References(122)
[1]
R. Schlögl, Catalytic synthesis of ammonia-A “never-ending story”? Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 2004-2008.
[2]
S. Y. Wang,; F. Ichihara,; H. Pang,; H. Chen,; J. H. Ye, Nitrogen fixation reaction derived from nanostructured catalytic materials. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1803309.
[3]
A. Klerke,; C. H. Christensen,; J. K. Nørskov,; T. Vegge, Ammonia for hydrogen storage: Challenges and opportunities. J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 2304-2310.
[4]
I. Dybkjaer, Ammonia production processes. In Ammonia, Catalysis and Manufacture. A. Nielsen,, Ed.; Springer: Heidelberg, 1995; pp 199-308.
[5]
T. Spatzal,; M. Aksoyoglu,; L. M. Zhang,; S. L. A. Andrade,; E. Schleicher,; S. Weber,; D. C. Rees,; O. Einsle, Evidence for interstitial carbon in nitrogenase FeMo cofactor. Science 2011, 334, 940.
[6]
K. M. Lancaster,; Y. L. Hu,; U. Bergmann,; M. W. Ribbe,; S. DeBeer, X-ray spectroscopic observation of an interstitial carbide in NifEN-bound FeMoco precursor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 610-612.
[7]
M. A. Shipman,; M. D. Symes, Recent progress towards the electrosynthesis of ammonia from sustainable resources. Catal. Today 2017, 286, 57-68.
[8]
X. J. Zhu,; S. Y. Mou,; Q. L. Peng,; Q. Liu,; Y. L. Luo,; G. Chen,; S. Y. Gao,; X. P. Sun, Aqueous electrocatalytic N2 reduction for ambient NH3 synthesis: Recent advances in catalyst development and performance improvement. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 1545-1556.
[9]
S. Y. Gao,; Y. Z. Zhu,; Y. Chen,; M. Tian,; Y. J. Yang,; T. Jiang,; Z. L. Wang, Self-power electroreduction of N2 into NH3 by 3D printed triboelectric nanogenerators. Mater. Today 2019, 28, 17-24.
[10]
R. B. Zhao,; C. W. Liu,; X. X. Zhang,; X. J. Zhu,; P. P. Wei,; L. Ji,; Y. B. Guo,; S. Y. Gao,; Y. L. Luo,; Z. M. Wang, et al. An ultrasmall Ru2P nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide hybrid: An efficient electrocatalyst for NH3 synthesis under ambient conditions. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 77-81.
[11]
G. R. Deng,; T. Wang,; A. A. Alshehri,; K. A. Alzahrani,; Y. Wang,; H. J. Ye,; Y. L. Luo,; X. P. Sun, Improving the electrocatalytic N2 reduction activity of Pd nanoparticles through surface modification. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2019, 7, 21674-21677.
[12]
D. Bao,; Q. Zhang,; F. L. Meng,; H. X. Zhong,; M. M. Shi,; Y. Zhang,; J. M. Yan,; Q. Jiang,; X. B. Zhang, Electrochemical reduction of N2 under ambient conditions for artificial N2 fixation and renewable energy storage using N2/NH3 cycle. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1604799.
[13]
H. M. Liu,; S. H. Han,; Y. Zhao,; Y. Y. Zhu,; X. L. Tian,; J. H. Zeng,; J. X. Jiang,; B. Y. Xia,; Y. Chen, Surfactant-free atomically ultrathin rhodium nanosheet nanoassemblies for efficient nitrogen electroreduction. J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 3211-3217.
[14]
W. Xiong,; X. Cheng,; T. Wang,; Y. S. Luo,; J. Feng,; S. Y. Lu,; A. M. Asiri,; W. Li,; Z. J. Jiang,; X. P. Sun, Co3(hexahydroxytriphenylene)2: A conductive metal-organic framework for ambient electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3. Nano Res. 2020, 13, 1008-1012.
[15]
Y. Wang,; M. M. Shi,; D. Bao,; F. L. Meng,; Q. Zhang,; Y. T. Zhou,; K. H. Liu,; Y. Zhang,; J. Z. Wang,; Z. W. Chen, et al. Generating defect-rich bismuth for enhancing the rate of nitrogen electroreduction to ammonia. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 9464-9469.
[16]
J. Wang,; Y. P. Liu,; H. Zhang,; D. J. Huang,; K. Chu, Ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction on a MoO2/graphene hybrid: Experimental and DFT studies. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2019, 9, 4248-4254.
