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Nano Research 2016, 9(10): 3099-3115 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1193-8
Research Article | Issue | Published: 25 August 2016

Morphology-selective synthesis of active and durable gold catalysts with high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Show Author's Information Daowei Gao1,  Xin Zhang1( ),  Xiaoping Dai1,  Yuchen Qin1,  Aijun Duan1( ),  Yanbing Yu1,  Hongying Zhuo1,  Hairui Zhao1,  Pengfang Zhang1,  Yan Jiang1,  Jianmei Li2,  Zhen Zhao2
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China
College of ScienceChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China
Keywords:
4-nitrophenol, gold catalysis, porous material, environmental pollution
Cite this article:
Gao D, Zhang X, Dai X, et al. Morphology-selective synthesis of active and durable gold catalysts with high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Nano Research, 2016, 9(10): 3099-3115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1193-8
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

A series of novel catalysts consisting of nanosized Au particles confined in micro-mesoporous ZSM-5/SBA-15 (ZSBA) materials with platelet (PL), rod (RD), and hexagonal-prism (HP) morphologies have been synthesized in situ. These catalysts possess both SBA-15 and ZSM-5 structures and exhibit excellent stability of their active sites by confinement of the Au nanoparticles (NPs) within ZSBA. The catalysts have been characterized in depth to understand their structure–property relationships. The gold NP dimensions and the pore structure of the catalysts, which were found to be sensitive to calcination temperature and synthetic conditions, are shown to play vital roles in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Au/ZSBA-PL, with short mesochannels (210 nm) and a large pore diameter (6.7 nm), exhibits high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, whereas Au/ZSBA-HP and Au/ZSBA-RD, with long mesochannels and relatively smaller pore sizes, show poor catalytic activities. In the case of catalysts with different gold NP sizes, Au/ZSBA-PL-350 with an Au NP diameter of 4.0 nm exhibits the highest reaction rate constant (0.14 min-1) and turnover frequency (0.0341 s-1). In addition, the effect of the reaction parameters on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol has been systematically investigated. A possible mechanism for 4-nitrophenol reduction over the Au/ZSBA catalysts is proposed.


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About this article

Morphology-selective synthesis of active and durable gold catalysts with high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Show Author's information Daowei Gao1, Xin Zhang1( ), Xiaoping Dai1, Yuchen Qin1, Aijun Duan1( ), Yanbing Yu1, Hongying Zhuo1, Hairui Zhao1, Pengfang Zhang1, Yan Jiang1, Jianmei Li2, Zhen Zhao2
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China
College of ScienceChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Abstract

A series of novel catalysts consisting of nanosized Au particles confined in micro-mesoporous ZSM-5/SBA-15 (ZSBA) materials with platelet (PL), rod (RD), and hexagonal-prism (HP) morphologies have been synthesized in situ. These catalysts possess both SBA-15 and ZSM-5 structures and exhibit excellent stability of their active sites by confinement of the Au nanoparticles (NPs) within ZSBA. The catalysts have been characterized in depth to understand their structure–property relationships. The gold NP dimensions and the pore structure of the catalysts, which were found to be sensitive to calcination temperature and synthetic conditions, are shown to play vital roles in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Au/ZSBA-PL, with short mesochannels (210 nm) and a large pore diameter (6.7 nm), exhibits high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, whereas Au/ZSBA-HP and Au/ZSBA-RD, with long mesochannels and relatively smaller pore sizes, show poor catalytic activities. In the case of catalysts with different gold NP sizes, Au/ZSBA-PL-350 with an Au NP diameter of 4.0 nm exhibits the highest reaction rate constant (0.14 min-1) and turnover frequency (0.0341 s-1). In addition, the effect of the reaction parameters on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol has been systematically investigated. A possible mechanism for 4-nitrophenol reduction over the Au/ZSBA catalysts is proposed.

Keywords: 4-nitrophenol, gold catalysis, porous material, environmental pollution

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 13 May 2016
Revised: 26 June 2016
Accepted: 29 June 2016
Published: 25 August 2016
Issue date: October 2016

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21573286, 21576288, and 21276277), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Nos. 2011BAK15B05 and 2015AA034603), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20130007110003), Science Foundation of China Univer¬sity of Petroleum, Beijing (No. 2462015YQ0304).

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