In situ growth CNT@MOFs core–shell structures enabling high specific supercapacitances in neutral aqueous electrolyte
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Conductive metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) are promising active electrode materials for electrochemical double-layer capacitors with a performance that already exceeds most carbon-based materials. However, their excellent supercapacitance is primarily based on organic or alkaline electrolytes, which largely impede their broad applications and sustainabilities. In this work, we propose a new synthesis approach for fabricating carbon nanotubes and c-MOFs (CNT@MOFs) core–shell structures, which result in high supercapacitance in neutral aqueous electrolytes. We identify that CNTs provide abundant active sites to ensure high capacitance, and Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (HITP))2 nanoarrays that in situ grow on the surface of CNTs bundles can significantly improve the conductivity and provide enough ion transport pathways in aqueous electrolytes. Specifically, using CNT@MOFs core–shell structures as an electrode, we obtained a high initial capacitance of 150.7 F·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1 in 1 M Na2SO4 solution and good capacity retention of 83.5% after 10,000 cycles at 4 A·g−1. We also found that the carboxyl groups on the surface of CNTs provide better anchor sites for the in situ growth of c-MOF, which promotes the uniform growth of c-MOF shells on the CNT surface and improves aqueous electrolyte accessibility. We believe that the high supercapacitance in aqueous electrolytes reported in this work would provide a good prospect for deploying c-MOF based energy storage devices into biomedical and other healthcare electronic applications.
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In situ growth CNT@MOFs core–shell structures enabling high specific supercapacitances in neutral aqueous electrolyte
Abstract
Conductive metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) are promising active electrode materials for electrochemical double-layer capacitors with a performance that already exceeds most carbon-based materials. However, their excellent supercapacitance is primarily based on organic or alkaline electrolytes, which largely impede their broad applications and sustainabilities. In this work, we propose a new synthesis approach for fabricating carbon nanotubes and c-MOFs (CNT@MOFs) core–shell structures, which result in high supercapacitance in neutral aqueous electrolytes. We identify that CNTs provide abundant active sites to ensure high capacitance, and Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (HITP))2 nanoarrays that in situ grow on the surface of CNTs bundles can significantly improve the conductivity and provide enough ion transport pathways in aqueous electrolytes. Specifically, using CNT@MOFs core–shell structures as an electrode, we obtained a high initial capacitance of 150.7 F·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1 in 1 M Na2SO4 solution and good capacity retention of 83.5% after 10,000 cycles at 4 A·g−1. We also found that the carboxyl groups on the surface of CNTs provide better anchor sites for the in situ growth of c-MOF, which promotes the uniform growth of c-MOF shells on the CNT surface and improves aqueous electrolyte accessibility. We believe that the high supercapacitance in aqueous electrolytes reported in this work would provide a good prospect for deploying c-MOF based energy storage devices into biomedical and other healthcare electronic applications.
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Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Henan Province (No. 192102210044), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1904171), the Young Backbone Teachers Training Program Foundation of Henan University of Technology, and the Innovative Funds Plan of Henan University of Technology (No. 2020ZKCJ04).
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