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Nano Research 2021, 14(1): 139-147 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3057-5
Research Article | Issue | Published: 05 January 2021

Improved Na storage and Coulombic efficiency in TiP2O7@C microflowers for sodium ion batteries

Show Author's Information Jun Pan1,2,  Nana Wang3,  Lili Li4,  Feng Zhang1,  Zhenjie Cheng1,  Yanlu Li4,  Jian Yang1,2( ),  Yitai Qian1
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518000, China
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong Innovation Campus, North Wollongong New South Wales 2500, Australia
State Key Lab of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Keywords:
sodium ion batteries, anodes, TiP2O7, electrochemical reactions
Topics:
AnodesIon batteriesMetal ionsOxide mineralsPhosphorus compoundsRedox reactionsSodiumTitanium Dioxide
Cite this article:
Pan J, Wang N, Li L, et al. Improved Na storage and Coulombic efficiency in TiP2O7@C microflowers for sodium ion batteries. Nano Research, 2021, 14(1): 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3057-5
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Ti-based anode materials in sodium ion batteries have attracted extensive interests due to its abundant resources, low toxicity, easy synthesis and long cycle life. However, low coulombic efficiency and limited specific capacity affect their applications. Here, cubic-phase TiP2O7 is examined as anode materials, using in-situ/ex-situ characterization techniques. It is concluded that the redox reactions of Ti4+/Ti3+ and Ti3+/Ti0 consecutively occur during the discharge/charge processes, both of which are highly reversible. These reactions make the specific capacity of TiP2O7 even higher than the case of TiO2 that only contains a simple anion, O2-. Interestingly, Ti species participate only one of the redox reactions, due to the remarkable difference in local structures related to the sodiation process. The stable discharge/charge products in TiP2O7 reduce the side reactions and improve the coulombic efficiency as compared to TiO2. These features make it a promising Ti-based anode for sodium ion batteries. Therefore, TiP2O7@C microflowers exhibit excellent electrochemical performances, ~ 109 mAh·g-1 after 10,000 cycles at 2 A·g-1, or 95.2 mAh·g-1 at 10 A·g-1. The results demonstrate new opportunities for advanced Ti-based anodes in sodium ion batteries.


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Abstract
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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Improved Na storage and Coulombic efficiency in TiP2O7@C microflowers for sodium ion batteries

Show Author's information Jun Pan1,2, Nana Wang3, Lili Li4, Feng Zhang1, Zhenjie Cheng1, Yanlu Li4, Jian Yang1,2( ), Yitai Qian1
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518000, China
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong Innovation Campus, North Wollongong New South Wales 2500, Australia
State Key Lab of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Abstract

Ti-based anode materials in sodium ion batteries have attracted extensive interests due to its abundant resources, low toxicity, easy synthesis and long cycle life. However, low coulombic efficiency and limited specific capacity affect their applications. Here, cubic-phase TiP2O7 is examined as anode materials, using in-situ/ex-situ characterization techniques. It is concluded that the redox reactions of Ti4+/Ti3+ and Ti3+/Ti0 consecutively occur during the discharge/charge processes, both of which are highly reversible. These reactions make the specific capacity of TiP2O7 even higher than the case of TiO2 that only contains a simple anion, O2-. Interestingly, Ti species participate only one of the redox reactions, due to the remarkable difference in local structures related to the sodiation process. The stable discharge/charge products in TiP2O7 reduce the side reactions and improve the coulombic efficiency as compared to TiO2. These features make it a promising Ti-based anode for sodium ion batteries. Therefore, TiP2O7@C microflowers exhibit excellent electrochemical performances, ~ 109 mAh·g-1 after 10,000 cycles at 2 A·g-1, or 95.2 mAh·g-1 at 10 A·g-1. The results demonstrate new opportunities for advanced Ti-based anodes in sodium ion batteries.

Keywords: sodium ion batteries, anodes, TiP2O7, electrochemical reactions

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 15 July 2020
Revised: 14 August 2020
Accepted: 16 August 2020
Published: 05 January 2021
Issue date: January 2021

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for their financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21971146, 61527809, and 21471090), Development Programs of Shandong Province (Nos. 2017 GGX40101 and 2017CXGC0503), Taishan Scholarship of Shandong Province (No. ts201511004), the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (No. JCYJ20180305164424922), and the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University (No. 2018JC023). We thank Dr. Kepeng Song for high-resolution transmission electron microscope images and thank Dr. Tania Silver for helpful discussions.

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