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Different forms of construction materials (e.g., paints, foams, and boards) dramatically improve the quality of life. With the increasing environmental requirements for buildings, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive sustainable construction material that is flexible in application and exhibits excellent performance, such as fireproofing and thermal insulation. Herein, an adjustable multiform material strategy by water regulation is proposed to meet the needs of comprehensive applications and reduce environmental costs. Multiform gels are constructed based on multiscale cellulose fibers and hollow glass microspheres, with fireproofing and thermal insulation. Unlike traditional materials, this multiscale cellulose-based gel can change forms from dispersion to paste to dough by adjusting its water content, which can realize various construction forms, including paints, foams, and low-density boards according to different scenarios and corresponding needs.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51732011, U1932213, 22105194, and 92163130), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2021YFA0715700 and 2018YFE0202201), the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province (No. GXXT-2019-028), Science and Technology Major Project of Anhui Province (No. 201903a05020003), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. WK2090050043), and Anhui Provincial Key R&D Programs (No. 202104a05020013). We thank J. L. Peng and L. J. Wang for 3D reconstruction of sample. This work was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication.