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Research Article

Electrically controlled mRNA delivery using a polypyrrole-graphene oxide hybrid film to promote osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Huijung Kim1,§, Kübra Solak2,§, Yoojoong Han1, Yeon-Woo Cho1, Kyeong-Mo Koo1, Chang-Dae Kim1, Zhengtang Luo3, Hyungbin Son1, Hyung-Ryong Kim4( ), Ahmet Mavi5,6( ), Tae-Hyung Kim1( )
School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Institute of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Education Faculty of Kazım Karabekir, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey

§ Huijung Kim and Kübra Solak contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Direct messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) delivery to target cells or tissues has revolutionized the field of biotechnology. However, the applicability of regenerative medicine is limited by the technical difficulties of various mRNA-loaded nanocarriers. Herein, we report a new conductive hybrid film that could guide osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) via electrically controlled mRNA delivery. To find optimal electrical conductivity and mRNA-loading capacity, the polypyrrole-graphene oxide (PPy-GO) hybrid film was electropolymerized on indium tin oxide substrates. We found that the fluorescein sodium salt, a molecule partially mimicking the physical and chemical properties of mRNAs, can be effectively absorbed and released by electrical stimulation (ES). The hADMSCs cultivated on the PPy-GO hybrid film loaded with pre-osteogenic mRNAs showed the highest osteogenic differentiation under electrical stimulation. This platform can load various types of RNAs thus highly promising as a new nucleic acid delivery tool for the development of stem cell-based therapeutics.

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Keywords

messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) deliverypolypyrrolegraphene oxideelectrical releasemesenchymal stem cells

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 10,
October 2022
Pages 9253-9263
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4613-y

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Cite this article:
Kim H, Solak K, Han Y, et al. Electrically controlled mRNA delivery using a polypyrrole-graphene oxide hybrid film to promote osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Nano Research, 2022, 15(10): 9253-9263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4613-y
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Received: 21 February 2022
Revised: 31 May 2022
Accepted: 03 June 2022
Published: 23 July 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022