Journal Home > Volume 14 , Issue 2
Nano Research 2021, 14(2): 369-375 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2874-x
Research Article | Issue | Published: 03 July 2020

Two-dimensional d-π conjugated metal-organic framework based on hexahydroxytrinaphthylene

Show Author's Information Zheng Meng,  Katherine A. Mirica( )
Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, 41 College Street, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
Keywords:
two-dimensional, metal-organic framework (MOF), trinaphthylene, conductive MOF
Topics:
Ammonium hydroxideElectronic propertiesEnergy gapMetalsNanocrystalline materials Organic frameworks Organic polymersOrganometallics
Cite this article:
Meng Z, Mirica KA. Two-dimensional d-π conjugated metal-organic framework based on hexahydroxytrinaphthylene. Nano Research, 2021, 14(2): 369-375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2874-x
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

712

Views

69

Downloads

Citations

51

Crossref

N/A

WoS

44

Scopus

4

CSCD

Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

The development of new two-dimensional (2D) d-π conjugated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) holds great promise for the construction of a new generation of porous and semiconductive materials. This paper describes the synthesis, structural characterization, and electronic properties of a new d-π conjugated 2D MOF based on the use of a new ligand 2,3,8,9,14,15- hexahydroxytrinaphthylene. The reticular self-assembly of this large π-conjugated organic building block with Cu(II) ions in a mixed solvent system of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) and H2O with the addition of ammonia water or ethylenediamine leads to a highly crystalline MOF Cu3(HHTN)2, which possesses pore aperture of 2.5 nm. Cu3(HHTN)2 MOF shows moderate electrical conductivity of 9.01 × 10-8 S·cm-1 at 385 K and temperature-dependent band gap ranging from 0.75 to 1.65 eV. After chemical oxidation by I2, the conductivity of Cu3(HHTN)2 can be increased by 360 times. This access to HHTN based MOF adds an important member to previously reported MOF systems with hexagonal lattice, paving the way towards systematic studies of structure-property relationships of semiconductive MOFs.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Two-dimensional d-π conjugated metal-organic framework based on hexahydroxytrinaphthylene

Show Author's information Zheng Meng, Katherine A. Mirica( )
Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, 41 College Street, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA

Abstract

The development of new two-dimensional (2D) d-π conjugated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) holds great promise for the construction of a new generation of porous and semiconductive materials. This paper describes the synthesis, structural characterization, and electronic properties of a new d-π conjugated 2D MOF based on the use of a new ligand 2,3,8,9,14,15- hexahydroxytrinaphthylene. The reticular self-assembly of this large π-conjugated organic building block with Cu(II) ions in a mixed solvent system of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) and H2O with the addition of ammonia water or ethylenediamine leads to a highly crystalline MOF Cu3(HHTN)2, which possesses pore aperture of 2.5 nm. Cu3(HHTN)2 MOF shows moderate electrical conductivity of 9.01 × 10-8 S·cm-1 at 385 K and temperature-dependent band gap ranging from 0.75 to 1.65 eV. After chemical oxidation by I2, the conductivity of Cu3(HHTN)2 can be increased by 360 times. This access to HHTN based MOF adds an important member to previously reported MOF systems with hexagonal lattice, paving the way towards systematic studies of structure-property relationships of semiconductive MOFs.

Keywords: two-dimensional, metal-organic framework (MOF), trinaphthylene, conductive MOF

References(76)

