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Research Article

Remarkably improved hydrogen storage properties of nanocrystalline TiO2-modified NaAlH4 and evolution of Ti-containing species during dehydrogenation/hydrogenation

Xin Zhang, Yongfeng Liu( ), Ke Wang, Mingxia Gao, Hongge Pan
State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsKey Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
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Abstract

Adding a small amount of nanocrystalline TiO2@C (TiO2 supported on nanoporous carbon) composite dramatically decreases the operating temperatures and improves the reaction kinetics for hydrogen storage in NaAlH4. The nanocrystalline TiO2@C composite synthesized at 900 ℃ (referred as TiO2@C-900) exhibits superior catalytic activity to other catalyst-containing samples. The onset dehydrogenation temperature of the TiO2@C-900-containing sample is lowered to 90 ℃; this is 65 ℃ lower than that of the pristine sample. The dehydrogenated sample is completely hydrogenated at 115 ℃ and 100 bar of hydrogen pressure with a hydrogen capacity of 4.5 wt.%. Structural analyses reveal that the Ti undergoes a reduction process of Ti4+→Ti3+→Ti2+→Ti during the ball milling and heating processes, and further converts to Ti hydrides or forms Ti-Al species after rehydrogenation. The catalytic activities of Ti-based catalytic species decrease in the order Al-Ti-species > TiH0.71 > TiH2 > TiO2. This understanding guides further improvement in hydrogen storage properties of metal alanates using nanocrystalline transition metal-based additives.

Keywords

hydrogen storagecomplex hydridescatalyst additionnanocrystalline TiO2@C

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Nano Research
Volume 8 Issue 2,
February 2015
Pages 533-545
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-014-0667-9
Cite this article:
Zhang X, Liu Y, Wang K, et al. Remarkably improved hydrogen storage properties of nanocrystalline TiO2-modified NaAlH4 and evolution of Ti-containing species during dehydrogenation/hydrogenation. Nano Research, 2015, 8(2): 533-545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0667-9

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Received: 14 September 2014
Revised: 18 November 2014
Accepted: 30 November 2014
Published: 21 January 2015
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer‐Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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