Journal Home > Volume 7 , Issue 12
Nano Research 2014, 7(12): 1797-1808 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0539-3
Research Article | Issue | Published: 04 September 2014

Hierarchical TiO2-B nanowire@α-Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays as superior electrodes for lithium-ion microbatteries

Show Author's Information Hui Xia1,2( ),  Wen Xiong1,2,  Chiew Keat Lim3,  Qiaofeng Yao4,  Yadong Wang3( ),  Jianping Xie4( )
School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China
Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing 210094 China
School of Engineering Nanyang Polytechnic180 Ang Mo Kio Ave 8 Singapore 569830
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringFaculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585
Keywords:
hierarchical, hybrid, nanowire arrays, TiO2-B, Fe2O3 , microbatteries
Cite this article:
Xia H, Xiong W, Lim CK, et al. Hierarchical TiO2-B nanowire@α-Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays as superior electrodes for lithium-ion microbatteries. Nano Research, 2014, 7(12): 1797-1808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0539-3
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

563

Views

13

Downloads

Citations

95

Crossref

N/A

WoS

99

Scopus

9

CSCD

Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

This paper reports a simple yet efficient method for the synthesis of hierarchical TiO2-B nanowire@α-Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays based on a stepwise hydrothermal approach. The as-fabricated hybrid arrays show impressive performance as a high-capacity anode for lithium-ion batteries. The key design in this study is a core-branch hybrid architecture, which not only provides large surface active sites for lithium ion insertion/extraction, but also enables fast charge transport owing to the reduced diffusion paths for both electrons and lithium ions. The peculiar combination of attributes of TiO2 (good structural stability) and Fe2O3 (large specific capacity) provides the hybrid array electrodes with several desirable electrochemical features: large reversible capacity (~800 mA·h·g–1 for specific mass capacity and ~750 μA·h·cm–2 for specific areal capacity), good cycling stability, and high rate capability. The impressive electrochemical performance, together with the facile synthesis procedure, may provide an efficient platform to integrate the TiO2 nanowire@Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays as a three-dimensional thin film electrode for lithium-ion microbatteries.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Hierarchical TiO2-B nanowire@α-Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays as superior electrodes for lithium-ion microbatteries

Show Author's information Hui Xia1,2( ), Wen Xiong1,2, Chiew Keat Lim3, Qiaofeng Yao4, Yadong Wang3( ), Jianping Xie4( )
School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China
Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing 210094 China
School of Engineering Nanyang Polytechnic180 Ang Mo Kio Ave 8 Singapore 569830
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringFaculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117585

Abstract

This paper reports a simple yet efficient method for the synthesis of hierarchical TiO2-B nanowire@α-Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays based on a stepwise hydrothermal approach. The as-fabricated hybrid arrays show impressive performance as a high-capacity anode for lithium-ion batteries. The key design in this study is a core-branch hybrid architecture, which not only provides large surface active sites for lithium ion insertion/extraction, but also enables fast charge transport owing to the reduced diffusion paths for both electrons and lithium ions. The peculiar combination of attributes of TiO2 (good structural stability) and Fe2O3 (large specific capacity) provides the hybrid array electrodes with several desirable electrochemical features: large reversible capacity (~800 mA·h·g–1 for specific mass capacity and ~750 μA·h·cm–2 for specific areal capacity), good cycling stability, and high rate capability. The impressive electrochemical performance, together with the facile synthesis procedure, may provide an efficient platform to integrate the TiO2 nanowire@Fe2O3 nanothorn core-branch arrays as a three-dimensional thin film electrode for lithium-ion microbatteries.

Keywords: hierarchical, hybrid, nanowire arrays, TiO2-B, Fe2O3 , microbatteries

References(56)

1

Dunn, B.; Long, J. W.; Rolison, D. R. Rethinking multifunction in three dimensions for miniaturizing electrical energy storage. Electrochem. Soc. Inter. 2008, 17, 49–53.
DOI Google Scholar
2

Zhou, Y. N.; Xue, M. Z.; Fu, Z. W. Nanostructured thin film electrodes for lithium storage and all-solid-state thin-film lithium batteries. J. Power Sources 2013, 234, 310–332.
DOI Google Scholar
3

Kitaura, H.; Hayashi, A.; Ohtomo, T.; Hama, S.; Tatsumisago, M. Fabrication of electrode-electrolyte interfaces in all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries by using a supercooled liquid state of the glassy electrolytes. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 118–124.
DOI Google Scholar
4

Zhu, J.; Feng, J.; Lu, L.; Zeng, K. In situ study of topography, phase and volume changes of titanium dioxide anode in all-solid-state thin film lithium-ion battery by biased scanning probe microscopy. J. Power Sources 2012, 197, 224–230.
DOI Google Scholar
5

