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Nano Research 2022, 15(4): 3299-3322 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3865-2
Review Article | Issue | Published: 15 October 2021

Nanomaterials for neurodegenerative diseases: Molecular mechanisms guided design and applications

Show Author's Information Tianzhong Li1,2,§,  Xueyan Hou2,§,  Yu Qi3,§,  Xiaohan Duan2,  Pengcheng Yan3,  Haoru Zhu3,  Zhongjian Xie4( ),  Han Zhang2( )
Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, Shenzhen 518110, China
International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China

§ Tianzhong Li, Xueyan Hou, and Yu Qi contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
neurodegenerative diseases, nanomaterials, molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, protein aggregation
Topics:
Biocompatibility
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Li T, Hou X, Qi Y, et al. Nanomaterials for neurodegenerative diseases: Molecular mechanisms guided design and applications. Nano Research, 2022, 15(4): 3299-3322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3865-2
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Abstract Full text About this article

Successful treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD), remains a significant challenge for neurologists due to the undesirable curative outcomes. Apart from surgeries, most drugs are only used to relieve the patients’ symptoms without a permanent cure of the disease. The development of novel biomaterials targeting NDDs is greatly hindered by the limited understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms. Considering the difficulties in NDD drug development and clinical trials, a comprehensive and up-to-date review of disease pathogenesis and related novel therapies are needed. In the current article, the basic concepts and pathogenic characteristics of NDDs are firstly illustrated. Following the detailed description of molecular mechanisms underlying three common NDDs, recent advances of drug development based on targeting different pathogenic mechanisms are clarified. Hopefully, this review will be beneficial to address the gap between materials and targeted mechanisms while simultaneously provide suggestions for the future design of precise NDD medicine.


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About this article

Nanomaterials for neurodegenerative diseases: Molecular mechanisms guided design and applications

Show Author's information Tianzhong Li1,2,§, Xueyan Hou2,§, Yu Qi3,§, Xiaohan Duan2, Pengcheng Yan3, Haoru Zhu3, Zhongjian Xie4( ), Han Zhang2( )
Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, Shenzhen 518110, China
International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China

§ Tianzhong Li, Xueyan Hou, and Yu Qi contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Successful treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD), remains a significant challenge for neurologists due to the undesirable curative outcomes. Apart from surgeries, most drugs are only used to relieve the patients’ symptoms without a permanent cure of the disease. The development of novel biomaterials targeting NDDs is greatly hindered by the limited understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms. Considering the difficulties in NDD drug development and clinical trials, a comprehensive and up-to-date review of disease pathogenesis and related novel therapies are needed. In the current article, the basic concepts and pathogenic characteristics of NDDs are firstly illustrated. Following the detailed description of molecular mechanisms underlying three common NDDs, recent advances of drug development based on targeting different pathogenic mechanisms are clarified. Hopefully, this review will be beneficial to address the gap between materials and targeted mechanisms while simultaneously provide suggestions for the future design of precise NDD medicine.

Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases, nanomaterials, molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, protein aggregation

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 06 June 2021
Revised: 01 September 2021
Accepted: 04 September 2021
Published: 15 October 2021
Issue date: April 2022

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (No. 61961136001), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Research Foundation (No. 2019B1515120043), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2020A151501612), and the Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen (No. JCYJ20180508152903208). The authors also acknowledged the support from the Photonics Center and Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University.

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