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Research Article | Open Access

Electrochemical top-down synthesis of C-supported Pt nanoparticles with controllable shape and size: Mechanistic insights and application

Batyr Garlyyev1,§( ), Sebastian Watzele1,§, Johannes Fichtner1,§, Jan Michalička2, Alexander Schökel3, Anatoliy Senyshyn4, Andrea Perego5, Dingjie Pan6, Hany A. El-Sayed7, Jan M. Macak2, Plamen Atanassov5,6, Iryna V. Zenyuk5,6( ), Aliaksandr S. Bandarenka1( )
Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Munich, James Franck Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2580 California, USA
Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2580 California, USA
Chair of Technical Electrochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany

§ Batyr Garlyyev, Sebastian Watzele, and Johannes Fichtner contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

In this work, we demonstrate the power of a simple top-down electrochemical erosion approach to obtain Pt nanoparticle with controlled shapes and sizes (in the range from ~ 2 to ~ 10 nm). Carbon supported nanoparticles with narrow size distributions have been synthesized by applying an alternating voltage to macroscopic bulk platinum structures, such as disks or wires. Without using any surfactants, the size and shape of the particles can be changed by adjusting simple parameters such as the applied potential, frequency and electrolyte composition. For instance, application of a sinusoidal AC voltage with lower frequencies results in cubic nanoparticles; whereas higher frequencies lead to predominantly spherical nanoparticles. On the other hand, the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal was found to affect the particle size; the lower the amplitude of the applied AC signal, the smaller the resulting particle size. Pt/C catalysts prepared by this approach showed 0.76 A/mg mass activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction which is ~ 2 times higher than the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.42 A/mg) from Tanaka. In addition to this, we discussed the mechanistic insights about the nanoparticle formation pathways.

Keywords

oxygen reduction reactionnanoparticlesplatinumelectrochemical synthesis

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Nano Research
Volume 14 Issue 8,
August 2021
Pages 2762-2769
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-3281-z
Cite this article:
Garlyyev B, Watzele S, Fichtner J, et al. Electrochemical top-down synthesis of C-supported Pt nanoparticles with controllable shape and size: Mechanistic insights and application. Nano Research, 2021, 14(8): 2762-2769. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3281-z
Topics:
CatalystsElectrolytesElectrolytic reduction NanoparticlesOxygen reduction reaction Particle size

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Received: 21 October 2020
Revised: 24 November 2020
Accepted: 02 December 2020
Published: 29 December 2020
© The Author(s) 2020

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