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Nano Research 2021, 14(11): 4294-4303 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3718-z
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 07 August 2021

Ultrathin-shell epitaxial Ag@Au core-shell nanowires for high-performance and chemically-stable electronic, optical, and mechanical devices

Show Author's Information Yangzhi Zhu1,2,  Sanggon Kim1,  Xuezhi Ma3,  Peter Byrley1,  Ning Yu1,  Qiushi Liu3,  Xiaoming Sun4,  Da Xu3,  Sangshan Peng5,  Martin C. Hartel6,  Shiming Zhang7,  Vadim Jucaud2,  Mehmet R. Dokmeci2,  Ali Khademhosseini2,  Ruoxue Yan1,8( )
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Bourns College of Engineering University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los Angeles CA 90064 USA
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
Department of Bioengineering University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
Material Science and Engineering Program University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
Keywords:
epitaxial growth, wearable electronics, transparent electrode, plasmonic waveguides, core-shell nanowire, atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe
Topics:
Nanowires
Cite this article:
Zhu Y, Kim S, Ma X, et al. Ultrathin-shell epitaxial Ag@Au core-shell nanowires for high-performance and chemically-stable electronic, optical, and mechanical devices. Nano Research, 2021, 14(11): 4294-4303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3718-z
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) hold great promise for applications in wearable electronics, flexible solar cells, chemical and biological sensors, photonic/plasmonic circuits, and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) due to their unique plasmonic, mechanical, and electronic properties. However, the lifetime, reliability, and operating conditions of AgNW-based devices are significantly restricted by their poor chemical stability, limiting their commercial potentials. Therefore, it is crucial to create a reliable oxidation barrier on AgNWs that provides long-term chemical stability to various optical, electrical, and mechanical devices while maintaining their high performance. Here we report a room-temperature solution-phase approach to grow an ultra-thin, epitaxial gold coating on AgNWs to effectively shield the Ag surface from environmental oxidation. The Ag@Au core-shell nanowires (Ag@Au NWs) remain stable in air for over six months, under elevated temperature and humidity (80 ℃ and 100% humidity) for twelve weeks, in physiological buffer solutions for three weeks, and can survive overnight treatment of an oxidative solution (2% H2O2). The Ag@Au core-shell NWs demonstrated comparable performance as pristine AgNWs in various electronic, optical, and mechanical devices, such as transparent mesh electrodes, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, plasmonic waveguides, plasmonic nanofocusing probes, and high-aspect-ratio, high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes. These Au@Ag core-shell NWs offer a universal solution towards chemically-stable AgNW-based devices without compromising material property or device performance.


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Abstract
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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Ultrathin-shell epitaxial Ag@Au core-shell nanowires for high-performance and chemically-stable electronic, optical, and mechanical devices

Show Author's information Yangzhi Zhu1,2, Sanggon Kim1, Xuezhi Ma3, Peter Byrley1, Ning Yu1, Qiushi Liu3, Xiaoming Sun4, Da Xu3, Sangshan Peng5, Martin C. Hartel6, Shiming Zhang7, Vadim Jucaud2, Mehmet R. Dokmeci2, Ali Khademhosseini2, Ruoxue Yan1,8( )
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Bourns College of Engineering University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los Angeles CA 90064 USA
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
Department of Bioengineering University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
Material Science and Engineering Program University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA

Abstract

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) hold great promise for applications in wearable electronics, flexible solar cells, chemical and biological sensors, photonic/plasmonic circuits, and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) due to their unique plasmonic, mechanical, and electronic properties. However, the lifetime, reliability, and operating conditions of AgNW-based devices are significantly restricted by their poor chemical stability, limiting their commercial potentials. Therefore, it is crucial to create a reliable oxidation barrier on AgNWs that provides long-term chemical stability to various optical, electrical, and mechanical devices while maintaining their high performance. Here we report a room-temperature solution-phase approach to grow an ultra-thin, epitaxial gold coating on AgNWs to effectively shield the Ag surface from environmental oxidation. The Ag@Au core-shell nanowires (Ag@Au NWs) remain stable in air for over six months, under elevated temperature and humidity (80 ℃ and 100% humidity) for twelve weeks, in physiological buffer solutions for three weeks, and can survive overnight treatment of an oxidative solution (2% H2O2). The Ag@Au core-shell NWs demonstrated comparable performance as pristine AgNWs in various electronic, optical, and mechanical devices, such as transparent mesh electrodes, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, plasmonic waveguides, plasmonic nanofocusing probes, and high-aspect-ratio, high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes. These Au@Ag core-shell NWs offer a universal solution towards chemically-stable AgNW-based devices without compromising material property or device performance.

Keywords: epitaxial growth, wearable electronics, transparent electrode, plasmonic waveguides, core-shell nanowire, atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe

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Received: 23 April 2021
Revised: 22 June 2021
Accepted: 23 June 2021
Published: 07 August 2021
Issue date: November 2021

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© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under gant No. CHE-1654794. The authors acknowledge Prof. Yadong Yin from the Department of Chemistry, UC Riverside for helpful discussion.

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