[1]
C. H. Hendon,; D. Tiana,; A. Walsh, Conductive metal-organic frameworks and networks: Fact or fantasy? Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 13120-13132.
DOI Google Scholar
[2]
G. Givaja,; P. Amo-Ochoa,; C. J. Gómez-García,; F. Zamora, Electrical conductive coordination polymers. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41, 115-147.
DOI Google Scholar
[3]
L. Sun,; M. G. Campbell,; M. Dincă, Electrically conductive porous metal-organic frameworks. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 3566-3579.
DOI Google Scholar
[4]
M. Ko,; L. Mendecki,; K. A. Mirica, Conductive two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks as multifunctional materials. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54, 7873-7891.
DOI Google Scholar
[5]
X. Huang,; P. Sheng,; Z. Y. Tu,; F. J. Zhang,; J. H. Wang,; H. Geng,; Y. Zou,; C. A. Di,; Y. P. Yi,; Y. M. Sun, et al. A two-dimensional π-d conjugated coordination polymer with extremely high electrical conductivity and ambipolar transport behaviour. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 7408.
DOI Google Scholar
[6]
M. Dincă,; F. Léonard, Metal-organic frameworks for electronics and photonics. MRS Bull. 2016, 41, 854-857.
DOI Google Scholar
[7]
G. D. Wu,; J. H. Huang,; Y. Zang,; J. He,; G. Xu, Porous field-effect transistors based on a semiconductive metal-organic framework. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 1360-1363.
DOI Google Scholar
[8]
M. G. Campbell,; S. F. Liu,; T. M. Swager,; M. Dincă, Chemiresistive sensor arrays from conductive 2D metal-organic frameworks. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 13780-13783.
DOI Google Scholar
[9]
M. G. Campbell,; D. Sheberla,; S. F. Liu,; T. M. Swager,; M. Dincă, Cu3(hexaiminotriphenylene)2: An electrically conductive 2D metal-organic framework for chemiresistive sensing. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 4349-4352.
DOI Google Scholar
[10]
M. K. Smith,; K. E. Jensen,; P. A. Pivak,; K. A. Mirica, Direct self-assembly of conductive nanorods of metal-organic frameworks into chemiresistive devices on shrinkable polymer films. Chem. Mater. 2016, 28, 5264-5268.
DOI Google Scholar
[11]
M. K. Smith,; K. A. Mirica, Self-organized frameworks on textiles (SOFT): Conductive fabrics for simultaneous sensing, capture, and filtration of gases. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 16759-16767.
DOI Google Scholar
[12]
M. G. Campbell,; M. Dincă, Metal-organic frameworks as active materials in electronic sensor devices. Sensors 2017, 17, 1108.
DOI Google Scholar
[13]
M. S. Yao,; X. J. Lv,; Z. H. Fu,; W. H. Li,; W. H. Deng,; G. D. Wu,; G. Xu, Layer-by-layer assembled conductive metal-organic framework nanofilms for room-temperature chemiresistive sensing. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2017, 129, 16737-16741.
DOI Google Scholar
[14]
L. Mendecki,; K. A. Mirica, Conductive metal-organic frameworks as ion-to-electron transducers in potentiometric sensors. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 19248-19257.
DOI Google Scholar
[15]
V. Rubio-Gimenez,; N. Almora-Barrios,; G. Escorcia-Ariza,; M. Galbiati,; M. Sessolo,; S. Tatay,; C. Marti-Gastaldo, Origin of the chemiresistive response of ultrathin films of conductive metal-organic frameworks. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 15086-15090.
DOI Google Scholar
[16]
Z. Meng,; A. Aykanat,; K. A. Mirica, Welding metallophthalocyanines into bimetallic molecular meshes for ultrasensitive, low-power chemiresistive detection of gases. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 2046-2053.
DOI Google Scholar
[17]
M. L. Aubrey,; M. T. Kapelewski,; J. F. Melville,; J. Oktawiec,; D. Presti,; L. Gagliardi,; J. R. Long, Chemiresistive detection of gaseous hydrocarbons and interrogation of charge transport in Cu[Ni(2,3-pyrazinedithiolate)2] by gas adsorption. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 5005-5013.
