Engineering single atomic ruthenium on defective nickel vanadium layered double hydroxide for highly efficient hydrogen evolution

Fabricating single-atom catalysts (SACs) with high catalytic activity as well as great stability is a big challenge. Herein, we propose a precise synthesis strategy to stabilize single atomic ruthenium through regulating vanadium defects of nickel vanadium layered double hydroxides (NiV-LDH) ultrathin nanoribbons support. Correspondingly, the isolated atomically Ru doped NiV-LDH ultrathin nanoribbons (NiVRu-R) were successfully fabricated with a super-high Ru load of 12.8 wt.%. X-ray absorption spectrum (XAS) characterization further confirmed atomic dispersion of Ru. As catalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media, the NiVRu-R demonstrated superior catalytic properties to the commercial Pt/C. Moreover, it maintained exceptional stability even after 5,000 cyclic voltammetry cycles. In-situ XAS and density functional theory (DFT) calculations prove that the Ru atomic sites are stabilized on supports through forming the Ru–O–V structure, which also help promote the catalytic properties through reducing the energy barrier on atomic Ru catalytic sites.