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Nano Research 2021, 14(1): 148-156 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3058-4
Research Article | Issue | Published: 05 January 2021

Highly active multivalent multielement catalysts derived from hierarchical porous TiNb2O7 nanospheres for the reversible hydrogen storage of MgH2

Show Author's Information Lingchao Zhang1,§,  Ke Wang1,§,  Yongfeng Liu1( ),  Xin Zhang1,  Jianjiang Hu2,  Mingxia Gao1,  Hongge Pan1
State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China

§ Lingchao Zhang and Ke Wang contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
hydrogenation, nanospheres, hydrogen storage, magnesium hydride, transition metal catalysts
Topics:
Ball millingCatalystsDensity functional theoryHydrogen storageMagnesium compoundsNanospheres TemperatureTitanium
Cite this article:
Zhang L, Wang K, Liu Y, et al. Highly active multivalent multielement catalysts derived from hierarchical porous TiNb2O7 nanospheres for the reversible hydrogen storage of MgH2. Nano Research, 2021, 14(1): 148-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3058-4
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Critical limitations in applying MgH2 as a hydrogen-storage medium include the high H2 desorption temperature and slow reaction kinetics. In this study, we synthesized hierarchical porous TiNb2O7 spheres in micrometer scale built with 20-50 nm nanospheres, which showed stable activity to catalyze hydrogen storage in MgH2 as precursors. The addition of 7 wt.% TiNb2O7 in MgH2 reduced the dehydrogenation onset temperature from 300 to 177 °C. At 250 °C, approximately 5.5 wt.% H2 was rapidly released in 10 min. Hydrogen uptake was detected even at room temperature under 50 bar hydrogen; 4.5 wt.% H2 was absorbed in 3 min at 150 °C, exhibiting a superior low-temperature hydrogenation performance. Moreover, nearly constant capacity was observed from the second cycle onward, demonstrating stable cyclability. During the ball milling and initial de/hydrogenation process, the high-valent Ti and Nb of TiNb2O7 were reduced to the lower-valent species or even zero-valent metal, which in situ created multivalent multielement catalytic surroundings. A strong synergistic effect was obtained for hybrid oxides of Nb and Ti by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which largely weakens the Mg-H bonding and results in a large reduction in kinetic barriers for hydrogen storage reactions of MgH2. Our findings may guide the further design and development of high-performance complex catalysts for the reversible hydrogen storage of hydrides.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Highly active multivalent multielement catalysts derived from hierarchical porous TiNb2O7 nanospheres for the reversible hydrogen storage of MgH2

Show Author's information Lingchao Zhang1,§, Ke Wang1,§, Yongfeng Liu1( ), Xin Zhang1, Jianjiang Hu2, Mingxia Gao1, Hongge Pan1
State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China

§ Lingchao Zhang and Ke Wang contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Critical limitations in applying MgH2 as a hydrogen-storage medium include the high H2 desorption temperature and slow reaction kinetics. In this study, we synthesized hierarchical porous TiNb2O7 spheres in micrometer scale built with 20-50 nm nanospheres, which showed stable activity to catalyze hydrogen storage in MgH2 as precursors. The addition of 7 wt.% TiNb2O7 in MgH2 reduced the dehydrogenation onset temperature from 300 to 177 °C. At 250 °C, approximately 5.5 wt.% H2 was rapidly released in 10 min. Hydrogen uptake was detected even at room temperature under 50 bar hydrogen; 4.5 wt.% H2 was absorbed in 3 min at 150 °C, exhibiting a superior low-temperature hydrogenation performance. Moreover, nearly constant capacity was observed from the second cycle onward, demonstrating stable cyclability. During the ball milling and initial de/hydrogenation process, the high-valent Ti and Nb of TiNb2O7 were reduced to the lower-valent species or even zero-valent metal, which in situ created multivalent multielement catalytic surroundings. A strong synergistic effect was obtained for hybrid oxides of Nb and Ti by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which largely weakens the Mg-H bonding and results in a large reduction in kinetic barriers for hydrogen storage reactions of MgH2. Our findings may guide the further design and development of high-performance complex catalysts for the reversible hydrogen storage of hydrides.

Keywords: hydrogenation, nanospheres, hydrogen storage, magnesium hydride, transition metal catalysts

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 14 June 2020
Revised: 30 July 2020
Accepted: 17 August 2020
Published: 05 January 2021
Issue date: January 2021

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFB1502102), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51671172 and U1601212), and the National Youth Top-Notch Talent Support Program.

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