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Nano Research 2016, 9(11): 3547-3557 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1236-1
Research Article | Issue | Published: 31 August 2016

Overpotential-dependent shape evolution of gold nanocrystals grown in a deep eutectic solvent

Show Author's Information Lu Wei1,2( ),  Bangan Lu2,  Mingjun Sun2,  Na Tian2,  Zhiyou Zhou2,  Binbin Xu2,  Xinsheng Zhao1,  Shigang Sun2( )
School of Physics and Electronic EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China
College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
Keywords:
electrochemical synthesis, gold nanocrystals, shape evolution, deep eutectic solvent, glucose electrooxidation
Cite this article:
Wei L, Lu B, Sun M, et al. Overpotential-dependent shape evolution of gold nanocrystals grown in a deep eutectic solvent. Nano Research, 2016, 9(11): 3547-3557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1236-1
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

This paper reports an overpotential-dependent shape evolution of gold nanocrystals (Au NCs) in a choline chloride-urea (ChCl-urea) based deep eutectic solvent (DES). It was found that the growth overpotentials play a key role in tuning the shape of Au NCs. The shape evolution of Au NCs successively from concave rhombic dodecahedra (RD) to concave cubes, octopods, cuboctahedral boxes, and finally, to hollow octahedra (OH) was achieved by carefully controlling the growth overpotentials in the range from –0.50 to –0.95 V (vs. Pt quasi-reference electrode). In addition, the presence of urea was important in the shape evolution of Au NCs. The surface structure of the as-prepared Au NCs was comprehensively characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical studies. It was demonstrated that the electrocatalytic activity of the as-prepared Au NCs for D-glucose electrooxidation was sensitively dependent on their morphologies. The results illustrated that the dehydrogenated glucose adsorbed on concave RD and concave cubic Au NCs was preferentially transformed to gluconolactone at low electrode potentials. Subsequent gluconolactone oxidation occurred favorably on octopods with {111}-truncated arms and hollow OH at high electrode potential. This study opens up a new approach to develop the surface-structurecontrolled growth of Au NCs by combining DES with electrochemical techniques. In addition, it is significant for the tuning of the electrocatalytic properties of NCs.


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About this article

Overpotential-dependent shape evolution of gold nanocrystals grown in a deep eutectic solvent

Show Author's information Lu Wei1,2( ), Bangan Lu2, Mingjun Sun2, Na Tian2, Zhiyou Zhou2, Binbin Xu2, Xinsheng Zhao1, Shigang Sun2( )
School of Physics and Electronic EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China
College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

Abstract

This paper reports an overpotential-dependent shape evolution of gold nanocrystals (Au NCs) in a choline chloride-urea (ChCl-urea) based deep eutectic solvent (DES). It was found that the growth overpotentials play a key role in tuning the shape of Au NCs. The shape evolution of Au NCs successively from concave rhombic dodecahedra (RD) to concave cubes, octopods, cuboctahedral boxes, and finally, to hollow octahedra (OH) was achieved by carefully controlling the growth overpotentials in the range from –0.50 to –0.95 V (vs. Pt quasi-reference electrode). In addition, the presence of urea was important in the shape evolution of Au NCs. The surface structure of the as-prepared Au NCs was comprehensively characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical studies. It was demonstrated that the electrocatalytic activity of the as-prepared Au NCs for D-glucose electrooxidation was sensitively dependent on their morphologies. The results illustrated that the dehydrogenated glucose adsorbed on concave RD and concave cubic Au NCs was preferentially transformed to gluconolactone at low electrode potentials. Subsequent gluconolactone oxidation occurred favorably on octopods with {111}-truncated arms and hollow OH at high electrode potential. This study opens up a new approach to develop the surface-structurecontrolled growth of Au NCs by combining DES with electrochemical techniques. In addition, it is significant for the tuning of the electrocatalytic properties of NCs.

Keywords: electrochemical synthesis, gold nanocrystals, shape evolution, deep eutectic solvent, glucose electrooxidation

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 25 May 2016
Revised: 29 July 2016
Accepted: 30 July 2016
Published: 31 August 2016
Issue date: November 2016

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This study was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21361140374, 21229301, 21378113, and 21573183) and the Natural Science Fund project in Jiangsu Province, China (No.BK20160210).

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