Reactive oxygen species-scavenging nanoparticles coated with chondroitin sulfate protect cartilage against osteoarthritis in vivo
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Changyou Gao1,3,4(
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease in joints. Current interventions confront systemic toxicity and insufficient bioavailability. The unbalanced microenvironment of OA joints mainly fosters over-expressed reactive oxygen species (ROS), extracellular matrix disintegration, and apoptosis of chondrocytes. In this study, a kind of ROS-scavenging, biodegradable and drug-free nanoparticles (PP NPs) were constructed by the crosslinking of poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) and ROS-scavenging poly(thioketal) (PTK). The high content of PTK and high crosslinking density of PPF and PTK innovatively endowed the NPs with slow degradation and prolonged ROS-elimination ability. The NPs were further surface-modified with chondroitin sulfate (CS), one of the dietary supplements for osteoarthritis. The intrinsic properties of resultant PP-CS NPs were excavated in vitro and in vivo. The PP-CS NPs could desirably consume 1,10-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals without toxicity to RAW264.7 cells in vitro. With an average diameter of ~ 300 nm, the PP-CS NPs could be intra-articular administrated in OA rats and showed prolonged joint retention time, allowing only one injection per month. Moreover, the PP-CS NPs possessed a prolonged ROS depletion and M2 macrophage induction effect, down-regulated inflammatory cytokines, and reduced glycosaminoglycans loss. Consequently, the PP-CS NPs protected articular surface erosion, inhibited uneven cartilage matrix, and attenuated OA progression.
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Reactive oxygen species-scavenging nanoparticles coated with chondroitin sulfate protect cartilage against osteoarthritis in vivo
), Changyou Gao1,3,4(
)
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease in joints. Current interventions confront systemic toxicity and insufficient bioavailability. The unbalanced microenvironment of OA joints mainly fosters over-expressed reactive oxygen species (ROS), extracellular matrix disintegration, and apoptosis of chondrocytes. In this study, a kind of ROS-scavenging, biodegradable and drug-free nanoparticles (PP NPs) were constructed by the crosslinking of poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) and ROS-scavenging poly(thioketal) (PTK). The high content of PTK and high crosslinking density of PPF and PTK innovatively endowed the NPs with slow degradation and prolonged ROS-elimination ability. The NPs were further surface-modified with chondroitin sulfate (CS), one of the dietary supplements for osteoarthritis. The intrinsic properties of resultant PP-CS NPs were excavated in vitro and in vivo. The PP-CS NPs could desirably consume 1,10-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals without toxicity to RAW264.7 cells in vitro. With an average diameter of ~ 300 nm, the PP-CS NPs could be intra-articular administrated in OA rats and showed prolonged joint retention time, allowing only one injection per month. Moreover, the PP-CS NPs possessed a prolonged ROS depletion and M2 macrophage induction effect, down-regulated inflammatory cytokines, and reduced glycosaminoglycans loss. Consequently, the PP-CS NPs protected articular surface erosion, inhibited uneven cartilage matrix, and attenuated OA progression.
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Acknowledgements
This work is financially supported by the Key research and development program of Zhejiang Province (No. 2021C03113) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LD21E030001).
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