[17]
X. Cheng,; J. W. Wang,; W. Xiong,; T. Wang,; T. W. Wu,; S. Y. Lu,; G. Chen,; S. Y. Gao,; X. F. Shi,; Z. J. Jiang, et al. Greatly enhanced electrocatalytic N2 reduction over V2O3/C by P doping. ChemNanoMat, in press, .
[18]
Q. Qin,; Y. Zhao,; M. Schmallegger,; T. Heil,; J. Schmidt,; R. Walczak,; G. Gescheidt-Demner,; H. J. Jiao,; M. Oschatz, Enhanced electrocatalytic N2 reduction via partial anion substitution in titanium oxide-carbon composites. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 13101-13106.
[19]
T. Xu,; D. W. Ma,; C. B. Li,; Q. Liu,; S. Y. Lu,; A. M. Asiri,; C. Yang,; X. P. Sun, Ambient electrochemical NH3 synthesis from N2 and water enabled by ZrO2 nanoparticles. Chem. Commun. 2020, 56, 3673-3676.
[20]
T. W. Wu,; H. T. Zhao,; X. J. Zhu,; Z. Xing,; Q. Liu,; T. Liu,; S. Y. Gao,; S. Y. Lu,; G. Chen,; A. M. Asiri, et al. Identifying the origin of Ti3+ activity toward enhanced electrocatalytic N2 reduction over TiO2 nanoparticles modulated by mixed-valent copper. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 2000299.
[21]
Y. P. Liu,; Y. B. Li,; D. J. Huang,; H. Zhang,; K. Chu, ZnO quantum dots coupled with graphene toward electrocatalytic N2 reduction: Experimental and DFT investigations. Chem.—Eur. J. 2019, 25, 11933-11939.
[22]
L. Xia,; B. H. Li,; Y. Zhang,; R. Zhang,; L. Ji,; H. Y. Chen,; G. W. Cui,; H. G. Zheng,; X. P. Sun, et al. Cr2O3 nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide hybrid: A highly active electrocatalyst for N2 reduction at ambient conditions. Inorg. Chem. 2019, 58, 2257-2260.
[23]
X. Lv,; F. Y. Wang,; J. Du,; Q. Liu,; Y. S. Luo,; S. Y. Lu,; G. Chen,; S. Y. Gao,; B. Z. Zheng,; X. P. Sun, Sn dendrites for electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 under ambient conditions. Sustain. Energy Fuels, in press, .
[24]
L. L. Zhang,; L. X. Ding,; G. F. Chen,; X. F. Yang,; H. H. Wang, Ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions: Selective electroreduction of dinitrogen to ammonia on black phosphorus nanosheets. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 2612-2616.
[25]
J. X. Zhao,; B. Wang,; Q. Zhou,; H. B. Wang,; X. H. Li,; H. Y. Chen,; Q. Wei,; D. Wu,; Y. L. Luo,; J. M. You, et al. Efficient electrohydrogenation of N2 to NH3 by oxidized carbon nanotubes under ambient conditions. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 4997-5000.
[26]
W. B. Qiu,; X. Y. Xie,; J. D. Qiu,; W. H. Fang,; R. P. Liang,; X. Ren,; X. Q. Ji,; G. W. Cui,; A. M. Asiri,; G. L. Cui, et al. High- performance artificial nitrogen fixation at ambient conditions using a metal-free electrocatalyst. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 3485.
[27]
X. J. Zhu,; T. W. Wu,; L. Ji,; C. B. Li,; T. Wang,; S. H. Wen,; S. Y. Gao,; X. F. Shi,; Y. L. Luo,; Q. L. Peng, et al. Ambient electrohydrogenation of N2 for NH3 synthesis on non-metal boron phosphide nanoparticles: The critical role of P in boosting the catalytic activity. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 16117-16121.
[28]
X. X. Zhang,; T. W. Wu,; H. B. Wang,; R. B. Zhao,; H. Y. Chen,; T. Wang,; P. P. Wei,; Y. L. Luo,; Y. N. Zhang,; X. P. Sun, Boron nanosheet: An elemental two-dimensional (2D) material for ambient electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 fixation in neutral media. ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 4609-4615.
[29]
Y. Zhang,; H. T. Du,; Y. J. Ma,; L. Ji,; H. R. Guo,; Z. Q. Tian,; H. Y. Chen,; H. Huang,; G. W. Cui,; A. M. Asiri, et al. Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet for effective ambient N2 fixation to NH3. Nano Res. 2019, 12, 919-924.
[30]
C. Y. Ling,; X. W. Bai,; Y. X. Ouyang,; A. J. Du,; J. L. Wang, Single molybdenum atom anchored on N-doped carbon as a promising electrocatalyst for nitrogen reduction into ammonia at ambient conditions. J. Phys. Chem. C 2018, 122, 16842-16847.
