Journal Home > Volume 15 , Issue 4
Nano Research 2022, 15(4): 3230-3238 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3952-4
Research Article | Issue | Published: 12 December 2021

Highly stable Pt3Ni ultralong nanowires tailored with trace Mo for the ethanol oxidation

Show Author's Information Mingxuan Li1,  Yandi Cai2,  Jinjin Zhang3,  Haixiao Sun1,  Zhi Li1,  Yujie Liu1,  Xin Zhang1( ),  Xiaoping Dai1,  Fei Gao2,  Weiyu Song1( )
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Sinopec Zhenhai Refining&Chemical Company, Ningbo 315207, China
Keywords:
electronic effect, ternary Pt-based alloy, one-dimensional nanowires, Mo decoration, direct ethanol fuel cells
Topics:
Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFC)
Cite this article:
Li M, Cai Y, Zhang J, et al. Highly stable Pt3Ni ultralong nanowires tailored with trace Mo for the ethanol oxidation. Nano Research, 2022, 15(4): 3230-3238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3952-4
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

605

Views

32

Downloads

Citations

11

Crossref

7

WoS

10

Scopus

1

CSCD

Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Pt3Ni alloy structure is an effective strategy to accelerate ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), while the stability in acid electrolyte is the fatal weakness and the current density still needs to be enhanced. Herein, ultralong Pt3Ni nanowires tailored by trace Mo (Mo/Pt3Ni NWs) were successfully synthesized by surfactant free method. The specific activity of the optimized catalyst was 2.66 mA·cm–2, which is approximately 2.16 and 4.6-fold that of Pt3Ni NWs and commercial Pt/C catalyst, respectively. Most importantly, the Mo/Pt3Ni NWs catalyst showed negligible structure degradation after 3,000 cycles (42 h) of durability test in 0.1 M HClO4 and 0.5 M ethanol, as compared to severe structural collapse and Ni dissolution for the pure Pt3Ni NWs. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation also confirmed that both the surface and subsurface Mo atom could form Pt-Mo and Ni-Mo bonds with Pt and Ni, which were stronger than Pt-Ni bonds, to pin the Ni atoms in the unstable position and suppress the dissolution of surface Ni. The findings of this study indicate a promising pathway for the design and engineering of durable alloy nanocatalysts for direct ethanol fuel cell applications.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Highly stable Pt3Ni ultralong nanowires tailored with trace Mo for the ethanol oxidation

Show Author's information Mingxuan Li1, Yandi Cai2, Jinjin Zhang3, Haixiao Sun1, Zhi Li1, Yujie Liu1, Xin Zhang1( ), Xiaoping Dai1, Fei Gao2, Weiyu Song1( )
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Sinopec Zhenhai Refining&Chemical Company, Ningbo 315207, China

Abstract

Pt3Ni alloy structure is an effective strategy to accelerate ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), while the stability in acid electrolyte is the fatal weakness and the current density still needs to be enhanced. Herein, ultralong Pt3Ni nanowires tailored by trace Mo (Mo/Pt3Ni NWs) were successfully synthesized by surfactant free method. The specific activity of the optimized catalyst was 2.66 mA·cm–2, which is approximately 2.16 and 4.6-fold that of Pt3Ni NWs and commercial Pt/C catalyst, respectively. Most importantly, the Mo/Pt3Ni NWs catalyst showed negligible structure degradation after 3,000 cycles (42 h) of durability test in 0.1 M HClO4 and 0.5 M ethanol, as compared to severe structural collapse and Ni dissolution for the pure Pt3Ni NWs. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation also confirmed that both the surface and subsurface Mo atom could form Pt-Mo and Ni-Mo bonds with Pt and Ni, which were stronger than Pt-Ni bonds, to pin the Ni atoms in the unstable position and suppress the dissolution of surface Ni. The findings of this study indicate a promising pathway for the design and engineering of durable alloy nanocatalysts for direct ethanol fuel cell applications.

