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Nano Research 2022, 15(4): 3569-3574 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3900-3
Research Article | Issue | Published: 04 December 2021

Tuning the near room temperature oxidation behavior of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles

Show Author's Information Jing Gao1,  Jun Ding2( ),  Yin Zhang3,  Ting Zhu3,  Qian Yu1( )
Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
Keywords:
oxidation, In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) , high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles (NPs)
Topics:
Transmission electron microscopy
Cite this article:
Gao J, Ding J, Zhang Y, et al. Tuning the near room temperature oxidation behavior of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles. Nano Research, 2022, 15(4): 3569-3574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3900-3
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Understanding the oxidation behavior of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is essential to their practical applications. Here we conducted in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (E-TEM) observations of dynamic oxidation processes in CrMnFeCoNi and CrFeCoNiPd nanoparticles (NPs) near room temperature. During the oxidation of CrMnFeCoNi NPs, a favorable oxidation product was MnCr2O4 with the spinel structure. The surface nanoislands of MnCr2O4 underwent dynamic reconstruction, resulting in the thickened oxide layer with less crystallinity. In CrFeCoNiPd NPs, the reactive element Mn was replaced by the inert element Pd. As a result, a favorable oxide product was CrO2 with the rutile structure. CrO2 formed on the NP surface and was a result of Cr outward diffusion through the oxide layer. In addition, FeO nanocrystals formed at the oxide/metal interface and were a result of O inward diffusion through the oxide layer. We also performed first principles calculations to provide insights into the energetics and diffusion rates related to oxide formation. These results reveal the non-equilibrium processes of oxidation in HEA NPs that can be strongly influenced by small particle sizes and large surface areas. This work underscores the high tunability of oxidation behavior in nanoscale HEAs by changing their constituent alloying elements.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Tuning the near room temperature oxidation behavior of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles

Show Author's information Jing Gao1, Jun Ding2( ), Yin Zhang3, Ting Zhu3, Qian Yu1( )
Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Abstract

Understanding the oxidation behavior of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is essential to their practical applications. Here we conducted in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (E-TEM) observations of dynamic oxidation processes in CrMnFeCoNi and CrFeCoNiPd nanoparticles (NPs) near room temperature. During the oxidation of CrMnFeCoNi NPs, a favorable oxidation product was MnCr2O4 with the spinel structure. The surface nanoislands of MnCr2O4 underwent dynamic reconstruction, resulting in the thickened oxide layer with less crystallinity. In CrFeCoNiPd NPs, the reactive element Mn was replaced by the inert element Pd. As a result, a favorable oxide product was CrO2 with the rutile structure. CrO2 formed on the NP surface and was a result of Cr outward diffusion through the oxide layer. In addition, FeO nanocrystals formed at the oxide/metal interface and were a result of O inward diffusion through the oxide layer. We also performed first principles calculations to provide insights into the energetics and diffusion rates related to oxide formation. These results reveal the non-equilibrium processes of oxidation in HEA NPs that can be strongly influenced by small particle sizes and large surface areas. This work underscores the high tunability of oxidation behavior in nanoscale HEAs by changing their constituent alloying elements.

Keywords: oxidation, In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) , high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles (NPs)

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 16 April 2021
Revised: 09 September 2021
Accepted: 22 September 2021
Published: 04 December 2021
Issue date: April 2022

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

Q. Y. was supported by the Chinese 1000-Youth-Talent Plan, 111 project under (No. B16042), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51671168) and the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2015CB65930). J. D. acknowledges support from the Chinese 1000-Youth-Talent Plan and National Natural Science Foundation of China (12004294). The authors acknowledge the support by the HPC platform of Xi’an Jiaotong University.

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