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Research Article

Hollow TiO2–X porous microspheres composed of well-crystalline nanocrystals for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Chun Wang1,§, Faxing Wang1,§, Yujuan Zhao1, Yuhui Li1, Qin Yue1, Yupu Liu1, Yong Liu1, Ahmed A. Elzatahry2, Abdullah Al-Enizi3, Yuping Wu1, Yonghui Deng1( ), Dongyuan Zhao1( )
Department of ChemistryLaboratory of Advanced MaterialsShanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsiChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
Materials Science and Technology ProgramCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar UniversityP.O. Box2713DohaQatar
Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

§ These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Hollow TiO2–X porous microspheres consisted of numerous well-crystalline nanocrystals with superior structural integrity and robust hollow interior were synthesized by a facile sol-gel template-assisted approach and two-step carbonprotected calcination method, together with hydrogenation treatment. They exhibit a uniform diameter of ~470 nm with a thin porous wall shell of ~50 nm in thickness. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and pore volume are ~19 m2/g and 0.07 cm3/g, respectively. These hollow TiO2–X porous microspheres demonstrated excellent lithium storage performance with stable capacity retention for over 300 cycles (a high capacity of 151 mAh/g can be obtained up to 300 cycles at 1 C, retaining 81.6% of the initial capacity of 185 mAh/g) and enhanced rate capability even up to 10 C (222, 192, 121, and 92.1 mAh/g at current rates of 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 C, respectively). The intrinsic increased conductivity of the hydrogenated TiO2 microspheres and their robust hollow structure beneficial for lithium ion-electron diffusion and mitigating the structural strain synergistically contribute to the remarkable improvements in their cycling stability and rate performance.

Keywords

titaniahydrogenationporous wallhollow microsphereslithium-ion battery

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Nano Research
Volume 9 Issue 1,
January 2016
Pages 165-173
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-015-0976-7
Cite this article:
Wang C, Wang F, Zhao Y, et al. Hollow TiO2–X porous microspheres composed of well-crystalline nanocrystals for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2016, 9(1): 165-173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-015-0976-7
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Received: 04 November 2015
Revised: 08 December 2015
Accepted: 11 December 2015
Published: 13 January 2016
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
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