Keywords: electronic effect, ternary Pt-based alloy, one-dimensional nanowires, Mo decoration, direct ethanol fuel cells

References(59)

1

Gong, W. H.; Jiang, Z.; Wu, R. F.; Liu, Y.; Huang, L.; Hu, N.; Tsiakaras, P.; Shen, P. K. Cross-double dumbbell-like Pt-Ni nanostructures with enhanced catalytic performance toward the reactions of oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2019, 246, 277–283.
DOI Google Scholar
2

Kwon, H.; Kabiraz, M. K.; Park, J.; Oh, A.; Baik, H.; Choi, S. I.; Lee, K. Dendrite-embedded platinum-nickel multiframes as highly active and durable electrocatalyst toward the oxygen reduction reaction. Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 2930–2936.
DOI Google Scholar
3

Zhao, W. Y.; Ni, B.; Yuan, Q.; He, P. L.; Gong, Y.; Gu, L.; Wang, X. Highly active and durable Pt72Ru28 porous nanoalloy assembled with sub-4.0 nm particles for methanol oxidation. Adv. Energy Mater. 2017, 7, 1601593.
DOI Google Scholar
4

Wang, W.; Chen, X. J.; Ye, J. Y.; Zhang, Y. H.; Han, Y. C.; Chen, X. W.; Liu, K.; Xie, S. F. In situ surface-doped PtNiCoRh nanocrystals promote electrooxidation of C1 fuels. Sci. China Mater. 2021, 64, 1139–1149.
DOI Google Scholar
5

Wang, Y.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. A fundamental comprehension and recent progress in advanced Pt-based ORR nanocatalysts. SmartMat 2021, 2, 56–75.
DOI Google Scholar
6
Wang, Y.; Zheng, X. B.; Wang, D. S. Design concept for electrocatalysts. Nano Res., in press, DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3794-0.
7

Fan, X. K.; Tang, M.; Wu, X. T.; Luo, S. P.; Chen, W.; Song, X.; Quan, Z. W. SnO2 patched ultrathin PtRh nanowires as efficient catalysts for ethanol electrooxidation. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 27377–27382.
DOI Google Scholar
8

Zheng, Y.; Wan, X. J.; Cheng, X.; Cheng, K.; Dai, Z. F.; Liu, Z. H. Advanced catalytic materials for ethanol oxidation in direct ethanol fuel cells. Catalysts 2020, 10, 166.
DOI Google Scholar
9

Zhang, J. M.; Qu, X. M.; Han, Y.; Shen, L. F.; Yin, S. H.; Li, G.; Jiang, Y. X.; Sun, S. G. Engineering PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles with adjustable alloying degree for methanol electrooxidation: Enhanced catalytic performance. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2020, 263, 118345.
DOI Google Scholar
10

Chang, F. F.; Shan, S. Y.; Petkov, V.; Skeete, Z.; Lu, A. L.; Ravid, J.; Wu, J. F.; Luo, J.; Yu, G.; Ren, Y. et al. Composition Tunability and (111)-dominant facets of ultrathin platinum-gold alloy nanowires toward enhanced electrocatalysis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 12166–12175.
DOI Google Scholar
11

Huang, J.; Liu, Y.; Xu, M. J.; Wan, C. Z.; Liu, H. T.; Li, M. F.; Huang, Z. H.; Duan, X. F. et al. PtCuNi tetrahedra catalysts with tailored surfaces for efficient alcohol oxidation. Nano Lett. 2019, 19, 5431–5436.
DOI Google Scholar
12

Tian, N.; Xiao, J.; Zhou, Z. Y.; Liu, H. X.; Deng, Y. J.; Huang, L.; Xu, B. B.; Sun, S. G. Pt-group bimetallic nanocrystals with high-index facets as high performance electrocatalysts. Faraday Discuss. 2013, 162, 77–89.
DOI Google Scholar
13

Banham, D.; Ye, S. Y. Current status and future development of catalyst materials and catalyst layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: An industrial perspective. ACS Energy Lett. 2017, 2, 629–638.
DOI Google Scholar
14