DOI Google Scholar
[18]
Z. Y. Wang,; T. Liu,; L. P. Jiang,; M. Asif,; X. Y. Qiu,; Y. Yu,; F. Xiao,; H. F. Liu, Assembling metal-organic frameworks into the fractal scale for sweat sensing. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 32310-32319.
DOI Google Scholar
[19]
Z. Meng,; R. M. Stolz,; L. Mendecki,; K. A. Mirica, Electrically-transduced chemical sensors based on two-dimensional nanomaterials. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 478-598.
DOI Google Scholar
[20]
L. E. Darago,; M. L. Aubrey,; C. J. Yu,; M. I. Gonzalez,; J. R. Long, Electronic conductivity, ferrimagnetic ordering, and reductive insertion mediated by organic mixed-valence in a ferric semiquinoid metal-organic framework. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 15703-15711.
DOI Google Scholar
[21]
J. A. DeGayner,; I. R. Jeon,; L. Sun,; M. Dincă,; T. D. Harris, 2D conductive iron-quinoid magnets ordering up to Tc = 105 K via heterogenous redox chemistry. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 4175-4184.
DOI Google Scholar
[22]
W. B. Li,; L. Sun,; J. S. Qi,; P. Jarillo-Herrero,; M. Dincă,; J. Li, High temperature ferromagnetism in π-conjugated two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks. Chem. Sci. 2017, 8, 2859-2867.
DOI Google Scholar
[23]
R. H. Dong,; Z. T. Zhang,; D. C. Tranca,; S. Q. Zhou,; M. C. Wang,; P. Adler,; Z. Q. Liao,; F. Liu,; Y. Sun,; W. J. Shi, et al. A coronene-based semiconducting two-dimensional metal-organic framework with ferromagnetic behavior. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 2637.
DOI Google Scholar
[24]
C. Q. Yang,; R. H. Dong,; M. Wang,; P. S. Petkov,; Z. T. Zhang,; M. C. Wang,; P. Han,; M. Ballabio,; S. A. Bräuninger,; Z. Q. Liao, et al. A semiconducting layered metal-organic framework magnet. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 3260.
DOI Google Scholar
[25]
C. A. Downes,; S. C. Marinescu, Efficient electrochemical and photoelectrochemical H2 production from water by a cobalt dithiolene one-dimensional metal-organic surface. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 13740-13743.
DOI Google Scholar
[26]
R. H. Dong,; M. Pfeffermann,; H. W. Liang,; Z. K. Zheng,; X. Zhu,; J. Zhang,; X. L. Feng, Large-area, free-standing, two-dimensional supramolecular polymer single-layer sheets for highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 12058-12063.
DOI Google Scholar
[27]
E. M. Miner,; T. Fukushima,; D. Sheberla,; L. Sun,; Y. Surendranath,; M. Dincă, Electrochemical oxygen reduction catalysed by Ni3(hexaiminotriphenylene)2. Nat. Commun. 2016, 7, 10942.
DOI Google Scholar
[28]
H. X. Jia,; Y. C. Yao,; J. T. Zhao,; Y. Y. Gao,; Z. L. Luo,; P. W. Du, A novel two-dimensional nickel phthalocyanine-based metal-organic framework for highly efficient water oxidation catalysis. J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 1188-1195.
DOI Google Scholar
[29]
H. X. Zhong,; K. H. Ly,; M. C. Wang,; Y. Krupskaya,; X. C. Han,; J. C. Zhang,; J. Zhang,; V. Kataev,; B. Büchner,; I. M. Weidinger, et al. A phthalocyanine-based layered two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic framework as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 10677-10682.
DOI Google Scholar
[30]
L. Hu,; T. Z. Xiong,; R. Liu,; Y. W. Hu,; Y. C. Mao,; M. J. T. Balogun,; Y. X. Tong, Co3O4@Cu-based conductive metal-organic framework core-shell nanowire electrocatalysts enable efficient low-overall-potential water splitting. Chem.—Eur. J. 2019, 25, 6575-6583.
DOI Google Scholar
[31]
D. Sheberla,; J. C. Bachman,; J. S. Elias,; C. J. Sun,; Y. Shao-Horn,; M. Dincă, Conductive MOF electrodes for stable supercapacitors with high areal capacitance. Nat. Mater. 2017, 16, 220-224.
DOI Google Scholar
[32]
Z. Y. Zhang,; K. Awaga, Redox-active metal-organic frameworks as electrode materials for batteries. MRS Bull. 2016, 41, 883-889.
DOI Google Scholar
[33]
