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Nano Research 2015, 8(8): 2445-2466 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-015-0767-1
Review Article | Issue | Published: 29 August 2015

Understanding the forces acting in self-assembly and the implications for constructing three-dimensional (3D) supercrystals

Show Author's Information Chenyu Wang1,  Carrie Siu2,  Jun Zhang3,  Jiye Fang1,2( )
Department of ChemistryState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
Materials Science and Engineering ProgramState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingCollege of Chemical EngineeringChina University of PetroleumQingdao266580China
Keywords:
superlattices, self-assembly, three-dimensional, interparticle forces, supercrystals
Cite this article:
Wang C, Siu C, Zhang J, et al. Understanding the forces acting in self-assembly and the implications for constructing three-dimensional (3D) supercrystals. Nano Research, 2015, 8(8): 2445-2466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-015-0767-1
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Abstract Full text About this article

The assembly of nanocrystals into ordered structures called supercrystals or superstructures has become a pivotal frontier owing to numerous useful applications such as correlating the arrangements of atoms in macroscopic crystals and tuning the collective properties to meet the demands of various applications. In this article, recent progress in the preparation of three-dimensional superlattices of nanocrystals is outlined, with a particular emphasis on the driving forces and evolutionary routes beyond orderly assembly. First, the leading or repulsive forces that internally and externally govern the formation of three-dimensional supercrystals are systematically identified and discussed with respect to their origins and functions in three-dimensional self-organization. Then a synoptic introduction of commonly applied means of nanocrystal self-assembly based on growth scenarios such as droplet evaporation and a liquid/liquid interface is presented with specific cases and detailed analyses. Finally, the existing challenges and prospects for this field are briefly highlighted.


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About this article

Understanding the forces acting in self-assembly and the implications for constructing three-dimensional (3D) supercrystals

Show Author's information Chenyu Wang1, Carrie Siu2, Jun Zhang3, Jiye Fang1,2( )
Department of ChemistryState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
Materials Science and Engineering ProgramState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingCollege of Chemical EngineeringChina University of PetroleumQingdao266580China

Abstract

The assembly of nanocrystals into ordered structures called supercrystals or superstructures has become a pivotal frontier owing to numerous useful applications such as correlating the arrangements of atoms in macroscopic crystals and tuning the collective properties to meet the demands of various applications. In this article, recent progress in the preparation of three-dimensional superlattices of nanocrystals is outlined, with a particular emphasis on the driving forces and evolutionary routes beyond orderly assembly. First, the leading or repulsive forces that internally and externally govern the formation of three-dimensional supercrystals are systematically identified and discussed with respect to their origins and functions in three-dimensional self-organization. Then a synoptic introduction of commonly applied means of nanocrystal self-assembly based on growth scenarios such as droplet evaporation and a liquid/liquid interface is presented with specific cases and detailed analyses. Finally, the existing challenges and prospects for this field are briefly highlighted.

Keywords: superlattices, self-assembly, three-dimensional, interparticle forces, supercrystals

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 01 January 2015
Revised: 12 March 2015
Accepted: 15 March 2015
Published: 29 August 2015
Issue date: August 2015

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported DOE STTR program and CEI grant 68195. C. W. thanks "Dissertation Fellowship Award" supported by the State University of New York at Binghamton; C. S. is partially supported by the Provost's Summer Doctoral Fellowship; and J. Z. acknowledges grants (the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21471160 and 14CX05037A)) and TaiShan Scholar Foundation.

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