Kong, Z. J.; Maswadeh, Y.; Vargas, J. A.; Shan, S. Y.; Wu, Z. P.; Kareem, H.; Leff, A. C.; Tran, D. T.; Chang, F. F.; Yan, S. et al. Origin of high activity and durability of twisty nanowire alloy catalysts under oxygen reduction and fuel cell operating conditions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 1287–1299.
DOI Google Scholar
15

Luo, B.; Zhao, F. L.; Xie, Z. X.; Yuan, Q.; Yang, F.; Yang, X. T.; Li, C. Z.; Zhou, Z. Y. Polyhedron-assembled ternary PtCuCo nanochains: Integrated functions enhance the electrocatalytic performance of methanol oxidation at elevated temperature. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 32282–32290.
DOI Google Scholar
16

Yu, K. M.; Ning, G. Q.; Yang, J. T.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Qin, Y. C.; Luan, C. L.; Yu, L.; Jiang, Y.; Luan, X. B. et al. Restructured PtNi on ultrathin nickel hydroxide for enhanced performance in hydrogen evolution and methanol oxidation. J. Catal. 2019, 375, 267–278.
DOI Google Scholar
17

Xie, Y. F.; Cai, J. Y.; Wu, Y. S.; Zang, Y. P.; Zheng, X. S.; Ye, J.; Cui, P. X.; Niu, S. W.; Liu, Y.; Zhu, J. et al. Boosting water dissociation kinetics on Pt-Ni nanowires by n-induced orbital tuning. Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1807780.
DOI Google Scholar
18

Huang, X. Q.; Zhao, Z. P.; Cao, L.; Chen, Y.; Zhu, E. B.; Lin, Z. Y.; Li, M. F.; Yan, A. M.; Zettl, A.; Wang, Y. M. et al. High-performance transition metal-doped Pt3Ni octahedra for oxygen reduction reaction. Science 2015, 348, 1230–1234.
DOI Google Scholar
19

Zhang, N.; Shao, Q.; Xiao, X. H.; Huang, X. Q. Advanced catalysts derived from composition-segregated platinum-nickel nanostructures: New opportunities and challenges. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1808161.
DOI Google Scholar
20

Jia, Q. Y.; Zhao, Z. P.; Cao, L.; Li, J. K.; Ghoshal, S.; Davies, V.; Stavitski, E.; Attenkofer, K.; Liu, Z. Y.; Li, M. F. et al. Roles of Mo surface dopants in enhancing the ORR performance of octahedral PtNi nanoparticles. Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 798–804.
DOI Google Scholar
21

Wang, Y.; Zhuo, H. Y.; Sun, H.; Zhang, X.; Dai, X. P.; Luan, C. L.; Qin, C. L.; Zhao, H. H.; Li, J.; Wang, M. L. et al. Implanting Mo atoms into surface lattice of Pt3Mn alloys enclosed by high-indexed facets: Promoting highly active sites for ethylene glycol oxidation. ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 442–455.
DOI Google Scholar
22

Wang, Y.; Zheng, M.; Sun, H.; Zhan, X.; Luan, C. L.; Li, Y. R.; Zhao, L.; Zhao, H. H.; Dai, X. P.; Ye, J. Y. et al. Catalytic Ru containing Pt3Mn nanocrystals enclosed with high-indexed facets: Surface alloyed Ru makes Pt more active than Ru particles for ethylene glycol oxidation. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2019, 253, 11–20.
DOI Google Scholar
23

Li, Y. R.; Wang, Y.; Li, S. N.; Li, M. X.; Liu, Y. J.; Fang, X.; Dai, X. P.; Zhang, X. Pt3Mn alloy nanostructure with high-index facets by Sn doping modified for highly catalytic active electro-oxidation reactions. J. Catal. 2021, 395, 282–292.
DOI Google Scholar
24

Qin, Y. C.; Zhang, W. L.; Guo, K.; Liu, X. B.; Liu, J. Q.; Liang, X. Y.; Wang, X. P.; Gao, D. W.; Gan, L. Y.; Zhu, Y. T. et al. Fine-tuning intrinsic strain in penta-twinned Pt-Cu-Mn nanoframes boosts oxygen reduction catalysis. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020, 30, 1910107.
DOI Google Scholar
25

