DOI Google Scholar
[22]

Lee, J. H.; Chen, C. H.; Lee, P. H.; Lin, H. Y.; Leung, M. K.; Chiu, T. L.; Lin, C. F. Blue organic light-emitting diodes: Current status, challenges, and future outlook. J. Mater. Chem. C 2019, 7, 5874–5888.
DOI Google Scholar
[23]

Shen, W.; Tang, H. Y.; Yang, X. L.; Cao, Z. L.; Cheng, T.; Wang, X. Y.; Tan, Z. A.; You, J. B.; Deng, Z. T. Synthesis of highly fluorescent InP/ZnS small-core/thick-shell tetrahedral-shaped quantum dots for blue light-emitting diodes. J. Mater. Chem. C 2017, 5, 8243–8249.
DOI Google Scholar
[24]

Zhang, H.; Ma, X. Y.; Lin, Q. L.; Zeng, Z. P.; Wang, H. Z.; Li, L. S.; Shen, H. B.; Jia, Y.; Du, Z. L. High-brightness blue InP quantum dot-based electroluminescent devices: The role of shell thickness. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 960–967.
DOI Google Scholar
[25]

Zhang, W. D.; Ding, S. H.; Zhuang, W. D.; Wu, D.; Liu, P.; Qu, X. W.; Liu, H. C.; Yang, H. C.; Wu, Z. H.; Wang, K. et al. InP/ZnS/ZnS core/shell blue quantum dots for efficient light-emitting diodes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020, 30, 2005303.
DOI Google Scholar
[26]

Cho, H.; Park, S.; Shin, H.; Kim, M.; Jang, H.; Park, J.; Yang, J. H.; Han, C. W.; Baek, J. H.; Jung, Y. S. et al. Highly efficient deep blue Cd-free quantum dot light-emitting diodes by a p-type doped emissive layer. Small 2020, 16, 2002109.
DOI Google Scholar
[27]

Ryowa, T.; Ishida, T.; Sakakibara, Y.; Kitano, K.; Ueda, M.; Izumi, M.; Ogura, Y.; Tanaka, M.; Nikata, S.; Watanabe, M. et al. High-efficiency quantum dot light-emitting diodes with blue cadmium-free quantum dots. J. Soc. Inf. Display 2020, 28, 401–409.
DOI Google Scholar
[28]

Gao, M.; Yang, H. W.; Shen, H. B.; Zeng, Z. P.; Fan, F. J.; Tang, B. B.; Min, J. J.; Zhang, Y.; Hua, Q. Z.; Li, L. S. et al. Bulk-like ZnSe quantum dots enabling efficient ultranarrow blue light-emitting diodes. Nano Lett. 2021, 21, 7252–7260.
DOI Google Scholar
[29]

Yang, Z. W.; Wu, Q. Q.; Zhou, X. C.; Cao, F.; Yang, X. Y.; Zhang, J. H.; Li, W. W. A seed-mediated and double shell strategy to realize large-size ZnSe/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots for high color purity blue light-emitting diodes. Nanoscale 2021, 13, 4562–4568.
DOI Google Scholar
[30]

Gao, M.; Tu, Y. F.; Tian, D. D.; Yang, H. W.; Fang, X. Y.; Zhang, F. J.; Shen, H. B.; Du, Z. L. Alleviating electron over-injection for efficient cadmium-free quantum dot light-emitting diodes toward deep-blue emission. ACS Photonics 2022, 9, 1400–1408.
DOI Google Scholar
[31]

Jang, E. P.; Han, C. Y.; Lim, S. W.; Jo, J. H.; Jo, D. Y.; Lee, S. H.; Yoon, S. Y.; Yang, H. Synthesis of alloyed ZnSeTe quantum dots as bright, color-pure blue emitters. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 46062–46069.
DOI Google Scholar
[32]

Bao, Z.; Jiang, Z. F.; Su, Q.; Chiu, H. D.; Yang, H.; Chen, S. M.; Chung, R. J.; Liu, R. S. ZnSe:Te/ZnSeS/ZnS nanocrystals: An access to cadmium-free pure-blue quantum-dot light-emitting diodes. Nanoscale 2020, 12, 11556–11561.
DOI Google Scholar
[33]

Han, C. Y.; Lee, S. H.; Song, S. W.; Yoon, S. Y.; Jo, J. H.; Jo, D. Y.; Kim, H. M.; Lee, B. J.; Kim, H. S.; Yang, H. More than 9% efficient ZnSeTe quantum dot-based blue electroluminescent devices. ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5, 1568–1576.
DOI Google Scholar
[34]

Kim, T.; Kim, K. H.; Kim, S.; Choi, S. M.; Jang, H.; Seo, H. K.; Lee, H.; Chung, D. Y.; Jang, E. Efficient and stable blue quantum dot light-emitting diode. Nature 2020, 586, 385–389.
DOI Google Scholar
[35]

Lee, S. H.; Song, S. W.; Yoon, S. Y.; Jo, D. Y.; Kim, S. K.; Kim, H. M.; Kim, Y.; Park, S. M.; Yang, H. Heterostructural tailoring of blue ZnSeTe quantum dots toward high-color purity and high-efficiency electroluminescence. Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 429, 132464.
DOI Google Scholar
[36]

Baltramiejūnas, R.; Ryzhikov, V. D.; Gavryushin, V.; Kazlauskas, A.; Račiukaitis, G.; Silin, V. I.; Juodžbalis, D.; Stepankevičius, V. Luminescent and nonlinear spectroscopy of recombination centers in isovalent doped ZnSe: Te crystals. J. Lumin. 1992, 52, 71–81.
DOI Google Scholar
[37]

Furno, M.; Meerheim, R.; Hofmann, S.; Lüssem, B.; Leo, K. Efficiency and rate of spontaneous emission in organic electroluminescent devices. Phys. Rev. B 2012, 85, 115205.
DOI Google Scholar
[38]

Liu, G. H.; Zhou, X.; Chen, S. M. Very bright and efficient microcavity top-emitting quantum dot light-emitting diodes with Ag electrodes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 16768–16775.
DOI Google Scholar
[39]

Li, D.; Feng, J. W.; Zhu, Y. Q.; Lu, Z. G.; Pei, C.; Chen, Z.; Li, Y. Z.; Li, X. G.; Xu, X. G. Enhanced efficiency of top-emission InP-based green quantum dot light-emitting diodes with optimized angular distribution. Nano Res. 2021, 14, 4243–4249.
DOI Google Scholar
[40]

Zang, C. X.; Liu, S. H.; Xu, M. X.; Wang, R. F.; Cao, C.; Zhu, Z. L.; Zhang, J. M.; Wang, H.; Zhang, L. T.; Xie, W. F. et al. Top-emitting thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting devices with weak light–matter coupling. Light Sci. Appl. 2021, 10, 116.
DOI Google Scholar
[41]

Chen, L. N.; Qin, Z. Y.; Chen, S. M. Ultrahigh resolution pixelated top-emitting quantum-dot light-emitting diodes enabled by color-converting cavities. Small Methods 2022, 6, 2101090.
DOI Google Scholar
[42]

Shi, L. L.; Chen, S. M. Over 32.5% efficient top-emitting quantum-dot LEDs with angular-independent emission. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14, 30039–30045.
DOI Google Scholar
File
12274_2022_5172_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (2.4 MB)
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 29 August 2022
Revised: 05 October 2022
Accepted: 06 October 2022
Published: 12 November 2022
Issue date: April 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62174075), Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (Nos. JCYJ20210324105400002 and JCYJ20220530113809022), and the Guangdong University Research Program (No. 2020ZDZX3062).

Return