High energy and insensitive explosives based on energetic porous aromatic frameworks

The design and synthesis of energetic materials with a compatibility of high energy and insensitivity have always been the research fronts in military and civilian fields. Considering excellent performances of porous organic frameworks and the lack of research in the field of energetic materials, in this study, a new concept named energetic porous aromatic frameworks (EPAFs) is proposed. The strategy of coating high energy explosives such as 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX) in the EPAFs by wet-infiltration method has successfully realized the assembly of target energetic composite materials. The results show that the 75 wt.% CL-20@EPAF-1 possesses the safer impact sensitivity of 31.4 J than that of CL-20 (4.0 J). Notably, for 75 wt.% CL-20@EPAF-1, in addition to the superior detonation performances of the detonation velocity (8,761 m·s⁻¹) and detonation pressure (31.27 GPa), the synergistic effect of the nitrogen-rich EPAFs and the nitramines high energy explosives results in a higher heat of detonation that surpasses the most of pristine high explosives and reported novel energetic materials. In prospect, energetic porous aromatic frameworks could be a promising and inspiring strategy to build high energy insensitive energetic materials.