[31]
H. P. Jia,; E. A. Quadrelli, Mechanistic aspects of dinitrogen cleavage and hydrogenation to produce ammonia in catalysis and organometallic chemistry: Relevance of metal hydride bonds and dihydrogen. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 547-564.
[32]
V. Jaccarino,; R. G. Shulman,; J. W. Stou, Nuclear magnetic resonance in paramagnetic iron group fluorides. Phys. Rev. 1957, 106, 602-603.
[33]
L. L. Zhang,; G. F. Chen,; L. X. Ding,; H. H. Wang, Advanced non-metallic catalysts for electrochemical nitrogen reduction under ambient conditions. Chem.—Eur. J. 2019, 25, 12464-12485.
[34]
C. S. Huang,; Y. J. Li,; N. Wang,; Y. R. Xue,; Z. C. Zuo,; H. B. Liu,; Y. L. Li, Progress in research into 2D graphdiyne-based materials. Chem. Rev. 2018, 118, 7744-7803.
[35]
Y. C. Wan,; J. C. Xu,; R. T. Lv, Heterogeneous electrocatalysts design for nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient conditions. Mater. Today 2019, 27, 69-90.
[36]
X. F. Li,; Q. K. Li,; J. Cheng,; L. L. Liu,; Q. Yan,; Y. C. Wu,; X. H. Zhang,; Z. Y. Wang,; Q. Qiu,; Y. Luo, Conversion of dinitrogen to ammonia by FeN3-embedded graphene. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 8706-8709.
[37]
X. Y. Cui,; C. Tang,; Q. Zhang, A review of electrocatalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia under ambient conditions. Adv. Energy Mater. 2018, 8, 1800369.
[38]
K. A. Brown,; D. F. Harris,; M. B. Wilker,; A. Rasmussen,; N. Khadka,; H. Hamby,; S. Keable,; G. Dukovic,; J. W. Peters,; L. C. Seefeldt, et al. Light-driven dinitrogen reduction catalyzed by a CdS: Nitrogenase MoFe protein biohybrid. Science 2016, 352, 448-450.
[39]
J. S. Anderson,; G. E. Cutsail III,; J. Rittle,; B. A. Connor,; W. A. Gunderson,; L. M. Zhang,; B. M. Hoffman,; J. C. Peters, Characterization of an Fe≡N-NH2 intermediate relevant to catalytic N2 reduction to NH3. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 7803-7809.
[40]
Z. Wang,; F. Gong,; L. Zhang,; R. Wang,; L. Ji,; Q. Liu,; Y. L. Luo,; H. R. Guo,; Y. H. Li,; P. Gao, et al. Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of N2 to NH3 by MnO: Experimental and theoretical investigations. Adv. Sci. 2019, 6, 1801182.
[41]
P. P. Wei,; H. T. Xie,; X. J. Zhu,; R. B. Zhao,; L. Ji,; X. Tong,; Y. S. Luo,; G. W. Cui,; Z. M. Wang,; X. P. Sun, CoS2 nanoparticles- embedded N-doped carbon nanobox derived from ZIF-67 for electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 fixation under ambient conditions. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2020, 8, 29-33.
[42]
P. Zhao,; Z. S. Lu,; S. T. Liu, Manganese-doped CeO2 nanocubes for catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene: An experimental and density functional theory study. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2018, 18, 3348-3355.
[43]
C. Y. Ling,; Y. X. Ouyang,; Q. Li,; X. W. Bai,; X. Mao,; A. J. Du,; J. L. Wang, A general two-step strategy-based high-throughput screening of single atom catalysts for nitrogen fixation. Small Methods 2019, 3, 1800376.
[44]
F. L. Lai,; J. R. Feng,; X. B. Ye,; W. Zong,; G. J. He,; C. Yang,; W. Wang,; Y. E. Miao,; B. C. Pan,; W. S. Yan, et al. Oxygen vacancy engineering in spinel-structured nanosheet wrapped hollow polyhedra for electrochemical nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 1652-1659.
[45]
X. Y. Cui,; C. Tang,; X. M. Liu,; C. Wang,; W. J. Ma,; Q. Zhang, Highly selective electrochemical reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia at ambient temperature and pressure over iron oxide catalysts. Chem.—Eur. J. 2018, 24, 18494-18501.
[46]
B. Xu,; L. Xia,; F. L. Zhou,; R. B. Zhao,; H. Y. Chen,; T. Wang,; Q. Zhou,; Q. Liu,; G. W. Cui,; X. L. Xiong, et al. Enhancing electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 by CeO2 nanorod with oxygen vacancies. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2019, 7, 2889-2893.
