Journal Home > Volume 12 , Issue 9
Nano Research 2019, 12(9): 2250-2258 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2299-8
Research Article | Issue | Published: 26 January 2019

Solvent-free nanocasting toward universal synthesis of ordered mesoporous transition metal sulfide@N-doped carbon composites for electrochemical applications

Show Author's Information Jiahui Zhu1,  Zhi Chen1,  Lin Jia2,  Yuqi Lu1,  Xiangru Wei1,  Xiaoning Wang1,  Winston Duo Wu1,  Na Han2,  Yanguang Li2( ),  Zhangxiong Wu1( )
Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
Keywords:
transition metal sulfides, mesoporous materials, solvent-free nanocasting, in-situ sulfuration, carbon-based composites, electrochemical applications
Topics:
Carbon compositesChlorine compoundsCopper compoundsDoping (additives)Electrocatalysis Hydrogen storageIIIron compoundsLayered semiconductorsMolybdenum compoundsNickel sulfatesSilicaSolvents Sulfur compoundsTransition metalsVI semiconductorsZinc sulfide
Cite this article:
Zhu J, Chen Z, Jia L, et al. Solvent-free nanocasting toward universal synthesis of ordered mesoporous transition metal sulfide@N-doped carbon composites for electrochemical applications. Nano Research, 2019, 12(9): 2250-2258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2299-8
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

640

Views

33

Downloads

Citations

25

Crossref

N/A

WoS

25

Scopus

5

CSCD

Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have a wide range of applications owing to their intriguing properties. Significant efforts have been devoted to nanostructuring TMSs to enhance their properties and performance, still there is a high need in general synthesis of TMS nanostructures. Herein, for the first time, a simple solvent free reactive nanocasting approach that integrates solid precursor loading, in-situ sulfuration and carbonization into a single heating step is developed for the universal synthesis of ordered mesoporous TMS@N-doped carbon composites (denoted as OM-TMS@NCs) with methionine (Met) and metal chlorides as the precursors and the mesoporous silica (SBA-15) as the hard template. A series of OM-TMS@NCs with a hexagonal mesostructure, ultra-high surface areas (430–754 m2·g-1), large pore volumes (0.85–1.32 cm3·g-1), and unique TMS stoichiometries, including MoS2, Fe7S8, Co9S8, NiS, Cu7S4 and ZnS, are obtained. Two distinct structure configurations, namely, highly dispersed ultrathin TMS nanosheets within NCs and TMS@NC co-nanowire arrays, can be obtained depending on different metals. The structure evolution of the OM-TMS@NCs over the solvent-free nanocasting process is studied in detail for a deep understanding of the synthesis. As demonstrations, these materials are promising for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction and lithium ion storage with high performances.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Solvent-free nanocasting toward universal synthesis of ordered mesoporous transition metal sulfide@N-doped carbon composites for electrochemical applications

Show Author's information Jiahui Zhu1, Zhi Chen1, Lin Jia2, Yuqi Lu1, Xiangru Wei1, Xiaoning Wang1, Winston Duo Wu1, Na Han2, Yanguang Li2( ), Zhangxiong Wu1( )
Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China

Abstract

Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have a wide range of applications owing to their intriguing properties. Significant efforts have been devoted to nanostructuring TMSs to enhance their properties and performance, still there is a high need in general synthesis of TMS nanostructures. Herein, for the first time, a simple solvent free reactive nanocasting approach that integrates solid precursor loading, in-situ sulfuration and carbonization into a single heating step is developed for the universal synthesis of ordered mesoporous TMS@N-doped carbon composites (denoted as OM-TMS@NCs) with methionine (Met) and metal chlorides as the precursors and the mesoporous silica (SBA-15) as the hard template. A series of OM-TMS@NCs with a hexagonal mesostructure, ultra-high surface areas (430–754 m2·g-1), large pore volumes (0.85–1.32 cm3·g-1), and unique TMS stoichiometries, including MoS2, Fe7S8, Co9S8, NiS, Cu7S4 and ZnS, are obtained. Two distinct structure configurations, namely, highly dispersed ultrathin TMS nanosheets within NCs and TMS@NC co-nanowire arrays, can be obtained depending on different metals. The structure evolution of the OM-TMS@NCs over the solvent-free nanocasting process is studied in detail for a deep understanding of the synthesis. As demonstrations, these materials are promising for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction and lithium ion storage with high performances.

