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Nano Research 2022, 15(10): 9531-9543 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4883-6
Research Article | Issue | Published: 26 August 2022

Multi-hierarchical flexible composites towards superior fire safety and electromagnetic interference shielding

Show Author's Information Kexin Chen1,  Miao Liu1,  Yongqian Shi1( ),  Hengrui Wang1,  Libi Fu2,  Yuezhan Feng3,  Pingan Song4
College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD 4350, Australia
Keywords:
MXene, electromagnetic interference shielding, flame retardancy, multi-hierarchical structure, air-assisted thermocompression
Topics:
Carbon fibers NanocompositesOrganic polymers
Cite this article:
Chen K, Liu M, Shi Y, et al. Multi-hierarchical flexible composites towards superior fire safety and electromagnetic interference shielding. Nano Research, 2022, 15(10): 9531-9543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4883-6
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Vast amounts of electromagnetic waves are generated in modern society, which severely endanger human health and cause instrument disturbance. Furthermore, practical application of electromagnetic shielding polymer-based materials aspires to flame retardancy. Herein, cellulose acetate butyrate modified ammonium polyphosphate (CAPP) and phosphoramide flame retardant decorated short carbon fiber (MSCF) were synthesized separately and then simultaneously blended into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to prepare a series of flame retardant TPU composites. Then, the multi-hierarchical flexible TPU/CAPP/MSCF composites were fabricated via our self-developed air-assisted thermocompression method. The results revealed that the TPU/CAPP/MSCF showed improved thermal stability. Moreover, the TPU/10CA/2.5F incorporated with 10.0 wt.% CAPP and 2.5 wt.% MSCF respectively exhibited 77.8% and 58.6% reduction in peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR), compared to those of pure TPU. In addition, the TPU/10CA/2.5F passed the UL-94 V-0 rating test and achieved a higher limit oxygen index (LOI) (27.3%) than pure TPU (21.7%). In the case of electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), the TPU/10CA/10.0F-SW with 10 wt.% CAPP and 10 wt.% MSCF dispersed in the surface layer and Ti3C2Tx MXene intercalated in the interlayer exhibited EMI SE of 43.8 dB in X band and 32.0 dB in K band. Summarily, synergistic effect between CAPP and MSCF together with scattered and multiply adsorbed effect of MSCF, MXene and CAPP was responsible for fire safety and EMI shielding property improvements. This work provides a fascinating strategy for fabricating multi-hierarchical flexible TPU composites with outstanding flame retardant and EMI shielding performances.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Multi-hierarchical flexible composites towards superior fire safety and electromagnetic interference shielding

Show Author's information Kexin Chen1, Miao Liu1, Yongqian Shi1( ), Hengrui Wang1, Libi Fu2, Yuezhan Feng3, Pingan Song4
College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD 4350, Australia

Abstract

Vast amounts of electromagnetic waves are generated in modern society, which severely endanger human health and cause instrument disturbance. Furthermore, practical application of electromagnetic shielding polymer-based materials aspires to flame retardancy. Herein, cellulose acetate butyrate modified ammonium polyphosphate (CAPP) and phosphoramide flame retardant decorated short carbon fiber (MSCF) were synthesized separately and then simultaneously blended into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to prepare a series of flame retardant TPU composites. Then, the multi-hierarchical flexible TPU/CAPP/MSCF composites were fabricated via our self-developed air-assisted thermocompression method. The results revealed that the TPU/CAPP/MSCF showed improved thermal stability. Moreover, the TPU/10CA/2.5F incorporated with 10.0 wt.% CAPP and 2.5 wt.% MSCF respectively exhibited 77.8% and 58.6% reduction in peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR), compared to those of pure TPU. In addition, the TPU/10CA/2.5F passed the UL-94 V-0 rating test and achieved a higher limit oxygen index (LOI) (27.3%) than pure TPU (21.7%). In the case of electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), the TPU/10CA/10.0F-SW with 10 wt.% CAPP and 10 wt.% MSCF dispersed in the surface layer and Ti3C2Tx MXene intercalated in the interlayer exhibited EMI SE of 43.8 dB in X band and 32.0 dB in K band. Summarily, synergistic effect between CAPP and MSCF together with scattered and multiply adsorbed effect of MSCF, MXene and CAPP was responsible for fire safety and EMI shielding property improvements. This work provides a fascinating strategy for fabricating multi-hierarchical flexible TPU composites with outstanding flame retardant and EMI shielding performances.

Keywords: MXene, electromagnetic interference shielding, flame retardancy, multi-hierarchical structure, air-assisted thermocompression

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 09 July 2022
Revised: 05 August 2022
Accepted: 08 August 2022
Published: 26 August 2022
Issue date: October 2022

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52173070 and 51803031). The authors thank Dr. Jianhang Lin, Dr. Qingming Huang and Dr. Na Ai of Fujian College Association Instrumental Analysis Center for assisting analysis of SEM images, XRD patterns and Raman spectra, respectively.

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