[47]
L. Zhang,; X. Q. Ji,; X. Ren,; Y. J. Ma,; X. F. Shi,; Z. Q. Tian,; A. M. Asiri,; L. Chen,; B. Tang,; X. P. Sun, Electrochemical ammonia synthesis via nitrogen reduction reaction on a MoS2 catalyst: Theoretical and experimental studies. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1800191.
[48]
Y. T. Luo,; X. X. Chen,; J. Y. Yu,; B. Ding, Carbon-nanoplated CoS@TiO2 nanofibrous membrane: An interface-engineered heterojunction for high-efficiency electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 131, 19079-19083.
[49]
T. W. Wu,; W. H. Kong,; Y. Zhang,; Z. Xing,; J. X. Zhao,; T. Wang,; X. F. Shi,; Y. L. Luo,; X. P. Sun, Greatly enhanced electrocatalytic N2 reduction on TiO2 via V doping. Small Methods 2019, 3, 1900356.
[50]
Q. Q. Li,; Y. L. Guo,; Y. Tian,; W. M. Liu,; K. Chu, Activating VS2 basal planes for enhanced NRR electrocatalysis: The synergistic role of S-vacancies and B dopants. J. Mater. Chem. A, in press, .
[51]
Y. Wang,; K. Jia,; Q. Pan,; Y. D. Xu,; Q. Liu,; G. W. Cui,; X. D. Guo,; X. P. Sun, Boron-doped TiO2 for efficient electrocatalytic N2 fixation to NH3 at ambient conditions. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2019, 7, 117-122.
[52]
B. Y. Li,; X. J. Zhu,; J. W. Wang,; R. M. Xing,; Q. Liu,; X. F. Shi,; Y. L. Luo,; S. H. Liu,; X. B. Niu,; X. P. Sun, Ti3+ self-doped TiO2−x nanowires for efficient electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3. Chem. Commun. 2020, 56, 1074-1077.
[53]
W. Tong,; B. L. Huang,; P. T. Wang,; Q. Shao,; X. Q. Huang, Exposed facet-controlled N2 electroreduction on distinct Pt3Fe nanostructures of nanocubes, nanorods and nanowires. Natl. Sci. Rev., in press, .
[54]
X. X. Zhang,; Q. Liu,; X. F. Shi,; A. M. Asiri,; Y. L. Luo,; X. P. Sun,; T. S. Li, TiO2 nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide hybrid: An efficient and durable electrocatalyst toward artificial N2 fixation to NH3 under ambient conditions. J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 17303-17306.
[55]
J. R. Han,; Z. C. Liu,; Y. J. Ma,; G. W. Cui,; F. Y. Xie,; F. X. Wang,; Y. P. Wu,; S. Y. Gao,; Y. H. Xu,; X. P. Sun, Ambient N2 fixation to NH3 at ambient conditions: Using Nb2O5 nanofiber as a high- performance electrocatalyst. Nano Energy 2018, 52, 264-270.
[56]
Y. Zhang,; W. B. Qiu,; Y. J. Ma,; Y. L. Luo,; Z. Q. Tian,; G. W. Cui,; F. Y. Xie,; L. Chen,; T. S. Li,; X. P. Sun, High-performance electrohydrogenation of N2 to NH3 catalyzed by multishelled hollow Cr2O3 microspheres under ambient conditions. ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 8540-8544.
[57]
M. Ali,; F. L. Zhou,; K. Chen,; C. Kotzur,; C. L. Xiao,; L. Bourgeois,; X. Y. Zhang,; D. R. MacFarlane, Nanostructured photoelectrochemical solar cell for nitrogen reduction using plasmon-enhanced black silicon. Nat. Commun. 2016, 7, 11335.
[58]
C. Y. Ling,; X. H. Niu,; Q. Li,; A. J. Du,; J. L. Wang, Metal-free single atom catalyst for N2 fixation driven by visible light. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 14161-14168.
[59]
S. Linic,; P. Christopher,; D. B. Ingram, Plasmonic-metal nanostructures for efficient conversion of solar to chemical energy. Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 911-921.
[60]
C. X. Guo,; J. R. Ran,; A. Vasileff,; S. Z. Qiao, Rational design of electrocatalysts and photo(electro)catalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NH3) under ambient conditions. Energy Environ. Sci. 2018, 11, 45-56.
[61]
J. X. Zhao,; Z. F. Chen, Single Mo atom supported on defective boron nitride monolayer as an efficient electrocatalyst for nitrogen fixation: A computational study. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 12480-12487.
