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Nano Research 2021, 14(11): 3744-3755 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3337-8
Review Article | Issue | Published: 27 March 2021

X-ray sensitive high-Z metal nanocrystals for cancer imaging and therapy

Show Author's Information Liting Zheng§,  Rong Zhu§,  Lanlan Chen( ),  Qinrui Fu,  Jingying Li,  Chen Chen,  Jibin Song( ),  Huanghao Yang( )
MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyCollege of Chemistry, Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China

§Liting Zheng and Rong Zhu contributed equally to this work.

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therapy, cancer, X-ray, radiotherapy, high-Z metal nanocrystal
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Zheng L, Zhu R, Chen L, et al. X-ray sensitive high-Z metal nanocrystals for cancer imaging and therapy. Nano Research, 2021, 14(11): 3744-3755. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3337-8
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Abstract Full text About this article

Radiotherapy (RT) based on X-ray irradiation is a widely applied cancer treatment strategy in the clinic. However, treating cancer based on RT alone usually results in insufficient radiation energy deposition, which inevitably has serious side effects on healthy parts of the body. Interestingly, high atomic number (high-Z) metal nanocrystals as X-ray sensitizers can reduce the radiation dose effectively due to their high X-ray absorption, which has attracted increased attention in recent years. High-Z metal nanocrystals produce Auger and photoelectrons electrons under X-ray irradiation, which could generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species, and induce cellular damages. The sensitization effect of high-Z metal nanocrystals is closely related with their composition, morphologies, and size, which would strongly impact their performances in the application of cancer imaging and therapy. In this review, we summarize diverse types of X-ray sensitizers such as bismuth, hafnium, gold, and gadolinium for cancer RT and imaging applications. In addition, current challenges and the outlook of RT based on high-Z metal nanocrystals are also discussed.


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About this article

X-ray sensitive high-Z metal nanocrystals for cancer imaging and therapy

Show Author's information Liting Zheng§, Rong Zhu§, Lanlan Chen( ), Qinrui Fu, Jingying Li, Chen Chen, Jibin Song( ), Huanghao Yang( )
MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyCollege of Chemistry, Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China

§Liting Zheng and Rong Zhu contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Radiotherapy (RT) based on X-ray irradiation is a widely applied cancer treatment strategy in the clinic. However, treating cancer based on RT alone usually results in insufficient radiation energy deposition, which inevitably has serious side effects on healthy parts of the body. Interestingly, high atomic number (high-Z) metal nanocrystals as X-ray sensitizers can reduce the radiation dose effectively due to their high X-ray absorption, which has attracted increased attention in recent years. High-Z metal nanocrystals produce Auger and photoelectrons electrons under X-ray irradiation, which could generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species, and induce cellular damages. The sensitization effect of high-Z metal nanocrystals is closely related with their composition, morphologies, and size, which would strongly impact their performances in the application of cancer imaging and therapy. In this review, we summarize diverse types of X-ray sensitizers such as bismuth, hafnium, gold, and gadolinium for cancer RT and imaging applications. In addition, current challenges and the outlook of RT based on high-Z metal nanocrystals are also discussed.

Keywords: therapy, cancer, X-ray, radiotherapy, high-Z metal nanocrystal

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 02 November 2020
Revised: 11 January 2021
Accepted: 15 January 2021
Published: 27 March 2021
Issue date: November 2021

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21674116 and 21874024), and the joint research projects of Health and Education Commission of Fujian Province (No. 2019-WJ-20).

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