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Nano Research 2018, 11(3): 1563-1574 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1772-3
Research Article | Issue | Published: 02 February 2018

Mesoporous TiO2 microparticles formed by the oriented attachment of nanocrystals: A super-durable anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Show Author's Information Liming Ling1,  Ying Bai1,2( ),  Huali Wang1,  Qiao Ni1,  Jiatao Zhang3,  Feng Wu1,2,  Chuan Wu1,2( )
Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and EngineeringSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in BeijingBeijing100081China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
Keywords:
oriented attachment, durability, sodium ion batteries, pore evolution, mesoporous TiO2
Cite this article:
Ling L, Bai Y, Wang H, et al. Mesoporous TiO2 microparticles formed by the oriented attachment of nanocrystals: A super-durable anode material for sodium-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2018, 11(3): 1563-1574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1772-3
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Spindle-shaped anatase TiO2 secondary particles were successfully fabricated via the oriented attachment of primary nanocrystals. By adjusting the concentration of tetrabutyl titanate, the size of the TiO2 nanocrystals and particles could be controlled, resulting in pore evolution. Pores for the random aggregation of secondary particles gradually transformed to nanopores originating from the oriented attachment of the primary nanocrystals, resulting in an excellent micro/nanostructure that increased the performance of a sodium-ion battery. The mesoporous TiO2 microparticle anode, with its unique combination of nanocrystals and uniform nanopores, displays super durability (95 mAh/g after 11, 000 cycles at 1 C), high initial efficiency (61.4%), and excellent rate performance (265 and 77 mAh/g at 0.1 and 20 C, respectively). In particular, at slow discharge (0.1 C) and fast charge (5, 50, and 100 C) rates, the anatase TiO2 shows remarkable initial charge capacities of 200, 119, and 56 mAh/g, corresponding to 172, 127, and 56 mAh/g, after 150 cycles, respectively, thus meeting the requirements for fast energy storage. This excellent performance can be attributed to the stability of the material and its high ionic conductivity, resulting from the stable architecture with a mesoporous microstructure and without the random aggregation of secondary particles. A fundamental understanding of the pore structure and controllable pore construction has been proven to be effective in increasing the rate capability and durability of nanostructured electrode materials.


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About this article

Mesoporous TiO2 microparticles formed by the oriented attachment of nanocrystals: A super-durable anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Show Author's information Liming Ling1, Ying Bai1,2( ), Huali Wang1, Qiao Ni1, Jiatao Zhang3, Feng Wu1,2, Chuan Wu1,2( )
Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and EngineeringSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in BeijingBeijing100081China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Abstract

Spindle-shaped anatase TiO2 secondary particles were successfully fabricated via the oriented attachment of primary nanocrystals. By adjusting the concentration of tetrabutyl titanate, the size of the TiO2 nanocrystals and particles could be controlled, resulting in pore evolution. Pores for the random aggregation of secondary particles gradually transformed to nanopores originating from the oriented attachment of the primary nanocrystals, resulting in an excellent micro/nanostructure that increased the performance of a sodium-ion battery. The mesoporous TiO2 microparticle anode, with its unique combination of nanocrystals and uniform nanopores, displays super durability (95 mAh/g after 11, 000 cycles at 1 C), high initial efficiency (61.4%), and excellent rate performance (265 and 77 mAh/g at 0.1 and 20 C, respectively). In particular, at slow discharge (0.1 C) and fast charge (5, 50, and 100 C) rates, the anatase TiO2 shows remarkable initial charge capacities of 200, 119, and 56 mAh/g, corresponding to 172, 127, and 56 mAh/g, after 150 cycles, respectively, thus meeting the requirements for fast energy storage. This excellent performance can be attributed to the stability of the material and its high ionic conductivity, resulting from the stable architecture with a mesoporous microstructure and without the random aggregation of secondary particles. A fundamental understanding of the pore structure and controllable pore construction has been proven to be effective in increasing the rate capability and durability of nanostructured electrode materials.

Keywords: oriented attachment, durability, sodium ion batteries, pore evolution, mesoporous TiO2

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 06 March 2017
Revised: 20 July 2017
Accepted: 21 July 2017
Published: 02 February 2018
Issue date: March 2018

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer‐Verlag GmbH Germany 2017

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2015CB251100), and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-13-0033).

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