[62]
M. Kitano,; S. Kanbara,; Y. Inoue,; N. Kuganathan,; P. Sushko,; T. Yokoyama,; M. Hara,; H. Hosono, Electride support boosts nitrogen dissociation over ruthenium catalyst and shifts the bottleneck in ammonia synthesis. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 6731.
[63]
J. X. Zhao,; L. Zhang,; X. Y. Xie,; X. H. Li,; Y. J. Ma,; Q. Liu,; W. H. Fang,; X. F. Shi,; G. L. Cui,; X. P. Sun, Ti3C2Tx (T = F, OH) MXene nanosheets: Conductive 2D catalysts for ambient electrohydrogenation of N2 to NH3. J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 24031-24035.
[64]
I. Roger,; M. A. Shipman,; M. D. Symes, Earth-abundant catalysts for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Nat. Rev. Chem. 2017, 1, 0003.
[65]
S. L. Zhao,; X. Y. Lu,; L. Z. Wang,; J. Gale,; R. Amal, Carbon-based metal-free catalysts for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrogen for synthesis of ammonia at ambient conditions. Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1805367.
[66]
K. Chu,; Y. P. Liu,; Y. B. Li,; H. Zhang,; Y. Tian, Efficient electrocatalytic N2 reduction on CoO quantum dots. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 4389-4394.
[67]
M. T. Nguyen,; N. Seriani,; R. Gebauer, Nitrogen electrochemically reduced to ammonia with hematite: Density-functional insights. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 14317-14322.
[68]
J. M. Kong,; A. Lim,; C. Yoon,; J. H. Jang,; H. C. Ham,; J. Han,; S. Nam,; D. Kim,; Y. E. Sung,; J. Choi, et al. Electrochemical synthesis of NH3 at low temperature and atmospheric pressure using a γ-Fe2O3 catalyst. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2017, 5, 10986-10995.
[69]
C. W. Liu,; Q. Y. Li,; C. Z. Wu,; J. Zhang,; Y. G. Jin,; D. R. MacFarlane,; C. H. Sun, Single-boron catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 2884-2888.
[70]
S. M. Chen,; S. Perathoner,; C. Ampelli,; C. Mebrahtu,; D. S. Su,; G. Centi, Electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia at room temperature and atmospheric pressure from water and nitrogen on a carbon- nanotube-based electrocatalyst. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 2699-2703.
[71]
X. J. Xiang,; Z. Wang,; X. F. Shi,; M. K. Fan,; X. P. Sun, Ammonia synthesis from electrocatalytic N2 reduction under ambient conditions by Fe2O3 nanorods. ChemCatChem 2018, 10, 4530-4535.
[72]
J. Li,; X. J. Zhu,; T. Wang,; Y. L. Luo,; X. P. Sun, An Fe2O3 nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide composite for ambient electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3. Inorg. Chem. Front. 2019, 6, 2682-2685.
[73]
X. J. Zhu,; Z. C. Liu,; Q. Liu,; Y. L. Luo,; X. F. Shi,; A. M. Asiri,; Y. P. Wu,; X. P. Sun, Efficient and durable N2 reduction electrocatalysis under ambient conditions: β-FeOOH nanorods as a non-noble-metal catalyst. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54, 11332-11335.
[74]
Y. Song,; D. Johnson,; R. Peng,; D. K. Hensley,; P. V. Bonnesen,; L. B. Liang,; J. S. Huang,; F. C. Yang,; F. Zhang,; R. Qiao, et al. A physical catalyst for the electrolysis of nitrogen to ammonia. Sci. Adv.. 2018, 4, e1700336.
[75]
X. J. Zhu,; Z. C. Liu,; H. B. Wang,; R. B. Zhao,; H. Y. Chen,; T. Wang,; F. X. Wang,; Y. L. Luo,; Y. P. Wu,; X. P. Sun, Boosting electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 on β-FeOOH by fluorine doping. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 3987-3990.
[76]
X. J. Zhu,; J. X. Zhao,; L. Ji,; T. W. Wu,; T. Wang,; S. Y. Gao,; A. A. Alshehri,; K. A. Alzahrani,; Y. L. Luo,; Y. M. Xiang, et al. FeOOH quantum dots decorated graphene sheet: An efficient electrocatalyst for ambient N2 reduction. Nano Res. 2020, 13, 209-214.
[77]
Q. Liu,; X. X. Zhang,; B. Zhang,; Y. L. Luo,; G. W. Cui,; F. Y. Xie,; X. P. Sun, Ambient N2 fixation to NH3 electrocatalyzed by a spinel Fe3O4 nanorod. Nanoscale 2018, 10, 14386-14389.