J. Park,; M. Lee,; D. W. Feng,; Z. H. Huang,; A. C. Hinckley,; A. Yakovenko,; X. D. Zou,; Y. Cui,; Z. Bao, Stabilization of hexaaminobenzene in a 2D conductive metal-organic framework for high power sodium storage. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 10315-10323.
DOI Google Scholar
[34]
D. W. Feng,; T. Lei,; M. R. Lukatskaya,; J. Park,; Z. H. Huang,; M. Lee,; L. Shaw,; S. C. Chen,; A. A. Yakovenko,; A. Kulkarni, et al. Robust and conductive two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks with exceptionally high volumetric and areal capacitance. Nat. Energy 2018, 3, 30-36.
DOI Google Scholar
[35]
S. Y. Zhou,; X. Y. Kong,; B. Zheng,; F. W. Huo,; M. Strømme,; C. Xu, Cellulose nanofiber@conductive metal-organic frameworks for high-performance flexible supercapacitors. ACS Nano 2019, 13, 9578-9586.
DOI Google Scholar
[36]
X. H. Zhang,; P. P. Dong,; M. K. Song, Metal-organic frameworks for high-energy lithium batteries with enhanced safety: Recent progress and future perspectives. Batteries Supercaps 2019, 2, 591-626.
DOI Google Scholar
[37]
K. W. Nam,; S. S. Park,; R. Dos Reis,; V. P. Dravid,; H. Kim,; C. A. Mirkin,; J. F. Stoddart, Conductive 2D metal-organic framework for high-performance cathodes in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 4948.
DOI Google Scholar
[38]
M. Hmadeh,; Z. Lu,; Z. Liu,; F. Gándara,; H. Furukawa,; S. Wan,; V. Augustyn,; R. Chang,; L. Liao,; F. Zhou, et al. New porous crystals of extended metal-catecholates. Chem. Mater. 2012, 24, 3511-3513.
DOI Google Scholar
[39]
C. F. Leong,; P. M. Usov,; D. M. D’Alessandro, Intrinsically conducting metal-organic frameworks. MRS Bull. 2016, 41, 858-864.
DOI Google Scholar
[40]
H. Nagatomi,; N. Yanai,; T. Yamada,; K. Shiraishi,; N. Kimizuka, Synthesis and electric properties of a two-dimensional metal-organic framework based on phthalocyanine. Chem.—Eur. J. 2018, 24, 1806-1810.
DOI Google Scholar
[41]
T. Kambe,; R. Sakamoto,; K. Hoshiko,; K. Takada,; M. Miyachi,; J. H. Ryu,; S. Sasaki,; J. Kim,; K. Nakazato,; M. Takata, et al. π-Conjugated nickel bis(dithiolene) complex nanosheet. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 2462-2465.
DOI Google Scholar
[42]
A. J. Clough,; J. W. Yoo,; M. H. Mecklenburg,; S. C. Marinescu, Two-dimensional metal-organic surfaces for efficient hydrogen evolution from water. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 118-121.
DOI Google Scholar
[43]
J. H. Dou,; L. Sun,; Y. C. Ge,; W. B. Li,; C. H. Hendon,; J. Li,; S. Gul,; J. Yano,; E. A. Stach,; M. Dincă, Signature of metallic behavior in the metal-organic frameworks M3(hexaiminobenzene)2 (M = Ni, Cu). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 13608-13611.
DOI Google Scholar
[44]
J. Park,; A. C. Hinckley,; Z. H. Huang,; D. W. Feng,; A. A. Yakovenko,; M. Lee,; S. C. Chen,; X. D. Zou,; Z. Bao, Synthetic routes for a 2D semiconductive copper hexahydroxybenzene metal-organic framework. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 14533-14537.
DOI Google Scholar
[45]
D. Sheberla,; L. Sun,; M. A. Blood-Forsythe,; S. Er,; C. R. Wade,; C. K. Brozek,; A. Aspuru-Guzik,; M. Dincă, High electrical conductivity in Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)2, a semiconducting metal-organic graphene analogue. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 8859-8862.
DOI Google Scholar
[46]
A. J. Clough,; J. M. Skelton,; C. A. Downes,; A. A. de la Rosa,; J. W. Yoo,; A. Walsh,; B. C. Melot,; S. C. Marinescu, Metallic conductivity in a two-dimensional cobalt dithiolene metal-organic framework. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 10863-10867.
DOI Google Scholar
[47]
V. Rubio-Giménez,; M. Galbiati,; J. Castells-Gil,; N. Almora-Barrios,; J. Navarro-Sánchez,; G. Escorcia-Ariza,; M. Mattera,; T. Arnold,; J. Rawle,; S. Tatay, et al. Bottom-up fabrication of semiconductive metal-organic framework ultrathin films. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1704291.
