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Review Article

Crystal phase engineering of electrocatalysts for energy conversions

Hui Chen1Mingcheng Zhang1Yanfei Wang2Ke Sun1Lina Wang1Zhoubing Xie1Yucheng Shen1Xindi Han1Lan Yang1( )Xiaoxin Zou1( )
State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Petrochina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
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Graphical Abstract

Theoretical and experimental advances made in phase engineering of electrocatalysts are summarized. Basic understanding on crystal phases and phase-controlled synthesis of electrocatalysts are introduced. Phase-activity relationship in different kinds of electrocatalysts and future directions of phase design are discussed.

Abstract

Crystal phase is an intrinsic structural parameter to determine the physicochemical properties and functionalities of materials. The unconventional phases of materials with distinct atomic arrangements from their thermodynamically stable phases have attracted enormous attention. Phase engineering has recently made fruitful achievements in electrocatalysis field to optimize the performance of various electrochemical reactions. In this review, theoretical and experimental advances made in phase engineering of electrocatalysts are summarized. First, we introduce basic understanding on crystal phases of catalysts to show the dialectical relationship between bulk phase and surface catalytic layer, and highlight the multiple functions of phase engineering in catalysis studies. We then describe phase-controlled synthesis of materials through various experimental methods such as wet-chemical method, phase transition, and template growth. As a focus, we discuss the wide usage of phase engineering strategy in different kinds of electrocatalytic materials, and particular emphasis is given to establishment of reasonable crystal phase-activity relationship. Finally, we propose several future directions for developing more desirable electrocatalysts by rational crystal phase design.

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Nano Research
Pages 10194-10217
Cite this article:
Chen H, Zhang M, Wang Y, et al. Crystal phase engineering of electrocatalysts for energy conversions. Nano Research, 2022, 15(12): 10194-10217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4605-y
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Received: 14 May 2022
Revised: 29 May 2022
Accepted: 30 May 2022
Published: 11 July 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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