Liu, H.; Wang, Y.; Wang, K.; Hosono, E.; Zhou, H. Design and synthesis of a novel nanothorn VO2(B) hollow microsphere and their application in lithium-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 2835–2840.
DOI Google Scholar
6

Pan, J. H.; Han, G.; Zhou, R.; Zhao, X. S. Hierarchical n-doped TiO2 hollow microspheres consisting of nanothorns with exposed anatase {101} facets. Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 6942–6944.
DOI Google Scholar
7

Xu, W.; Wang, Z.; Guo, Z.; Liu, Y.; Zhou, N.; Niu, B.; Shi, Z.; Zhang, H. Nanoporous anatase TiO2/single-wall carbon nanohorns composite as superior anode for lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources 2013, 232, 193–198.
DOI Google Scholar
8

Zhao, Y.; Li, J.; Ding, Y.; Guan, L. Single-walled carbon nanohorns coated with Fe2O3 as a superior anode material for lithium ion batteries. Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 7416–7418.
DOI Google Scholar
9

Oudenhoven, J. F. M.; Baggetto, L.; Notten, P. H. L. All-solid-state lithium-ion microbatteries: A review of various three-dimensional concepts. Adv. Energy Mater. 2011, 1, 10–33.
DOI Google Scholar
10

Notten, P. H. L.; Roozeboom, F.; Niessen, R. A. H.; Baggetto, L. 3-D integrated all-solid-state rechargeable batteries. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 4564–4567.
DOI Google Scholar
11

Etacheri, V.; Marom, R.; Elazari, R.; Salitra, G.; Aurbach, D. Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: A review. Energy Environ Sci. 2011, 4, 3243–3262.
DOI Google Scholar
12

Lin, Y. M.; Nagarale, R. K.; Klavetter, K. C.; Heller, A.; Mullins, C. B. SnO2 and TiO2 supported SnO2 lithium battery anodes with improved electrochemical performance. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 11134–11139.
DOI Google Scholar
13

Ortiz, G. F.; Hanzu, I.; Lavela, P.; Tirado, J. L.; Knauth, P.; Djenizian, T. A novel architectured negative electrode based on titania nanotube and iron oxide nanowire composites for li-ion microbatteries. J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 4041–4046.
DOI Google Scholar
14

Ji, L.; Lin, Z.; Alcoutlabi, M.; Zhang, X. Recent developments in nanostructured anode materials for rechargeable lithiumion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 2682–2699.
DOI Google Scholar
15

Cheng, F.; Liang, J.; Tao, Z.; Chen, J. Functional materials for rechargeable batteries. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 1695–1715.
DOI Google Scholar
16

Luo, W.; Hu, X.; Sun, Y.; Huang, Y. Surface modification of electrospun TiO2 nanofibers via layer-by-layer self-assembly for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 4910–4915.
DOI Google Scholar
17

Ni, J.; Yang, L.; Wang, H.; Gao, L. A high-performance hybrid supercapacitor with Li4Ti5O12-C nanocomposite prepared by in situ and ex situ carbon modification. J. Solid State Electrchem. 2012, 16, 2791–2796.
DOI Google Scholar
18

Tang, Y.; Tan, X.; Hou, G.; Cao, H.; Zheng, G. Synthesis of dense nanocavities inside TiO2 nanowire array and its electrochemical properties as a three-dimensional anode material for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 78, 154–159.
DOI Google Scholar
19

Guo, J.; Liu, J. Topotactic conversion-derived Li4Ti5O12-rutile TiO2 hybrid nanowire array for high-performance lithium ion full cells. RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 12950–12957.
DOI Google Scholar
20

Lv, M.; Zheng, D.; Ye, M.; Xiao, J.; Guo, W.; Lai, Y.; Sun, L.; Lin, C.; Zuo, J. Optimized porous rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays for enhancing the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 1615–1622.
DOI Google Scholar
21

Wei, W.; Oltean, G.; Tai, C.-W.; Edström, K.; Björefors, F.; Nyholm, L. High energy and power density TiO2 nanotube electrodes for 3D lithium ion microbatteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 8160–8169.
DOI Google Scholar
22

Wang, H.; Ma, D.; Huang, X.; Huang, Y.; Zhang, X. General and controllable synthesis strategy of metal oxide/TiO2 hierarchical heterostructures with improved lithium-ion battery performance. Sci. Rep. 2012, 2, 701.
DOI Google Scholar
23

Wang, Z.; Lou, X. W. TiO2 nanocages: Fast synthesis, interior functionalization and improved lithium storage properties. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 4124–4129.
DOI Google Scholar
24

Zhang, X.; Chen, H.; Xie, Y.; Guo, J. Ultralong life lithiumion battery anode with superior high-rate capability and excellent cyclic stability from mesoporous Fe2O3@ TiO2 core-shell nanorods. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 3912–3918.
DOI Google Scholar
25

