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Nano Research 2017, 10(4): 1268-1281 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1383-4
Research Article | Issue | Published: 18 January 2017

Understanding of the capacity contribution of carbon in phosphorus-carbon composites for high-performance anodes in lithium ion batteries

Show Author's Information Jiantie Xu1,3,§,  In-Yup Jeon2,§,  Jianmin Ma1,  Yuhai Dou1,  Seok-Jin Kim2,  Jeong-Min Seo2,  Huakun Liu1,  Shixue Dou1( ),  Jong-Beom Baek2( ),  Liming Dai3( )
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic MaterialsUniversity of WollongongWollongong, NSW2522Australia
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Low-Dimensional Carbon Materials CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50Ulsan689-897Republic of Korea
Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, OH44106USA

§ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
carbon, anode, lithium ion batteries, synergistic effect, phosphorus
Cite this article:
Xu J, Jeon I-Y, Ma J, et al. Understanding of the capacity contribution of carbon in phosphorus-carbon composites for high-performance anodes in lithium ion batteries. Nano Research, 2017, 10(4): 1268-1281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1383-4
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Phosphorus has recently received extensive attention as a promising anode for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity of 2, 596 mAh·g-1. To develop high-performance phosphorus anodes for LIBs, carbon materials have been hybridized with phosphorus (P-C) to improve dispersion and conductivity. However, the specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability of P-C anodes are still less than satisfactory for practical applications. Furthermore, the exact effects of the carbon support on the electrochemical performance of the P-C anodes are not fully understood. Herein, a series of xP-yC anode materials for LIBs were prepared by a simple and efficient ball-milling method. 6P-4C and 3P-7C were found to be optimum mass ratios of x/y, and delivered initial discharge capacities of 1, 803.5 and 1, 585.3·mAh·g-1, respectively, at 0.1 C in the voltage range 0.02-2 V, with an initial capacity retention of 68.3% over 200 cycles (more than 4 months cycling life) and 40.8% over 450 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the 6P-4C and 3P-7C samples was attributed to a synergistic effect from both the adsorbed P and carbon.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Understanding of the capacity contribution of carbon in phosphorus-carbon composites for high-performance anodes in lithium ion batteries

Show Author's information Jiantie Xu1,3,§, In-Yup Jeon2,§, Jianmin Ma1, Yuhai Dou1, Seok-Jin Kim2, Jeong-Min Seo2, Huakun Liu1, Shixue Dou1( ), Jong-Beom Baek2( ), Liming Dai3( )
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic MaterialsUniversity of WollongongWollongong, NSW2522Australia
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Low-Dimensional Carbon Materials CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50Ulsan689-897Republic of Korea
Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, OH44106USA

§ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Phosphorus has recently received extensive attention as a promising anode for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity of 2, 596 mAh·g-1. To develop high-performance phosphorus anodes for LIBs, carbon materials have been hybridized with phosphorus (P-C) to improve dispersion and conductivity. However, the specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability of P-C anodes are still less than satisfactory for practical applications. Furthermore, the exact effects of the carbon support on the electrochemical performance of the P-C anodes are not fully understood. Herein, a series of xP-yC anode materials for LIBs were prepared by a simple and efficient ball-milling method. 6P-4C and 3P-7C were found to be optimum mass ratios of x/y, and delivered initial discharge capacities of 1, 803.5 and 1, 585.3·mAh·g-1, respectively, at 0.1 C in the voltage range 0.02-2 V, with an initial capacity retention of 68.3% over 200 cycles (more than 4 months cycling life) and 40.8% over 450 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the 6P-4C and 3P-7C samples was attributed to a synergistic effect from both the adsorbed P and carbon.

Keywords: carbon, anode, lithium ion batteries, synergistic effect, phosphorus

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 03 September 2016
Revised: 15 November 2016
Accepted: 20 November 2016
Published: 18 January 2017
Issue date: April 2017

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for financial support from the Gobal Challenge Program grant (University of wollongong), Australia Auto CRC 2020, Creative Research Initiative (NRF), and National Science Foundation (No. NSF-CMMI-1400274). The autors also want to thank Ms. Donghua Han, and Mr. Boyang Ruan for their great help.

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