Keywords: transition metal sulfides, mesoporous materials, solvent-free nanocasting, in-situ sulfuration, carbon-based composites, electrochemical applications

References(62)

1

Lai, C. H.; Lu, M. Y.; Chen, L. J. Metal sulfide nanostructures: Synthesis, properties and applications in energy conversion and storage. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 19-30.
DOI Google Scholar
2

Chang, K.; Hai, X.; Ye, J. H. Transition metal disulfides as noble-metal-alternative co-catalysts for solar hydrogen production. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1502555.
DOI Google Scholar
3

Beinert, H.; Holm, R. H.; Munck, E. Iron-sulfur clusters: Nature's modular, multipurpose structures. Science 1997, 277, 653-659.
DOI Google Scholar
4

Harris, S.; Chianelli, R. R. Catalysis by transition metal sulfides: The relation between calculated electronic trends and HDS activity. J. Catal. 1984, 86, 400-412.
DOI Google Scholar
5

Gao, M. R.; Xu, Y. F.; Jiang, J.; Yu, S. H. Nanostructured metal chalcogenides: Synthesis, modification, and applications in energy conversion and storage devices. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 2986-3017.
DOI Google Scholar
6

Kong, D. S.; Cha, J. J.; Wang, H. T.; Lee, H. R.; Cui, Y. First-row transition metal dichalcogenide catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 3553-3558.
DOI Google Scholar
7

Luo, W. Q.; Shi, H.; Schachtl, E.; Gutierrez, O. Y.; Lercher, J. A. Active sites on nickel-promoted transition-metal sulfides that catalyze hydrogenation of aromatic compounds. Angew. Chem. , Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 14555-14559.
DOI Google Scholar
8

Mahmood, N.; Zhang, C. Z.; Hou, Y. L. Nickel sulfide/nitrogen-doped graphene composites: Phase-controlled synthesis and high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Small 2013, 9, 1321-1328.
DOI Google Scholar
9

Feng, L. L.; Li, G. D.; Liu, Y. P.; Wu, Y. Y.; Chen, H.; Wang, Y.; Zou, Y. C.; Wang, D. J.; Zou, X. X. Carbon-armored Co9S8 nanoparticles as all-pH efficient and durable H2-evolving electrocatalysts. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 980-988.
DOI Google Scholar
10

Yuan, Z.; Peng, H. J.; Hou, T. Z.; Huang, J. Q.; Chen, C. M.; Wang, D. W.; Cheng, X. B.; Wei, F.; Zhang, Q. Powering lithium-sulfur battery performance by propelling polysulfide redox at sulfiphilic hosts. Nano Lett. 2016, 16, 519-527.
DOI Google Scholar
11

Xia, X. H.; Zhu, C. R.; Luo, J. S.; Zeng, Z. Y.; Guan, C.; Ng, C. F.; Zhang, H.; Fan, H. J. Synthesis of free-standing metal sulfide nanoarrays via anion exchange reaction and their electrochemical energy storage application. Small 2014, 10, 766-773.
DOI Google Scholar
12

Zhou, J. H.; Wang, L.; Yang, M. Y.; Wu, J. H.; Chen, F. J.; Huang, W. J.; Han, N.; Ye, H. L.; Zhao, F. P.; Li, Y. Y. et al. Hierarchical VS2 nanosheet assemblies: A universal host material for the reversible storage of alkali metal ions. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1702061.
DOI Google Scholar
13

Lu, Q. P.; Yu, Y. F.; Ma, Q. L.; Chen, B.; Zhang, H. 2D transition-metal-dichalcogenide-nanosheet-based composites for photocatalytic and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 1917-1933.
DOI Google Scholar
14

Voiry, D.; Salehi, M.; Silva, R.; Fujita, T.; Chen, M. W.; Asefa, T.; Shenoy, V. B.; Eda, G.; Chhowalla, M. Conducting MoS2 nanosheets as catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 6222-6227.
DOI Google Scholar
15

Chen, J. S.; Guan, C.; Gui, Y.; Blackwood, D. J. Rational design of self-supported Ni3S2 nanosheets array for advanced asymmetric supercapacitor with a superior energy density. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 496-504.
DOI Google Scholar
16

Huang, K. J.; Zhang, J. Z.; Shi, G. W.; Liu, Y. M. Hydrothermal synthesis of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets as supercapacitors electrode material. Electrochim. Acta 2014, 132, 397-403.
DOI Google Scholar
17

Zhou, Y. L.; Yan, D.; Xu, H. Y.; Feng, J. K.; Jiang, X. L.; Yue, J.; Yang, J.; Qian, Y. T. Hollow nanospheres of mesoporous Co9S8 as a high-capacity and long-life anode for advanced lithium ion batteries. Nano Energy 2015, 12, 528-537.
DOI Google Scholar
18

