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Research Article

Vertically aligned reduced graphene oxide/Ti3C2Tx MXene hybrid hydrogel for highly efficient solar steam generation

Wei Li1, Xiaofeng Li1( ), Wei Chang1, Jing Wu1, Pengfei Liu1, Jianjun Wang2, Xi Yao3, Zhong-Zhen Yu1,4( )
State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Abstract

Effective utilization of abundant solar energy for desalination of seawater and purification of wastewater is one of sustainable techniques for production of clean water, helping relieve global water resource shortage. Herein, we fabricate a vertically aligned reduced graphene oxide/Ti3C2Tx MXene (A-RGO/MX) hybrid hydrogel with aligned channels as an independent solar steam generation device for highly efficient solar steam generation. The vertically aligned channels, generated by a liquid nitrogen- assisted directional-freezing process, not only rapidly transport water upward to the evaporation surface for efficient solar steam generation, but also facilitate multiple reflections of solar light inside the channels for efficient solar light absorption. The deliberate slight reduction endows the RGO with plenty of polar groups, decreasing the water vaporization enthalpy effectively and hence accelerating water evaporation efficiently. The MXene sheets, infiltrated inside the A-RGO hydrogel on the basis of Marangoni effect, enhance light absorption capacity and photothermal conversion performance. As a result, the A-RGO/MX hybrid hydrogel achieves a water evaporation rate of 2.09 kg·m-2·h-1 with a high conversion efficiency of 93.5% under 1-sun irradiation. Additionally, this photothermal conversion hydrogel rapidly desalinates seawater and purifies wastewater to generate clean water with outstanding ion rejection rates of above 99% for most ions.

Keywords

anisotropic hydrogelMXenereduced graphene oxidesolar steam generationaligned channels

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 13 Issue 11,
November 2020
Pages 3048-3056
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-2970-y
Cite this article:
Li W, Li X, Chang W, et al. Vertically aligned reduced graphene oxide/Ti3C2Tx MXene hybrid hydrogel for highly efficient solar steam generation. Nano Research, 2020, 13(11): 3048-3056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2970-y
Topics:
GrapheneIrradiationLight absoptionSolar energy

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Received: 22 March 2020
Revised: 29 May 2020
Accepted: 03 July 2020
Published: 18 August 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
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