DOI Google Scholar
[48]
Y. T. Cui,; J. Yan,; Z. J. Chen,; J. J. Zhang,; Y. Zou,; Y. M. Sun,; W. Xu,; D. B. Zhu, [Cu3(C6Se6)]n: The first highly conductive 2D π-d conjugated coordination polymer based on benzenehexaselenolate. Adv. Sci. 2019, 6, 1802235.
DOI Google Scholar
[49]
Y. T. Cui,; J. Yan,; Z. J. Chen,; W. L. Xing,; C. H. Ye,; X. Li,; Y. Zou,; Y. M. Sun,; C. M. Liu,; W. Xu, et al. Synthetic route to a triphenylenehexaselenol-based metal organic framework with semi-conductive and glassy magnetic properties. iScience 2020, 23, 100812.
DOI Google Scholar
[50]
M. Eddaoudi,; J. Kim,; N. Rosi,; D. Vodak,; J. Wachter,; M. O'Keeffe,; O. M. Yaghi, Systematic design of pore size and functionality in isoreticular MOFs and their application in methane storage. Science 2002, 295, 469-472.
DOI Google Scholar
[51]
H. Furukawa,; N. Ko,; Y. B. Go,; N. Aratani,; S. B. Choi,; E. Choi,; A. O. Yazaydin,; R. Q. Snurr,; M. O'Keeffe,; J. Kim, et al. Ultrahigh porosity in metal-organic frameworks. Science 2010, 329, 424-428.
DOI Google Scholar
[52]
H. Furukawa,; Y. B. Go,; N. Ko,; Y. K. Park,; F. J. Uribe-Romo,; J. Kim,; M. O'Keeffe,; O. M. Yaghi, Isoreticular expansion of metal-organic frameworks with triangular and square building units and the lowest calculated density for porous crystals. Inorg. Chem. 2011, 50, 9147-9152.
DOI Google Scholar
[53]
H. Deng,; S. Grunder,; K. E. Cordova,; C. Valente,; H. Furukawa,; M. Hmadeh,; F. Gandara,; A. C. Whalley,; Z. Liu,; S. Asahina, et al. Large-pore apertures in a series of metal-organic frameworks. Science 2012, 336, 1018-1023.
DOI Google Scholar
[54]
A. Walsh,; K. T. Butler,; C. H. Hendon, Chemical principles for electroactive metal-organic frameworks. MRS Bull. 2016, 41, 870-876.
DOI Google Scholar
[55]
E. C. Rüdiger,; F. Rominger,; L. Steuer,; U. H. Bunz, Synthesis of substituted trinaphthylenes. J. Org. Chem. 2016, 81, 193-196.
DOI Google Scholar
[56]
W. H. Li,; K. Ding,; H. R. Tian,; M. S. Yao,; B. Nath,; W. H. Deng,; Y. B. Wang,; G. Xu, Conductive metal-organic framework nanowire array electrodes for high-performance solid-state supercapacitors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2017, 27, 1702067.
DOI Google Scholar
[57]
S. Chen,; J. Dai,; X. C. Zeng, Metal-organic kagome lattices M3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)2 (M = Ni and Cu): From semiconducting to metallic by metal substitution. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 5954-5958.
DOI Google Scholar
[58]
M. Ko,; A. Aykanat,; M. K. Smith,; K. A. Mirica, Drawing sensors with ball-milled blends of metal-organic frameworks and graphite. Sensors 2017, 17, 2192.
DOI Google Scholar
[59]
H. Y. Fan, Temperature dependence of the energy gap in semiconductors. Phys. Rev. 1951, 82, 900-905.
DOI Google Scholar
[60]
Y. P. Varshni, Temperature dependence of the energy gap in semiconductors. Physica 1967, 34, 149-154.
DOI Google Scholar
[61]
W. Bludau,; A. Onton,; W. Heinke, Temperature dependence of the band gap of silicon. J. Appl. Phys. 1974, 45, 1846-1848.
DOI Google Scholar
[62]
H. Ünlü, A thermodynamic model for determining pressure and temperature effects on the bandgap energies and other properties of some semiconductors. Solid State Electron. 1992, 35, 1343-1352.
DOI Google Scholar
[63]
P. J. Geng,; W. G. Li,; X. H. Zhang,; X. Y. Zhang,; Y. Deng,; H. B. Kou, A novel theoretical model for the temperature dependence of band gap energy in semiconductors. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2017, 50, 40LT02.
DOI Google Scholar
[64]
M. Birkett,; W. M. Linhart,; J. Stoner,; L. J. Phillips,; K. Durose,; J. Alaria,; J. D. Major,; R. Kudrawiec,; T. D. Veal, Band gap temperature-dependence of close-space sublimation grown Sb2Se3 by photo-reflectance. APL Mater. 2018, 6, 084901.
DOI Google Scholar
[65]
D. Chirvase,; Z. Chiguvare,; M. Knipper,; J. Parisi,; V. Dyakonov,; J. C. Hummelen, Temperature dependent characteristics of poly(3- hexylthiophene)-fullerene based heterojunction organic solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93, 3376-3383.