[78]
B. H. R. Suryanto,; C. S. M. Kang,; D. B. Wang,; C. L. Xiao,; F. L. Zhou,; L. M. Azofra,; L. Cavallo,; X. Y. Zhang,; D. R. MacFarlane, Rational electrode-electrolyte design for efficient ammonia electrosynthesis under ambient conditions. ACS Energy Lett. 2018, 3, 1219-1224.
[79]
L. Hu,; A. Khaniya,; J. Wang,; G. Chen,; W. E. Kaden,; X. F. Feng, Ambient electrochemical ammonia synthesis with high selectivity on Fe/Fe oxide catalyst. ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 9312-9319.
[80]
T. W. Wu,; X. J. Zhu,; Z. Xing,; S. Y. Mou,; C. B. Li,; Y. X. Qiao,; Q. Liu,; Y. L. Luo,; X. F. Shi,; Y. N. Zhang, et al. Greatly improving electrochemical N2 reduction over TiO2 nanoparticles by iron doping. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 18449-18453.
[81]
S. Zhang,; G. Y. Duan,; L. L. Qiao,; Y. Tang,; Y. M. Chen,; Y. Z. Sun,; P. Y. Wan,; S. J. Zhang, Electrochemical ammonia synthesis from N2 and H2O catalyzed by doped LaFeO3 perovskite under mild conditions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2019, 58, 8935-8939.
[82]
C. B. Li,; D. W. Ma,; S. Y. Mou,; Y. S. Luo,; B. Y. Ma,; S. Y. Lu,; G. W. Cui,; Q. Li,; Q. Liu,; X. P. Sun, Porous LaFeO3 nanofiber with oxygen vacancies as an efficient electrocatalyst for N2 conversion to NH3 under ambient conditions. J. Energy Chem. 2020, 50, 402-408.
[83]
Y. Wang,; X. Q. Cui,; J. X. Zhao,; G. R. Jia,; L. Gu,; Q. H. Zhang,; L. K. Meng,; Z. Shi,; L. R. Zheng,; C. Y. Wang, et al. Rational design of Fe-N/C hybrid for enhanced nitrogen reduction electrocatalysis under ambient conditions in aqueous solution. ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 336-344.
[84]
C. He,; Z. Y. Wu,; L. Zhao,; M. Ming,; Y. Zhang,; Y. P. Yi,; J. S. Hu, Identification of FeN4 as an efficient active site for electrochemical N2 reduction. ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 7311-7317.
[85]
X. R. Zhao,; F. X. Yin,; N. Liu,; G. R. Li,; T. X. Fan,; B. H. Chen, Highly efficient metal-organic-framework catalysts for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from N2 (air) and water at low temperature and ambient pressure. J. Mater. Sci. 2017, 52, 10175-10185.
[86]
Z. W. Chen,; J. M. Yan,; Q. Jiang, Single or double: Which is the altar of atomic catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction? Small Methods 2019, 3, 1800291.
[87]
F. Lü,; S. Z. Zhao,; R. J. Guo,; J. He,; X. Y. Peng,; H. H. Bao,; J. T. Fu,; L. L. Han,; G. C. Qi,; J. Luo, et al. Nitrogen-coordinated single Fe sites for efficient electrocatalytic N2 fixation in neutral media. Nano Energy 2019, 61, 420-427.
[88]
X. H. Zhao,; X. Lan,; D. K. Yu,; H. Fu,; Z. M. Liu,; T. C. Mu, Deep eutectic-solvothermal synthesis of nanostructured Fe3S4 for electrochemical N2 fixation under ambient conditions. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54, 13010-13013.
[89]
W. Xiong,; Z. Guo,; S. J. Zhao,; Q. Wang,; Q. Y. Xu,; X. W. Wang, Facile, cost-effective plasma synthesis of self-supportive FeSx on Fe foam for efficient electrochemical reduction of N2 under ambient conditions. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 19977-19983.
[90]
X. J. Zhu,; T. W. Wu,; L. Ji,; Q. Liu,; Y. L. Luo,; G. W. Cui,; Y. M. Xiang,; Y. N. Zhang,; B. Z. Zheng,; X. P. Sun, Unusual electrochemical N2 reduction activity in an earth-abundant iron catalyst via phosphorous modulation. Chem. Commun. 2020, 56, 731-734.
[91]
B. Liu,; X. B. Zhang,; H. Shioyama,; T. Mukai,; T. Sakai,; Q. Xu, Converting cobalt oxide subunits in cobalt metal-organic framework into agglomerated Co3O4 nanoparticles as an electrode material for lithium ion battery. J. Power Sources 2010, 195, 857-861.
