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Nano Research 2023, 16(2): 3156-3167 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4944-8
Research Article | Issue | Published: 20 October 2022

Intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber induce room-temperature reversible and robust polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for multifunctional self-healable biosensors

Show Author's Information Zhouyu Miao1,  Yi Song1,  Yanjuan Dong2,  Dan Ge1,  JiaXin Shui1,  Xia He1,  Hou-Yong Yu1( )
The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Huzhou Research Institute Co., LTD, Huzhou 313000, China
Keywords:
conductive network, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels, conductive cellulose nanofiber, multifunctional biosensor
Topics:
BiosensorsNanofibers
Cite this article:
Miao Z, Song Y, Dong Y, et al. Intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber induce room-temperature reversible and robust polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for multifunctional self-healable biosensors. Nano Research, 2023, 16(2): 3156-3167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4944-8
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels are widely used for flexible sensors by adding various conductive substances due to their excellent mechanical properties and self-healing properties. However, most of the conductive substances added to PVA hydrogel sensors are currently complicated to prepare, costly, and environmentally unfriendly. Herein, to overcome this challenge, we successfully prepared intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber (G-CNF) by simply applying sulfuric acid and a low-energy water bath with heat treatment, and obtained a powerful multifunctional self-healing PGC hydrogel biosensor using dynamic chemical cross-linking of PVA and borax with glycerol and G-CNF. The obtained PGC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties (strain: 950%), good adhesion ability, robust self-healing properties, and room-temperature reversibility, due to the presence of conductive networks and hydrogen bonds within PGC hydrogel. Especially, PGC hydrogels with the graphene structured G-CNF have a fast response to various signals and good stability with gauge factor (GF) values up to 1.83, as well as a sensitive response to temperature (temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) up to 1.9), which can be designed as a variety of biosensors, such as human motion monitoring, information encryption/transmission, and real-time temperature monitoring biosensors. Thus, PGC hydrogels as multifunctional self-healing hydrogel biosensors pave the way for the development of flexible biosensors in wearable devices, human–computer interaction, and artificial-related applications.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber induce room-temperature reversible and robust polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for multifunctional self-healable biosensors

Show Author's information Zhouyu Miao1, Yi Song1, Yanjuan Dong2, Dan Ge1, JiaXin Shui1, Xia He1, Hou-Yong Yu1( )
The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Huzhou Research Institute Co., LTD, Huzhou 313000, China

Abstract

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels are widely used for flexible sensors by adding various conductive substances due to their excellent mechanical properties and self-healing properties. However, most of the conductive substances added to PVA hydrogel sensors are currently complicated to prepare, costly, and environmentally unfriendly. Herein, to overcome this challenge, we successfully prepared intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber (G-CNF) by simply applying sulfuric acid and a low-energy water bath with heat treatment, and obtained a powerful multifunctional self-healing PGC hydrogel biosensor using dynamic chemical cross-linking of PVA and borax with glycerol and G-CNF. The obtained PGC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties (strain: 950%), good adhesion ability, robust self-healing properties, and room-temperature reversibility, due to the presence of conductive networks and hydrogen bonds within PGC hydrogel. Especially, PGC hydrogels with the graphene structured G-CNF have a fast response to various signals and good stability with gauge factor (GF) values up to 1.83, as well as a sensitive response to temperature (temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) up to 1.9), which can be designed as a variety of biosensors, such as human motion monitoring, information encryption/transmission, and real-time temperature monitoring biosensors. Thus, PGC hydrogels as multifunctional self-healing hydrogel biosensors pave the way for the development of flexible biosensors in wearable devices, human–computer interaction, and artificial-related applications.

Keywords: conductive network, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels, conductive cellulose nanofiber, multifunctional biosensor

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 17 June 2022
Revised: 02 August 2022
Accepted: 22 August 2022
Published: 20 October 2022
Issue date: February 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Outstanding Youth Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. LR22E030002), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Key Foundation of China (No. LZ20E030003/LGG22E030005), and the National Natural Science Key Foundation of China (No. 52273095).

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