Qin, C. L.; Fan, A. X.; Zhang, X.; Dai, X. P.; Sun, H.; Ren, D. H.; Dong, Z.; Wang, Y.; Luan, C. L.; Ye, J. Y. et al. The in situ etching assisted synthesis of Pt-Fe-Mn ternary alloys with high-index facets as efficient catalysts for electro-oxidation reactions. Nanoscale 2019, 11, 9061–9075.
DOI Google Scholar
26

Kresse, G.; Hafner, J. Ab initio molecular dynamics for open-shell transition metals. Phys. Rev. B 1993, 48, 13115–13118.
DOI Google Scholar
27

Ernzerhof, M.; Scuseria, G. E. Assessment of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof exchange-correlation functional. J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 110, 5029–5036.
DOI Google Scholar
28

Mao, J. J.; Chen, W. X.; He, D. S.; Wan, J. W.; Pei, J. J.; Dong, J. C.; Wang, Y.; An, P. F.; Jin, Z.; Xing, W. et al. Design of ultrathin Pt-Mo-Ni nanowire catalysts for ethanol electrooxidation. Sci. Adv. 2017, 3, e1603068.
DOI Google Scholar
29

Wang, Y.; Zhuo, H. Y.; Zhang, X.; Li, Y. R.; Yang, J. T.; Liu, Y. J.; Dai, X. P.; Li, M. X.; Zhao, H. H.; Cui, M. L. et al. Interfacial synergy of ultralong jagged Pt85Mo15-S nanowires with abundant active sites on enhanced hydrogen evolution in an alkaline solution. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 24328–24336.
DOI Google Scholar
30

Fichtner, J.; Watzele, S.; Garlyyev, B.; Kluge, R. M.; Haimerl, F.; El-Sayed, H. A.; Li, W. J.; Maillard, F. M.; Dubau, L.; Chattot, R. et al. Tailoring the oxygen reduction activity of Pt nanoparticles through surface defects: A simple top-down approach. ACS Catal. 2020, 10, 3131–3142.
DOI Google Scholar
31

Gao, F.; Zhang, Y. P.; Ren, F. F.; Song, T. X.; Du, Y. K. Tiny Ir doping of sub-one-nanometer PtMn nanowires: Highly active and stable catalysts for alcohol electrooxidation. Nanoscale 2020, 12, 12098–12105.
DOI Google Scholar
32

Jiang, K. Z.; Zhao, D. D.; Guo, S. J.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, X.; Guo, J.; Lu, G.; Huang, X. Q. Efficient oxygen reduction catalysis by subnanometer Pt alloy nanowires. Sci. Adv. 2017, 3, e1601705.
DOI Google Scholar
33

Huang, L. P.; Zhang, W.; Zhong, Y. F.; Li, P.; Xiang, D.; Uddin, W.; Li, X. W.; Wang, Y. G.; Yuan, X. Y.; Wang, D. S. et al. Surface-structure tailoring of ultrafine PtCu nanowires for enhanced electrooxidation of alcohols. Sci. China Mater. 2021, 64, 601–610.
DOI Google Scholar
34

Xia, B. Y.; Wu, H. B.; Yan, Y.; Lou, X. W.; Wang, X. Ultrathin and ultralong single-crystal platinum nanowire assemblies with highly stable electrocatalytic activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 9480–9485.
DOI Google Scholar
35

Lu, Q. Q.; Sun, L. T.; Zhao, X.; Huang, J. S.; Han, C.; Yang, X. R. One-pot synthesis of interconnected Pt95Co5 nanowires with enhanced electrocatalytic performance for methanol oxidation reaction. Nano Res. 2018, 11, 2562–2572.
DOI Google Scholar
36

Liu, Z. F.; Hu, J. E.; Wang, Q.; Gaskell, K.; Frenkel, A. I.; Jackson, G. S.; Eichhorn, B. PtMo alloy and MoOx@Pt core-shell nanoparticles as highly CO-tolerant electrocatalysts. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6924–6925.
DOI Google Scholar
37

