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Research Article

Multifunctional tubular carbon nanofibers/polyurethane electromagnetic wave absorber with room-temperature self-healing and recyclable performance

Shuai Kang2Shiya Qiao3Yutong Cao4Zuming Hu1,2( )Na Li2( )Junrong Yu1,2Yan Wang2
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
Sinochem International Corporation, Shanghai 200126, China
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Graphical Abstract

A room-temperature self-healable polyurethane matrix cross-linked by aromatic disulfide bonds and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is synthesized. The microwave absorption, room-temperature self-healing, and recycling properties are successfully integrated into tubular carbon nanofibers/polyurethane composites.

Abstract

Incorporating self-healing and recyclable capabilities into microwave absorbing materials is expected to facilitate the life extension, cost reduction, and performance stability, thereby meeting the practical applications. In this research, a recycling and room-temperature self-healing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorber is designed, in which linear polyurethane cross-linked by aromatic disulfide bonds is used as healable matrix, and tubular carbon nanofibers (TCNFs) are employed to attenuate microwave. The resultant composites with a TCNFs content of 7 wt.% harvest a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −39.0 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 2.9 GHz at a matching thickness of 4.0 mm. Driven by the reversible dynamic bonds including hydrogen bonds and aromatic disulfide bonds, the high healing efficiency of 88.7% at 25 °C and 93.2% at 60 °C is presented. Impressively, even after three repairing cycles at room temperature, a healable efficiency of 86.4% is acquired, and RLmin can still reach −39.1 dB at the same thickness, together with an EAB of 3.0 GHz. Additionally, the results of solvent recycling experiment manifest that the recycled specimen achieves the almost similar mechanical and microwave dissipation properties as original one. These attractive characteristics make the designed self-healing and recyclable composites promising for next-generation EMW consumption devices.

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Nano Research
Pages 33-44
Cite this article:
Kang S, Qiao S, Cao Y, et al. Multifunctional tubular carbon nanofibers/polyurethane electromagnetic wave absorber with room-temperature self-healing and recyclable performance. Nano Research, 2023, 16(1): 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4743-2
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Received: 13 May 2022
Revised: 10 June 2022
Accepted: 03 July 2022
Published: 05 August 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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