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Communication

Biomass-derived hard carbon microtubes with tunable apertures for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

Pin Song1,2,3,§( ), Shiqiang Wei4,§, Jun Di5, Jun Du1, Wenjie Xu4, Daobin Liu4, Changda Wang4, Sicong Qiao4, Yuyang Cao4, Qilong Cui4, Pengjun Zhang4, Liaobo Ma6, Jiewu Cui3, Yan Wang3, Yujie Xiong1,4( )
Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China

§ Pin Song and Shiqiang Wei contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

The smallest wall thickness of hard carbon microtubes (HCTs) reduces the diffusion barrier of Na+ and enhances the reversibility Na+ storage.

Abstract

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered the most up-and-coming complements for large-scale energy storage devices due to the abundance and cheap sodium. However, due to the bigger radius, it is still a great challenge to develop anode materials with suitable space for the intercalation of sodium ions. Herein, we present hard carbon microtubes (HCTs) with tunable apertures derived from low-cost natural kapok fibers via a carbonization process for SIBs. The resulted HCTs feature with smaller surface area and shorter Na+ diffusion path benefitting from their unique micro-nano structure. Most importantly, the wall thickness of HCTs could be regulated and controlled by the carbonization temperature. At a high temperature of 1,600 °C, the carbonized HCTs possess the smallest wall thickness, which reduces the diffusion barrier of Na+ and enhances the reversibility Na+ storage. As a result, the 1600HCTs deliver a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 90%, good cycling stability (89.4% of capacity retention over 100 cycles at 100 mA·g−1), and excellent rate capacity. This work not only charts a new path for preparing hard carbon materials with adequate ion channels and novel tubular micro-nano structures but also unravels the mechanism of hard carbon materials for sodium storage.

Keywords

hard carbonkapok fiberssodium-ion batteries (SIBs)reversible capacitylong cycle life

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 4,
April 2023
Pages 4874-4879
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5154-0
Cite this article:
Song P, Wei S, Di J, et al. Biomass-derived hard carbon microtubes with tunable apertures for high-performance sodium-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 4874-4879. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5154-0
Topics:
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Received: 10 August 2022
Revised: 22 September 2022
Accepted: 06 October 2022
Published: 12 November 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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