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Nano Research 2023, 16(1): 427-438 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4662-2
Issue | Published: 06 August 2022

Catalytic hosts with strong adsorption strength for long shelf-life lithium-sulfur batteries under lean electrolyte

Show Author's Information Siyuan Zhao1,  Huayu Pei1,  Quan Yang1,  Kangli Liu1,2,  Yuanyuan Huang1,2,  Zhuo Wang1,2,  Guosheng Shao1,2( ),  Jinping Liu3( ),  Junling Guo1( )
State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute, Xingyang 450100, China
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Keywords:
lithium-sulfur battery, low electrolyte/sulfur ratio (E/S), self-discharge, catalytic host, adsorption strength
Topics:
Energy
Cite this article:
Zhao S, Pei H, Yang Q, et al. Catalytic hosts with strong adsorption strength for long shelf-life lithium-sulfur batteries under lean electrolyte. Nano Research, 2023, 16(1): 427-438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4662-2
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Low electrolyte/sulfur ratio (E/S) is an important factor in increasing the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Recently, the E/S has been widely lowered using catalytic hosts that can suppress “shuttle effect” during cycling by relying on a limited adsorption area. However, the shelf-lives of these cathodes have not yet received attention. Herein, we show that the self-discharge of sulfur cathodes based on frequently-used catalytic hosts is serious under low E/S because the “shuttle effect” during storage process caused by polysulfides (PSs) disproportionation cannot be suppressed using a limited adsorption area. We further prove that the adsorption strength toward PSs, which is unfortunately weak in commonly-used catalytic hosts, is critical for effectively hindering the disproportionation of the PSs. Subsequently, to verify this conclusion, we prepare a sulfur-doped titanium nitride (S-TiN) catalytic array host. As the adsorption strength and catalytic activity of TiN can be improved by S doping simultaneously, the constructed S/S-TiN cathodes under a low E/S (6.5 μL·mg−1) exhibit better shelf-life and cycle-stability than those of S/TiN cathodes. Our work suggests that enhancing the adsorption strength of catalytic hosts, while maintaining their function to reduce E/S, is crucial for practical LSBs.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Catalytic hosts with strong adsorption strength for long shelf-life lithium-sulfur batteries under lean electrolyte

Show Author's information Siyuan Zhao1, Huayu Pei1, Quan Yang1, Kangli Liu1,2, Yuanyuan Huang1,2, Zhuo Wang1,2, Guosheng Shao1,2( ), Jinping Liu3( ), Junling Guo1( )
State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute, Xingyang 450100, China
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Abstract

Low electrolyte/sulfur ratio (E/S) is an important factor in increasing the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Recently, the E/S has been widely lowered using catalytic hosts that can suppress “shuttle effect” during cycling by relying on a limited adsorption area. However, the shelf-lives of these cathodes have not yet received attention. Herein, we show that the self-discharge of sulfur cathodes based on frequently-used catalytic hosts is serious under low E/S because the “shuttle effect” during storage process caused by polysulfides (PSs) disproportionation cannot be suppressed using a limited adsorption area. We further prove that the adsorption strength toward PSs, which is unfortunately weak in commonly-used catalytic hosts, is critical for effectively hindering the disproportionation of the PSs. Subsequently, to verify this conclusion, we prepare a sulfur-doped titanium nitride (S-TiN) catalytic array host. As the adsorption strength and catalytic activity of TiN can be improved by S doping simultaneously, the constructed S/S-TiN cathodes under a low E/S (6.5 μL·mg−1) exhibit better shelf-life and cycle-stability than those of S/TiN cathodes. Our work suggests that enhancing the adsorption strength of catalytic hosts, while maintaining their function to reduce E/S, is crucial for practical LSBs.

Keywords: lithium-sulfur battery, low electrolyte/sulfur ratio (E/S), self-discharge, catalytic host, adsorption strength

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 21 April 2022
Revised: 25 May 2022
Accepted: 14 June 2022
Published: 06 August 2022
Issue date: January 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52102318 and 52172229), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan (No. 202300410427), fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021TQ0287), and the Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute. The author would like to thank Shiyanjia Lab (www.shiyanjia.com) for the DFT calculation.

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