[92]
Y. Y. Liang,; Y. G. Li,; H. L. Wang,; J. G. Zhou,; J. Wang,; T. Regier,; H. J. Dai, Co3O4 nanocrystals on graphene as a synergistic catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 780-786.
[93]
J. Yang,; C. Yu,; X. M. Fan,; S. X. Liang,; S. F. Li,; H. W. Huang,; Z. Ling,; C. Hao,; J. S. Qiu, Electroactive edge site-enriched nickel-cobalt sulfide into graphene frameworks for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9, 1299-1307.
[94]
J. H. Wang,; W. Cui,; Q. Liu,; Z. C. Xing,; A. M. Asiri,; X. P. Sun, Recent progress in cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical water splitting. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 215-230.
[95]
S. J. Luo,; X. M. Li,; B. H. Zhang,; Z. L. Luo,; M. Luo, MOF-derived Co3O4@NC with core-shell structures for N2 electrochemical reduction under ambient conditions. ACS Appl. Mater. Interface 2019, 11, 26891-26897.
[96]
J. Zhang,; X. Y. Tian,; M. J. Liu,; H. Guo,; J. D. Zhou,; Q. Y. Fang,; Z. Liu,; Q. Wu,; J. Lou, Cobalt-modulated molybdenum-dinitrogen interaction in MoS2 for catalyzing ammonia synthesis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 19269-19275.
[97]
H. Wang,; S. F. Zhuo,; Y. Liang,; X. L. Han,; B. Zhang, General self-template synthesis of transition-metal oxide and chalcogenide mesoporous nanotubes with enhanced electrochemical performances. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 9055-9059.
[98]
P. Z. Chen,; N. Zhang,; S. B. Wang,; T. P. Zhou,; Y. Tong,; C. C. Ao,; W. S. Yan,; L. D. Zhang,; W. S. Chu,; C. Z. Wu, et al. Interfacial engineering of cobalt sulfide/graphene hybrids for highly efficient ammonia electrosynthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2019, 116, 6635-6640.
[99]
W. H. Guo,; Z. B. Liang,; J. L. Zhao,; B. J. Zhu,; K. T. Cai,; R. Q. Zou,; Q. Xu, Hierarchical cobalt phosphide hollow nanocages toward electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis under ambient pressure and room temperature. Small Methods 2018, 2, 1800204.
[100]
S. B. Zhang,; W. B. Gong,; Y. Lv,; H. J. Wang,; M. M. Han,; G. Z. Wang,; T. F. Shi,; H. M. Zhang, A pyrolysis-phosphorization approach to fabricate carbon nanotubes with embedded CoP nanoparticles for ambient electrosynthesis of ammonia. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 12376-12379.
[101]
K. Chu,; Y. P. Liu,; J. Wang,; H. Zhang, NiO nanodots on graphene for efficient electrochemical N2 reduction to NH3. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2019, 2, 2288-2295.
[102]
N. Zhang,; A. Jalil,; D. X. Wu,; S. M. Chen,; Y. F. Liu,; C. Gao,; W. Ye,; Z. M. Qi,; H. X. Ju,; C. M. Wang, et al. Refining defect states in W18O49 by Mo doping: A strategy for tuning N2 activation towards solar-driven nitrogen fixation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 9434-9443.
[103]
Y. B. Li,; Y. P. Liu,; J. Wang,; Y. L. Guo,; K. Chu, Plasma-engineered NiO nanosheets with enriched oxygen vacancies for enhanced electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation. Inorg. Chem. Front. 2020, 7, 455-463.
[104]
X. H. Wang,; J. Wang,; Y. B. Li,; K. Chu, Nitrogen-doped NiO nanosheet array for boosted electrocatalytic N2 reduction. ChemCatChem 2019, 11, 4529-4536.
[105]
Y. J. Chen,; B. Wu,; B. L. Sun,; N. Wang,; W. C. Hu,; S. Komarneni, N-Doped porous carbon self-generated on nickel oxide nanosheets for electrocatalytic N2 fixation with a faradaic efficiency beyond 30%. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2019, 7, 18874-18883.
[106]
J. Wang,; H. Jang,; G. K. Li,; M. G. Kim,; Z. X. Wu,; X. E. Liu,; J. Cho, Efficient electrocatalytic conversion of N2 to NH3 on NiWO4 under ambient conditions. Nanoscale 2020, 12, 1478-1483.
[107]
X. X. Guo,; W. C. Yi,; F. L. Qu,; L. M. Lu, New insights into mechanisms on electrochemical N2 reduction reaction driven by efficient zero-valence Cu nanoparticles. J. Power Sources 2020, 448, 227417.