Peng, S. J.; Li, L. L.; Tan, H. T.; Cai, R.; Shi, W. H.; Li, C. C.; Mhaisalkar, S. G.; Srinivasan, M.; Ramakrishna, S.; Yan, Q. Y. MS2 (M = Co and Ni) hollow spheres with tunable interiors for high-performance supercapacitors and photovoltaics. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 2155-2162.
DOI Google Scholar
19

Cheng, Z. G.; Wang, S. Z.; Si, D. J.; Geng, B. Y. Controlled synthesis of copper sulfide 3D nanoarchitectures through a facile hydrothermal route. J. Alloys Compd. 2010, 492, L44-L49.
DOI Google Scholar
20

Yu, X. Y.; Yu, L.; Shen, L. F.; Song, X. H.; Chen, H. Y.; Lou, X. W. General formation of MS (M = Ni, Cu, Mn) box-in-box hollow structures with enhanced pseudocapacitive properties. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 7440-7446.
DOI Google Scholar
21

Chen, T.; Zhang, Z. W.; Cheng, B. R.; Chen, R. P.; Hu, Y.; Ma, L. B.; Zhu, G. Y.; Liu, J.; Jin, Z. Self-templated formation of interlaced carbon nanotubes threaded hollow Co3S4 nanoboxes for high-rate and heat-resistant lithium-sulfur batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 12710-12715.
DOI Google Scholar
22

Li, D. J.; Maiti, U. N.; Lim, J.; Choi, D. S.; Lee, W. J.; Oh, Y.; Lee, G. Y.; Kim, S. O. Molybdenum sulfide/N-doped CNT forest hybrid catalysts for high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction. Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 1228-1233.
DOI Google Scholar
23

Liao, L.; Zhu, J.; Bian, X. J.; Zhu, L. N.; Scanlon, M. D.; Girault, H. H.; Liu, B. H. MoS2 formed on mesoporous graphene as a highly active catalyst for hydrogen evolution. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 5326-5333.
DOI Google Scholar
24

Wang, Q. F.; Zou, R. Q.; Xia, W.; Ma, J.; Qiu, B.; Mahmood, A.; Zhao, R.; Yang, Y. Y. C.; Xia, D. G.; Xu, Q. Facile synthesis of ultrasmall CoS2 nanoparticles within thin N-doped porous carbon shell for high performance lithium-ion batteries. Small 2015, 11, 2511-2517.
DOI Google Scholar
25

Yonemoto, B. T.; Hutchings, G. S.; Jiao, F. A general synthetic approach for ordered mesoporous metal sulfides. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 8895-8898.
DOI Google Scholar
26

Luc, W.; Jiao, F. Synthesis of nanoporous metals, oxides, carbides, and sulfides: Beyond nanocasting. Acc. Chem. Res. 2016, 49, 1351-1358.
DOI Google Scholar
27

Miao, R.; Dutta, B.; Sahoo, S.; He, J. K.; Zhong, W.; Cetegen, S. A.; Jiang, T.; Alpay, S. P.; Suib, S. L. Mesoporous iron sulfide for highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 13604-13607.
DOI Google Scholar
28

Kibsgaard, J.; Chen, Z. B.; Reinecke, B. N.; Jaramillo, T. F. Engineering the surface structure of MoS2 to preferentially expose active edge sites for electrocatalysis. Nat. Mater. 2012, 11, 963-969.
DOI Google Scholar
29

Shi, Y. F.; Wan, Y.; Liu, R. L.; Tu, B.; Zhao, D. Y. Synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous crystalline WS2 and MoS2 via a high-temperature reductive sulfuration route. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 9522-9531.
DOI Google Scholar
30

Chen, X. H.; Fan, R. Low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, 802-805.
DOI Google Scholar
31

Bao, S. J.; Li, C. M.; Guo, C. X.; Qiao, Y. Biomolecule-assisted synthesis of cobalt sulfide nanowires for application in supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 2008, 180, 676-681.
DOI Google Scholar
32

Dunne, P. W.; Starkey, C. L.; Gimeno-Fabra, M.; Lester, E. H. The rapid size- and shape-controlled continuous hydrothermal synthesis of metal sulphide nanomaterials. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 2406-2418.
DOI Google Scholar
33

Lu, A. H.; Schüth, F. Nanocasting: A versatile strategy for creating nanostructured porous materials. Adv. Mater. 2006, 18, 1793-1805.
DOI Google Scholar
34

Yang, H. F.; Zhao, D. Y. Synthesis of replica mesostructures by the nanocasting strategy. J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 1217-1231.
DOI Google Scholar
35

