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Nano Research 2022, 15(11): 9747-9763 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4270-1
Review Article | Issue | Published: 29 April 2022

Recent advances in the rational design of single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction

Show Author's Information Huoliang Gu,  Jing Wu,  Liming Zhang( )
Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
Keywords:
electrochemical CO2 reduction, single-atom catalysts, structure–function correlation, rational design
Topics:
Electrocatalysis
Cite this article:
Gu H, Wu J, Zhang L. Recent advances in the rational design of single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction. Nano Research, 2022, 15(11): 9747-9763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4270-1
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Abstract Full text About this article

Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) represents a sustainable way to store intermittent renewable energies and produce carbon-neutral fuels, yet the energy efficiency remains a huge bottleneck owning to its sluggish kinetics and complex reaction pathways. Highly active, selective, and robust electrocatalysts are strongly demanded to accelerate CO2 conversion and deploy this technology to practical applications. In this review, we focus on single-atom catalysts (SACs), a unique category of electrocatalysts with atomically dispersed metal active sites, which have shown distinctive performances in CO2R and offer an ideal platform for in-depth mechanistic studies at the atomic level. Despite various SACs with attractive CO2R performances have been reported, the relationship between electronic/geometric structure of SACs and the corresponding electrocatalytic performance still needs to be discussed with caution. Here we take a broad overview on the recent progress in understanding the structure–function correlation of SACs in CO2R, with the purpose of providing deep insights and guiding the future rational design of SACs. First, we provide the fundamental understandings of CO2R on SACs, following different reaction pathways. Then, we describe the progresses in the development of well-defined SACs and the mechanistic studies on the influences from particular structural parameters, such as first-shell and second-sphere coordination, conductive supports and interface with a secondary catalyst. Finally, some perspectives are highlighted on the path towards efficient CO2R on SACs.


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About this article

Recent advances in the rational design of single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction

Show Author's information Huoliang Gu, Jing Wu, Liming Zhang( )
Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China

Abstract

Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) represents a sustainable way to store intermittent renewable energies and produce carbon-neutral fuels, yet the energy efficiency remains a huge bottleneck owning to its sluggish kinetics and complex reaction pathways. Highly active, selective, and robust electrocatalysts are strongly demanded to accelerate CO2 conversion and deploy this technology to practical applications. In this review, we focus on single-atom catalysts (SACs), a unique category of electrocatalysts with atomically dispersed metal active sites, which have shown distinctive performances in CO2R and offer an ideal platform for in-depth mechanistic studies at the atomic level. Despite various SACs with attractive CO2R performances have been reported, the relationship between electronic/geometric structure of SACs and the corresponding electrocatalytic performance still needs to be discussed with caution. Here we take a broad overview on the recent progress in understanding the structure–function correlation of SACs in CO2R, with the purpose of providing deep insights and guiding the future rational design of SACs. First, we provide the fundamental understandings of CO2R on SACs, following different reaction pathways. Then, we describe the progresses in the development of well-defined SACs and the mechanistic studies on the influences from particular structural parameters, such as first-shell and second-sphere coordination, conductive supports and interface with a secondary catalyst. Finally, some perspectives are highlighted on the path towards efficient CO2R on SACs.

Keywords: electrochemical CO2 reduction, single-atom catalysts, structure–function correlation, rational design

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 19 January 2022
Revised: 21 February 2022
Accepted: 22 February 2022
Published: 29 April 2022
Issue date: November 2022

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgment

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21872039 and 22072030) and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Nos. 18JC1411700 and 19DZ2270100).

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