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Nano Research 2019, 12(9): 2211-2217 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-018-2248-9
Research Article | Issue | Published: 13 December 2018

Boosting the rate capability of multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers with well-dispersed Cu nanodots and Cu2+-doping derived oxygen vacancies for sodium-ion batteries

Show Author's Information Ying Wu1,  Zengxi Wei2,  Rui Xu1,  Yue Gong3,  Lin Gu3,4,  Jianmin Ma2,  Yan Yu1,5,6( )
Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaKey Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Hefei230026China
School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha410082China
Beijing Laboratory for Electron MicroscopyInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100190China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum MatterBeijing100190China
State Key Laboratory of Fire ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)DalianChina
Keywords:
sodium ion batteries, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers, Cu nanodots, Cu2+ doping
Topics:
CopperDensity functional theoryElectric conductivityElectrodesElectrolytesMetal ionsNanodots NanofibersSodium compoundsTiO2 nanoparticlesTitanium Dioxide
Cite this article:
Wu Y, Wei Z, Xu R, et al. Boosting the rate capability of multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers with well-dispersed Cu nanodots and Cu2+-doping derived oxygen vacancies for sodium-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2019, 12(9): 2211-2217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-018-2248-9
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

The use of TiO2 as an anode in rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) is hampered by intrinsic low electronic conductivity of TiO2 and inferior electrode kinetics. Here, a high-performance TiO2 electrode for NIBs is presented by designing a multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers with well-dispersed Cu nanodots and Cu2+-doping derived oxygen vacancies (Cu-MPTO). The in-situ grown well-dispersed copper nanodots of about 3 nm on TiO2 surface could significantly enhance electronic conductivity of the TiO2 fibers. The one-dimensional multichannel porous structure could facilitate the electrolyte to soak in, leading to short transport path of Na+ through carbon toward the TiO2 nanoparticle. The Cu2+-doping induced oxygen vacancies could decrease the bandgap of TiO2, resulting in easy electron trapping. With this strategy, the Cu-MPTO electrodes render an outstanding rate performance for NIBs (120 mAh·g-1 at 20 C) and a superior cycling stability for ultralong cycle life (120 mAh·g-1 at 20 C and 96.5% retention over 2, 000 cycles). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also suggest that Cu2+ doping can enhance the conductivity and electron transfer of TiO2 and lower the sodiation energy barrier. This strategy is confirmed to be a general process and could be extended to improve the performance of other materials with low electronic conductivity applied in energy storage systems.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Boosting the rate capability of multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers with well-dispersed Cu nanodots and Cu2+-doping derived oxygen vacancies for sodium-ion batteries

Show Author's information Ying Wu1, Zengxi Wei2, Rui Xu1, Yue Gong3, Lin Gu3,4, Jianmin Ma2, Yan Yu1,5,6( )
Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaKey Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Hefei230026China
School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha410082China
Beijing Laboratory for Electron MicroscopyInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100190China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum MatterBeijing100190China
State Key Laboratory of Fire ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)DalianChina

Abstract

The use of TiO2 as an anode in rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) is hampered by intrinsic low electronic conductivity of TiO2 and inferior electrode kinetics. Here, a high-performance TiO2 electrode for NIBs is presented by designing a multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers with well-dispersed Cu nanodots and Cu2+-doping derived oxygen vacancies (Cu-MPTO). The in-situ grown well-dispersed copper nanodots of about 3 nm on TiO2 surface could significantly enhance electronic conductivity of the TiO2 fibers. The one-dimensional multichannel porous structure could facilitate the electrolyte to soak in, leading to short transport path of Na+ through carbon toward the TiO2 nanoparticle. The Cu2+-doping induced oxygen vacancies could decrease the bandgap of TiO2, resulting in easy electron trapping. With this strategy, the Cu-MPTO electrodes render an outstanding rate performance for NIBs (120 mAh·g-1 at 20 C) and a superior cycling stability for ultralong cycle life (120 mAh·g-1 at 20 C and 96.5% retention over 2, 000 cycles). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also suggest that Cu2+ doping can enhance the conductivity and electron transfer of TiO2 and lower the sodiation energy barrier. This strategy is confirmed to be a general process and could be extended to improve the performance of other materials with low electronic conductivity applied in energy storage systems.

Keywords: sodium ion batteries, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, multichannel porous TiO2 nanofibers, Cu nanodots, Cu2+ doping

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 01 October 2018
Revised: 13 November 2018
Accepted: 16 November 2018
Published: 13 December 2018
Issue date: September 2019

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key R & D Research Program of China (Nos. 2018YFB0905400 and 2016YFB0100305), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51622210 and 51872277), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. WK3430000004), and the DNL cooperation Fund, CAS (No. DNL180310).

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