Dionigi, F.; Weber, C. C.; Primbs, M.; Gocyla, M.; Bonastre, A. M.; Spöri, C.; Schmies, H.; Hornberger, E.; Kühl, S.; Drnec, J. et al. Controlling near-surface Ni composition in octahedral PtNi(Mo) nanoparticles by Mo doping for a highly active oxygen reduction reaction catalyst. Nano Lett. 2019, 19, 6876–6885.
DOI Google Scholar
38

Yang, F.; Ye, J. Y.; Yuan, Q.; Yang, X. T.; Xie, Z. X.; Zhao, F. L.; Zhou, Z. Y.; Gu, L.; Wang, X. Ultrasmall Pd-Cu-Pt trimetallic twin icosahedrons boost the electrocatalytic performance of glycerol oxidation at the operating temperature of fuel cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020, 30, 1908235.
DOI Google Scholar
39

Deng, K.; Xu, Y.; Yang, D. D.; Qian, X. Q.; Dai, Z. C.; Wang, Z. Q.; Li, X. N.; Wang, L.; Wang, H. J. Pt-Ni-P nanocages with surface porosity as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 9791–9797.
DOI Google Scholar
40

Zhang, X.; Wang, S. B.; Wu, C. S.; Li, H.; Cao, Y.; Li, S. G.; Xia, H. B. Synthesis of S-doped AuPbPt alloy nanowire-networks as superior catalysts towards the ORR and HER. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 23906–23918.
DOI Google Scholar
41

Park, J.; Kim, H. J.; Oh, A.; Kwon, T.; Baik, H.; Choi, S. I.; Lee, K. RuOx-decorated multimetallic hetero-nanocages as highly efficient electrocatalysts toward the methanol oxidation reaction. Nanoscale 2018, 10, 21178–21185.
DOI Google Scholar
42

Li, C. Z.; Yuan, Q.; Ni, B.; He, T.; Zhang, S. M.; Long, Y.; Gu, L.; Wang, X. Dendritic defect-rich palladium-copper-cobalt nanoalloys as robust multifunctional non-platinum electrocatalysts for fuel cells. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 3702.
DOI Google Scholar
43

Xu, X. L.; Zhang, X.; Sun, H.; Yang, Y.; Dai, X. P.; Gao, J. S.; Li, X. Y.; Zhang, P. F.; Wang, H. H.; Yu, N. F. et al. Synthesis of Pt-Ni alloy nanocrystals with high-index facets and enhanced electrocatalytic properties. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 12522–12527.
Google Scholar
44

Wang, D. D.; Chen, Z. W.; Huang, Y. C.; Li, W.; Wang, J.; Lu, Z. L.; Gu, K. Z.; Wang, T. H.; Wu, Y. J.; Chen, C. et al. Tailoring lattice strain in ultra-fine high-entropy alloys for active and stable methanol oxidation. Sci. China Mater. 2021, 64, 2454–2466.
DOI Google Scholar
45

Zheng, J.; Cullen, D. A.; Forest, R. V.; Wittkopf, J. A.; Zhuang, Z. B.; Sheng, W. C.; Chen, J. G.; Yan, Y. S. Platinum-ruthenium nanotubes and platinum-ruthenium coated copper nanowires as efficient catalysts for electro-oxidation of methanol. ACS Catal. 2015, 5, 1468–1474.
DOI Google Scholar
46

Hong, W.; Shang, C. S.; Wang, J.; Wang, E. K. Bimetallic PdPt nanowire networks with enhanced electrocatalytic activity for ethylene glycol and glycerol oxidation. Energy Environ. Sci. 2015, 8, 2910–2915.
DOI Google Scholar
47

Li, M. X.; Wang, Y.; Cai, J.; Li, Y. R.; Liu, Y. J.; Dong, Y.; Li, S. N.; Yuan, X. L.; Zhang, X.; Dai, X. P. Surface sites assembled-strategy on Pt-Ru nanowires for accelerated methanol oxidation. Dalton Trans. 2020, 49, 13999–14008.
DOI Google Scholar
48