DOI Google Scholar
[66]
A. Mirsakiyeva,; H. W. Hugosson,; M. Linares,; A. Delin, Temperature dependence of band gaps and conformational disorder in PEDOT and its selenium and tellurium derivatives: Density functional calculations. J. Chem. Phys. 2017, 147, 134906.
DOI Google Scholar
[67]
S. Wang,; J. Q. Ma,; W. C. Li,; J. Wang,; H. Z. Wang,; H. Z. Shen,; J. Z. Li,; J. Q. Wang,; H. M. Luo,; D. H. Li, Temperature-dependent band gap in two-dimensional perovskites: Thermal expansion interaction and electron-phonon interaction. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2019, 10, 2546-2553.
DOI Google Scholar
[68]
P. Tyagi,; A. G. Vedeshwar, Grain size dependent optical band gap of CdI2 films. Bull. Mater. Sci. 2001, 24, 297-300.
DOI Google Scholar
[69]
B. Pejova,; I. Grozdanov,; A. Tanuševski, Optical and thermal band gap energy of chemically deposited bismuth(III) selenide thin films. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2004, 83, 245-249.
DOI Google Scholar
[70]
D. Tiana,; C. H. Hendon,; A. Walsh,; T. P. Vaid, Computational screening of structural and compositional factors for electrically conductive coordination polymers. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 14463-14472.
DOI Google Scholar
[71]
T. Kambe,; R. Sakamoto,; T. Kusamoto,; T. Pal,; N. Fukui,; K. Hoshiko,; T. Shimojima,; Z. F. Wang,; T. Hirahara,; K. Ishizaka, et al. Redox control and high conductivity of nickel bis(dithiolene) complex π-nanosheet: A potential organic two-dimensional topological insulator. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14357-14360.
DOI Google Scholar
[72]
Y. Jiang,; I. Oh,; S. H. Joo,; O. Buyukcakir,; X. Chen,; S. H. Lee,; M. Huang,; W. K. Seong,; S. K. Kwak,; J. W. Yoo, et al. Partial oxidation-induced electrical conductivity and paramagnetism in a Ni(II) tetraaza[14]annulene-linked metal organic framework. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 16884-16893.
DOI Google Scholar
[73]
M. L. Aubrey,; B. M. Wiers,; S. C. Andrews,; T. Sakurai,; S. E. Reyes-Lillo,; S. M. Hamed,; C. J. Yu,; L. E. Darago,; J. A. Mason,; J. O. Baeg, et al. Electron delocalization and charge mobility as a function of reduction in a metal-organic framework. Nat. Mater. 2018, 17, 625-632.
DOI Google Scholar
[74]
S. Bi,; H. Banda,; M. Chen,; L. Niu,; M. Y. Chen,; T. Z. Wu,; J. S. Wang,; R. X. Wang,; J. M. Feng,; T. Y. Chen, et al. Molecular understanding of charge storage and charging dynamics in supercapacitors with MOF electrodes and ionic liquid electrolytes. Nat. Mater. 2020, 19, 552-558.
DOI Google Scholar
[75]
Y. G. Zhang,; S. N. Riduan,; J. Q. Wang, Redox active metal- and covalent organic frameworks for energy storage: Balancing porosity and electrical conductivity. Chem.—Eur. J. 2017, 23, 16419-16431.
DOI Google Scholar
[76]
P. F. Li,; B. Wang, Recent development and application of conductive MOFs. Isr. J. Chem. 2018, 58, 1010-1018.
DOI Google Scholar
File
12274_2020_2874_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (6 MB)
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 20 January 2020
Revised: 30 April 2020
Accepted: 11 May 2020
Published: 03 July 2020
Issue date: February 2021

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge support from startup funds provided by Dartmouth College, from the Walter and Constance Burke Research Initiation Award, Irving Institute for Energy and Society, Army Research Office Young Investigator Program Grant No. W911NF-17-1-0398, Sloan Research Fellowship (No. FG-2018-10561), 3M Non-Tenured Faculty Award, and US Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Lab (No. W913E519C0008), National Science Foundation EPSCoR award (No. #1757371). The authors thank the University Instrumentation Center at the University of New Hampshire (Durham, NH, USA) for the access to XPS.

Return