[108]
C. B. Li,; S. Y. Mou,; X. J. Zhu,; F. Y. Wang,; Y. T. Wang,; Y. X. Qiao,; X. F. Shi,; Y. L. Luo,; B. Z. Zheng,; Q. Li, et al. Dendritic Cu: A high-efficiency electrocatalyst for N2 fixation to NH3 under ambient conditions. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 14474-14477.
[109]
Y. X. Lin,; S. N. Zhang,; Z. H. Xue,; J. J. Zhang,; H. Su,; T. J. Zhao,; G. Y. Zhai,; X. H. Li,; M. Antonietti,; J. S. Chen, Boosting selective nitrogen reduction to ammonia on electron-deficient copper nanoparticles. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 4380.
[110]
W. Tong,; B. L. Huang,; P. T. Wang,; L. G. Li,; Q. Shao,; X. Q. Huang, Crystal-phase-engineered PdCu electrocatalyst for enhanced ammonia synthesis. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 2649-2653.
[111]
Y. Q. Liu,; L. Huang,; X. Y. Zhu,; Y. X. Fang,; S. J. Dong, Coupling Cu with Au for enhanced electrocatalytic activity of nitrogen reduction reaction. Nanoscale 2020, 12, 1811-1816.
[112]
Y. M. Cao,; P. P. Li,; T. T. Wu,; M. L. Liu,; Y. Y. Zhang, Electrocatalysis of N2 to NH3 by HKUST-1 with high NH3 yield. Chem.—Asian J. 2020, 15, 1272-1276.
[113]
F. Wang,; Y. P. Liu,; H. Zhang,; K. Chu, CuO/graphene nanocomposite for nitrogen reduction reaction. ChemCatChem 2019, 11, 1441-1447.
[114]
S. B. Zhang,; C. J. Zhao,; Y. Y. Liu,; W. Y. Li,; J. L. Wang,; G. Z. Wang,; Y. X. Zhang,; H. M. Zhang,; H. J. Zhao, Cu doping in CeO2 to form multiple oxygen vacancies for dramatically enhanced ambient N2 reduction performance. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 2952-2955.
[115]
H. Huang,; F. M. Li,; Q. Xue,; Y. Zhang,; S. W. Yin,; Y. Chen, Salt- templated construction of ultrathin cobalt doped iron thiophosphite nanosheets toward electrochemical ammonia synthesis. Small 2019, 15, 1903500.
[116]
M. I. Ahmed,; S. Chen,; W. H. Ren,; X. J. Chen,; C. Zhao, Synergistic bimetallic CoFe2O4 clusters supported on graphene for ambient electrocatalytic reduction of nitrogen to ammonia. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 12184-12187.
[117]
X. K. Wu,; Z. C. Wang,; Y. Han,; D. Zhang,; M. H. Wang,; H. D. Li,; H. Zhao,; Y. Pan,; J. P. Lai,; L. Wang, Chemically coupled NiCoS/C nanocages as efficient electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction reactions. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 543-547.
[118]
W. Z. Fu,; Y. D. Cao,; Q. Y. Feng,; W. R. Smith,; P. Dong,; M. X. Ye,; J. F. Shen, Pd-Co nanoalloys nested on CuO nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic N2 reduction and room-temperature Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. Nanoscale 2019, 11, 1379-1385.
[119]
L. P. Yuan,; Z. Y. Wu,; W. J. Jiang,; T. Tang,; S. Niu,; J. S. Hu, Phosphorus-doping activates carbon nanotubes for efficient electroreduction of nitrogen to ammonia. Nano Res. 2020, 13, 1376-1382.
[120]
C. Tang,; R. Zhang,; W. B. Lu,; Z. Wang,; D. N. Liu,; S. Hao,; G. Du,; A. M. Asiri,; X. P. Sun, Energy-saving electrolytic hydrogen generation: Ni2P nanoarray as a high-performance non-noble-metal electrocatalyst. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 842-846.
[121]
J. M. Wang,; X. Ma,; T. T. Liu,; D. N. Liu,; S. Hao,; G. Du,; R. M. Kong,; A. M. Asiri,; X. P. Sun, NiS2 nanosheet array: A high-active bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation and water reduction toward energy-efficient hydrogen production. Mater. Today Energy 2017, 3, 9-14.
[122]
D. N. Liu,; T. T. Liu,; L. X. Zhang,; F. L. Qu,; G. Du,; A. M. Asiri,; X. P. Sun, High-performance urea electrolysis towards less energy- intensive electrochemical hydrogen production using a bifunctional catalyst electrode. J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 3208-3213.