Surface oxidation of transition metal sulfide and phosphide nanomaterials

Zishan Wu; Ling Huang; Huan Liu; Min Li; Hailiang Wang

doi:10.1007/s12274-020-3219-5

Nano Research 2021, 14(7): 2264-2267 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3219-5

Research Article | Issue | Published: 05 July 2021

Surface oxidation of transition metal sulfide and phosphide nanomaterials

Show Author's Information Hide Author's Information Zishan Wu^{¹^,²}, Ling Huang^{²^,^†}, Huan Liu^{¹^,²^,^‡}, Min Li^³, Hailiang Wang^{¹^,²}(

)

1 Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA

2 Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA

3 Materials Characterization Core, Yale West Campus, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA

^† Present address: Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China

^‡ Present address: College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China

Keywords:

kinetics, surface oxidation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), sulfides, phosphides

Topics:

Cobalt compounds Copper compounds Layered semiconductors Metal nanoparticles Molybdenum compounds Nickel sulfates Oxidation Oxygen Phosphorus compounds Sulfur compounds Transition metals X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

An erratum to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3296-0

Cite this article:

Wu Z, Huang L, Liu H, et al. Surface oxidation of transition metal sulfide and phosphide nanomaterials. Nano Research, 2021, 14(7): 2264-2267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3219-5

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Abstract

Many transition metal sulfides and phosphides are susceptible to surface oxidation under ambient conditions. The formed surface oxidation layer, which is likely to further restructure under reaction conditions, alters the chemical properties of the pristine material but has not been well studied. In this work, we for the first time use X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to quantify the natural surface oxidation of transition metal phosphide and sulfide nanoparticles and employ a simplified Deal-Grove model to analyze the kinetics. We show that CoS₂ oxidizes faster than CoS whereas CoP₂ is more difficult to oxidize compared to CoP, and there exists an inverse correlation between the surface oxidation rate and the Co-S/P distance in the pristine structure. More inclusive investigation unveils different types of surface oxidation behavior: CoS, NiS and FeS are limited by their reactivity with oxygen; CoS₂ is the most reactive and its oxidation is governed by oxygen diffusion; CoP₂ is influenced by both reactivity and diffusion; CoP, Ni₂P, Cu₃P and MoP exhibit high initial oxidation degrees and the kinetics are not well-defined; MoS₂ is largely stable against oxidation.

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About this article

Surface oxidation of transition metal sulfide and phosphide nanomaterials

Show Author's information Hide Author's Information Zishan Wu^{¹^,²}, Ling Huang^{²^,^†}, Huan Liu^{¹^,²^,^‡}, Min Li^³, Hailiang Wang^{¹^,²}(

)

1 Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA

2 Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA

3 Materials Characterization Core, Yale West Campus, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA

^† Present address: Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China

^‡ Present address: College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China

Abstract

Keywords: kinetics, surface oxidation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), sulfides, phosphides

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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 21 September 2020

Revised: 22 October 2020

Accepted: 29 October 2020

Published: 05 July 2021

Issue date: July 2021

Copyright

Acknowledgements

This work is partially supported by the Sloan Research Fellowship. L. H. and H. L. acknowledge graduate student exchange fellowships from the China Scholarship Council.