Du, N.; Zhang, H.; Chen, J. E.; Sun, J. Y.; Chen, B. D.; Yang, D. R. Metal oxide and sulfide hollow spheres: Layer-by-layer synthesis and their application in lithium-ion battery. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 14836-14842.
DOI Google Scholar
36

Luo, M.; Liu, Y.; Hu, J. C.; Li, J. L.; Liu, J.; Richards, R. M. General strategy for one-pot synthesis of metal sulfide hollow spheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2012, 125, 180-188.
DOI Google Scholar
37

Dolui, K.; Rungger, I.; Sanvito, S. Origin of the n-type and p-type conductivity of MoS2 monolayers on a SiO2 substrate. Phys. Rev. B 2013, 87, 165402.
DOI Google Scholar
38

Kwok, K. M.; Ong, S. W. D.; Chen, L. W.; Zeng, H. C. Constrained growth of MoS2 nanosheets within a mesoporous silica shell and its effects on defect sites and catalyst stability for H2S decomposition. ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 714-724.
DOI Google Scholar
39

Bergwerff, J. A.; Jansen, M.; Leliveld, B. G.; Visser, T.; de Jong, K. P.; Weckhuysen, B. M. Influence of the preparation method on the hydrotreating activity of MoS2/Al2O3 extrudates: A Raman microspectroscopy study on the genesis of the active phase. J. Catal. 2006, 243, 292-302.
DOI Google Scholar
40

Lee, J. J.; Kim, H.; Moon, S. H. Preparation of highly loaded, dispersed MoS2/Al2O3 catalysts for the deep hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophenes. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2003, 41, 171-180.
DOI Google Scholar
41

Youn, D. H.; Han, S.; Kim, J. Y.; Kim, J. Y.; Park, H.; Choi, S. H.; Lee, J. S. Highly active and stable hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts based on molybdenum compounds on carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid support. ACS Nano 2014, 8, 5164-5173.
DOI Google Scholar
42

Lei, T. Y.; Chen, W.; Huang, J. W.; Yan, C. Y.; Sun, H. X.; Wang, C.; Zhang, W. L.; Li, Y. R.; Xiong, J. Multi-functional layered WS2 nanosheets for enhancing the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 2017, 7, 1601843.
DOI Google Scholar
43

Wu, C.; Maier, J.; Yu, Y. Generalizable synthesis of metal-sulfides/carbon hybrids with multiscale, hierarchically ordered structures as advanced electrodes for lithium storage. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 174-180.
DOI Google Scholar
44

Han, C.; Li, Q.; Wang, D. W.; Lu, Q. Q.; Xing, Z. C.; Yang, X. R. Cobalt sulfide nanowires core encapsulated by a N, S codoped graphitic carbon shell for efficient oxygen reduction reaction. Small 2018, 14, 1703642.
DOI Google Scholar
45

Xiong, Q. Z.; Wang, Y.; Liu, P. F.; Zheng, L. R.; Wang, G. Z.; Yang, H. G.; Wong, P. K.; Zhang, H. M.; Zhao, H. J. Cobalt covalent doping in MoS2 to induce bifunctionality of overall water splitting. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1801450.
DOI Google Scholar
46

Zhang, X. E.; Zhao, R. F.; Wu, Q. H.; Li, W. L.; Shen, C.; Ni, L. B.; Yan, H.; Diao, G. W.; Chen, M. Petal-like MoS2 nanosheets space-confined in hollow mesoporous carbon spheres for enhanced lithium storage performance. ACS Nano 2017, 11, 8429-8436.
DOI Google Scholar
47

Ye, C.; Zhang, L.; Guo, C. X.; Li, D. D.; Vasileff, A.; Wang, H. H.; Qiao, S. Z. A 3D hybrid of chemically coupled nickel sulfide and hollow carbon spheres for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2017, 27, 1702524.
DOI Google Scholar
48

Li, Y. G.; Wang, H. L.; Xie, L. M.; Liang, Y. Y.; Hong, G. S.; Dai, H. J. MoS2 nanoparticles grown on graphene: An advanced catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 7296-7299.
DOI Google Scholar
49

Chen, B.; Meng, Y. H.; He, F.; Liu, E. Z.; Shi, C. S.; He, C. N.; Ma, L. Y.; Li, Q. Y.; Li, J. J.; Zhao, N. Q. Thermal decomposition-reduced layer-by-layer nitrogen-doped graphene/MoS2/nitrogen-doped graphene heterostructure for promising lithium-ion batteries. Nano Energy 2017, 41, 154-163.
DOI Google Scholar
50

Wang, Y. M.; Wu, Z. Y.; Shi, L. Y.; Zhu, J. H. Rapid functionalization of mesoporous materials: Directly dispersing metal oxides into as-prepared SBA-15 occluded with template. Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 323-327.
DOI Google Scholar
51

