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The goal of material chemistry is to study the relationship among hierarchical structure, chemical reaction and precision preparation for materials, yet tracking pyrolysis process on multi-dimensional scale is still at primary stage. Here we propose packing mode analysis to understand evolution process in high temperature reaction. As a proof of concept, we first design a salan-ligated Mn3 (Mn3(3-MeOsalophen)2(Cl)2) cluster and pyrolyze it under an inert atmosphere directly to a mixed valence MnOx embedded in a porous N-doped carbon skeleton (MnOx/C). Meanwhile, combining thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) with other characterization techniques, its pyrolysis process is precisely tracked real-time and Mn2+/Mn3+ ratios in the resulting materials are deduced, ensuring excellent electrochemical advantages. As a result, the as-preferred MnOx/C-900 sample reaches 943 F/g at 1 A/g, maintaining good durability under 5, 000 cycles with 90% retention. The highlight of packing mode analysis strategy in this work would provide a favorable approach to explore the potential relationship between structure and performance in the future.
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