Bai, J.; Xiao, X.; Xue, Y. Y.; Jiang, J. X.; Zeng, J. H.; Li, X. F.; Chen, Y. Bimetallic platinum-rhodium alloy nanodendrites as highly active electrocatalyst for the ethanol oxidation reaction. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 19755–19763.
DOI Google Scholar
49

Jiang, L.; Hsu, A.; Chu, D.; Chen, R. Ethanol electro-oxidation on Pt/C and PtSn/C catalysts in alkaline and acid solutions. Int. J. Hyd. Energy 2010, 35, 365–372.
DOI Google Scholar
50

Rizo, R.; Sebastián, D.; Lázaro, M. J.; Pastor, E. On the design of Pt-Sn efficient catalyst for carbon monoxide and ethanol oxidation in acid and alkaline media. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2017, 200, 246–254.
DOI Google Scholar
51

Sieben, J. M.; Duarte, M. M. E. Nanostructured Pt and Pt-Sn catalysts supported on oxidized carbon nanotubes for ethanol and ethylene glycol electro-oxidation. Int. J. Hyd. Energy 2011, 36, 3313–3321.
DOI Google Scholar
52

Liu, K.; Wang, W.; Guo, P. H.; Ye, J. Y.; Wang, Y. Y.; Li, P. T.; Lyu, Z.; Geng, Y. S.; Liu, M. C.; Xie, S. F. Replicating the defect structures on ultrathin Rh nanowires with Pt to achieve superior electrocatalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1806300.
DOI Google Scholar
53

Yang, X. T.; Yao, K. X.; Ye, J. Y.; Yuan, Q.; Zhao, F. L.; Li, Y. F.; Zhou, Z. Y. Interface-rich three-dimensional Au-doped PtBi intermetallics as highly effective anode catalysts for application in alkaline ethylene glycol fuel cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2103671.
DOI Google Scholar
54

Zhao, F. L.; Ye, J. Y.; Yuan, Q.; Yang, X. T.; Zhou, Z. Y. Realizing a CO-free pathway and enhanced durability in highly dispersed Cu-doped PtBi nanoalloys towards methanol full electrooxidation. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 11564–11572.
DOI Google Scholar
55

Zhao, F. L.; Zheng, L. R.; Yuan, Q.; Yang, X. T.; Zhang, Q. H.; Xu, H.; Guo, Y. L.; Yang, S.; Zhou, Z. Y.; Gu, L. et al. Ultrathin PdAuBiTe nanosheets as high-performance oxygen reduction catalysts for a direct methanol fuel cell device. Adv. Mater. 2021, 21, 2103383.
Google Scholar
56

Liu, Y. F.; Wei, M. J.; Raciti, D.; Wang, Y. X.; Hu, P. F.; Park, J. H.; Barclay, M.; Wang, C. Electro-oxidation of ethanol using Pt3Sn alloy nanoparticles. ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 10931–10937.
DOI Google Scholar
57

Cao, L.; Mueller, T. Theoretical insights into the effects of oxidation and Mo-doping on the structure and stability of Pt-Ni nanoparticles. Nano Lett. 2016, 16, 7748–7754.
DOI Google Scholar
58

Zhu, Y. M.; Bu, L. Z.; Shao, Q.; Huang, X. Q. Subnanometer PtRh nanowire with alleviated poisoning effect and enhanced C-C bond cleavage for ethanol oxidation electrocatalysis. ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 6607–6612.
DOI Google Scholar
59

Yu, L.; Zhou, T. T.; Cao, S. H.; Tai, X. S.; Liu, L. L.; Wang, Y. Suppressing the surface passivation of Pt-Mo nanowires via constructing Mo-Se coordination for boosting HER performance. Nano Res. 2020, 14, 2659–2665.
Google Scholar
File
12274_2021_3952_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (615.6 KB)
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 12 September 2021
Revised: 17 October 2021
Accepted: 22 October 2021
Published: 12 December 2021
Issue date: April 2022

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 21573286), the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation projects in Shandong Province (No. 2019JZZY010343), and the open fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University.

Return