Wang, Y. M.; Wu, Z. Y.; Wang, H. J.; Zhu, J. H. Fabrication of metal oxides occluded in ordered mesoporous hosts via a solid-state grinding route: The influence of host-guest interactions. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2006, 16, 2374-2386.
DOI Google Scholar
52

Gao, X. M.; Chen, Z.; Yao, Y.; Zhou, M. Y.; Liu, Y.; Wang, J. X.; Wu, W. D.; Chen, X. D.; Wu, Z. X.; Zhao, D. Y. Direct heating amino acids with silica: A universal solvent-free assembly approach to highly nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon materials. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 6649-6661.
DOI Google Scholar
53

Matte, H. S. S. R.; Gomathi, A.; Manna, A. K.; Late, D. J.; Datta, R.; Pati, S. K.; Rao, C. N. R. MoS2 and WS2 analogues of graphene. Angew. Chem. , Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4059-4062.
DOI Google Scholar
54

Liu, K. K.; Zhang, W. J.; Lee, Y. H.; Lin, Y. C.; Chang, M. T.; Su, C. Y.; Chang, C. S.; Li, H.; Shi, Y. M.; Zhang, H. et al. Growth of large-area and highly crystalline MoS2 thin layers on insulating substrates. Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 1538-1544.
DOI Google Scholar
55

Zhao, D. Y.; Feng, J. L.; Huo, Q. S.; Melosh, N.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Chmelka, B. F.; Stucky, G. D. Triblock copolymer syntheses of mesoporous silica with periodic 50 to 300 angstrom pores. Science 1998, 279, 548-552.
DOI Google Scholar
56

Zhao, D. Y.; Huo, Q. S.; Feng, J. L.; Chmelka, B. F.; Stucky, G. D. Nonionic triblock and star diblock copolymer and oligomeric surfactant syntheses of highly ordered, hydrothermally stable, mesoporous silica structures. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6024-6036.
DOI Google Scholar
57

Yin, Y.; Han, J. C.; Zhang, Y. M.; Zhang, X. H.; Xu, P.; Yuan, Q.; Samad, L.; Wang, X. J.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Z. H. et al. Contributions of phase, sulfur vacancies, and edges to the hydrogen evolution reaction catalytic activity of porous molybdenum disulfide nanosheets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 7965-7972.
DOI Google Scholar
58

Sui, C. X.; Chen, K.; Zhao, L. M.; Zhou, L.; Wang, Q. Q. MoS2-modified porous gas diffusion layer with air-solid-liquid interface for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting. Nanoscale 2018, 10, 15324-15331.
DOI Google Scholar
59

Guo, B. J.; Yu, K.; Li, H. L.; Song, H. L.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Lei, X.; Fu, H.; Tan, Y. H.; Zhu, Z. Q. Hollow structured micro/nano MoS2 spheres for high electrocatalytic activity hydrogen evolution reaction. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 5517-5525.
DOI Google Scholar
60

Morales-Guio, C. G.; Hu, X. L. Amorphous molybdenum sulfides as hydrogen evolution catalysts. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 2671-2681.
DOI Google Scholar
61

Ding, J. B.; Zhou, Y.; Li, Y. G.; Guo, S. J.; Huang, X. Q. MoS2 nanosheet assembling superstructure with a three-dimensional ion accessible site: A new class of bifunctional materials for batteries and electrocatalysis. Chem. Mater. 2016, 28, 2074-2080.
DOI Google Scholar
62

Zhang, L.; Liu, P. F.; Li, Y. H.; Wang, C. W.; Zu, M. Y.; Fu, H. Q.; Yang, X. H.; Yang, H. G. Accelerating neutral hydrogen evolution with tungsten modulated amorphous metal hydroxides. ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 5200-5205.
DOI Google Scholar
File
12274_2019_2299_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (6.4 MB)
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 19 December 2018
Revised: 11 January 2019
Accepted: 13 January 2019
Published: 26 January 2019
Issue date: September 2019

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21875153 and 21501125), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20150312), the Suzhou Bureau of Science and Technology (No. SYG201637) are much appreciated. We also thank the Young Thousand Talented Program (2015) of China, the Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Project of Scientific and Technologic Infrastructure of Suzhou (No. SZS201708) for supports. Z. X. W. acknowledges the start-up fund from Soochow University. Y. G. L. acknowledge the support from the PAPD of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology. We greatly appreciate Professor Dongyuan Zhao and Professor Biao Kong in Fudan University for insightful discussions on the manuscript.

Return