Molten-salt chemical exfoliation process for preparing two-dimensional mesoporous Si nanosheets as high-rate Li-storage anode
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Yitai Qian(
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Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted enormous attention due to their functional applications in energy storage. In this work, a low-temperature molten-salt chemical exfoliation methodology is developed for producing free-standing 2D mesoporous Si through deintercalation of CaSi2 in excess molten AlCl3 at 195 ℃. The average dimension of these sheets is 1.5 μm, and the thickness of a single sheet is approximately 10 nm. The as-prepared 2D Si has a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 154 m2·g-1 and an average pore size of 5.87 nm. With this unique structure, the 2D Si exhibits superior Li-storage performance, including a reversible capacity of 2, 974 mA·h·g-1 at 0.2 C, reversible capacities of 2, 162, 1, 947, and 1, 527 mA·h·g-1 at 0.8, 2, and 5 C after 200 cycles, and a capacity retention of 357 mA·h·g-1 even at 30 C (90 A·g-1).
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Molten-salt chemical exfoliation process for preparing two-dimensional mesoporous Si nanosheets as high-rate Li-storage anode
), Yitai Qian(
)
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted enormous attention due to their functional applications in energy storage. In this work, a low-temperature molten-salt chemical exfoliation methodology is developed for producing free-standing 2D mesoporous Si through deintercalation of CaSi2 in excess molten AlCl3 at 195 ℃. The average dimension of these sheets is 1.5 μm, and the thickness of a single sheet is approximately 10 nm. The as-prepared 2D Si has a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 154 m2·g-1 and an average pore size of 5.87 nm. With this unique structure, the 2D Si exhibits superior Li-storage performance, including a reversible capacity of 2, 974 mA·h·g-1 at 0.2 C, reversible capacities of 2, 162, 1, 947, and 1, 527 mA·h·g-1 at 0.8, 2, and 5 C after 200 cycles, and a capacity retention of 357 mA·h·g-1 even at 30 C (90 A·g-1).
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (No. BX201600140), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (No. 2016M600484), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. WK2060190078), the National Natural Science Fund of China (No. 21701163), and Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 1808085QB25).
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