Zhu, G. N.; Wang, Y. G.; Xia, Y. Y. Ti-based compounds as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 6652–6667.
DOI Google Scholar
26

Yang, M. C.; Lee, Y. Y.; Xu, B.; Powers, K.; Meng, Y. S. TiO2 flakes as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources 2012, 207, 166–172.
DOI Google Scholar
27

Gu, X.; Chen, L.; Liu, S.; Xu, H.; Yang, J.; Qian, Y. Hierarchical core-shell α-Fe2O3@C nanotubes as a high-rate and long-life anode for advanced lithium ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 3439–3444.
DOI Google Scholar
28

Lou, X. W.; Archer, L. A.; Yang, Z. Hollow micro-/nanostructures: Synthesis and applications. Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 3987–4019.
DOI Google Scholar
29

Xu, L. Q. D. J.; Li, P.; Qian, Y. T. In situ synthesis, magnetic property, and formation mechanism of Fe3O4 particles encapsulated in 1D bamboo-shaped carbon microtubes. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 3871–3875.
DOI Google Scholar
30

Wang, Z.; Luan, D.; Madhavi, S.; Hu, Y.; Lou, X. W. Assembling carbon-coated α-Fe2O3 hollow nanohorns on the CNT backbone for superior lithium storage capability. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5252–5256.
DOI Google Scholar
31

Liu, N.; Shen, J.; Liu, D. A Fe2O3 nanoparticle/carbon aerogel composite for use as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. Electrochim. Acta 2013, 97, 271–277.
DOI Google Scholar
32

Luo, Y.; Luo, J.; Jiang, J.; Zhou, W.; Yang, H.; Qi, X.; Zhang, H.; Fan, H. J.; Yu, D. Y. W.; Li, C. M.; et al. Seed-assisted synthesis of highly ordered TiO2@α-Fe2O3 core/shell arrays on carbon textiles for lithium-ion battery applications. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 6559–6566.
DOI Google Scholar
33

Yu, L.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, L.; Wu, H. B.; Lou, X. W. TiO2 nanotube arrays grafted with Fe2O3 hollow nanorods as integrated electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 122–127.
DOI Google Scholar
34

Luo, J.; Xia, X.; Luo, Y.; Guan, C.; Liu, J.; Qi, X.; Ng, C. F.; Yu, T.; Zhang, H.; Fan, H. J. Rationally designed hierarchical TiO2@Fe2O3 hollow nanostructures for improved lithium ion storage. Adv. Energy Mater. 2013, 3, 737–743.
DOI Google Scholar
35

Dylla, A. G. H.; Henkelman, G.; Stevenson, K. J. Lithium insertion in nanostructured TiO2 (B) architectures. Acc. Chem. Res. 2013, 46, 1104–1112.
DOI Google Scholar
36

Liu, S.; Wang, Z.; Yu, C.; Wu, H. B.; Wang, G.; Dong, Q.; Qiu, J.; Eychmuller, A.; David Lou, X. W. A flexible TiO2 (B)-based battery electrode with superior power rate and ultralong cycle life. Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 3462–3467.
DOI Google Scholar
37

Ren, Y.; Liu, Z.; Pourpoint, F.; Armstrong, A. R.; Grey, C. P.; Bruce, P. G. Nanoparticulate TiO2(B): An anode for lithium-ion batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 2164–2167.
DOI Google Scholar
38

Saito, M.; Nakano, Y.; Takagi, M.; Honda, N.; Tasaka, A.; Inaba, M. Improvement of tap density of TiO2(B) powder as high potential negative electrode for lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources 2013, 244, 50–55.
DOI Google Scholar
39

Zhuang, W.; Lu, L.; Wu, X.; Jin, W.; Meng, M.; Zhu, Y.; Lu, X. TiO2-B nanofibers with high thermal stability as improved anodes for lithium ion batteries. Electrochem. Commun. 2013, 27, 124–127.
DOI Google Scholar
40

Li, J.; Wan, W.; Zhou, H.; Li, J.; Xu, D. Hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2(B) nanowires with ultrahigh surface area and their fast charging and discharging properties in Li-ion batteries. Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3439–3441.
DOI Google Scholar
41

Aravindan, V.; Shubha, N.; Cheah, Y. L.; Prasanth, R.; Chuiling, W.; Prabhakar, R. R.; Madhavi, S. Extraordinary long-term cycleability of TiO2-B nanorods as anodes in full-cell assembly with electrospun membranes. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 308–316.
DOI Google Scholar
42

Wang, C.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Jia, Y.; Yang, J.; Sun, P.; Liu, Y. Hydrothermal growth of layered titanate nanosheet arrays on titanium foil and their topotactic transformation to heterostructured TiO2 photocatalysts. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 22276–22285.
DOI Google Scholar
43

Xiong, W.; Wang, Y. D.; Xia, H. TiO2 nanowire arrays with mixed phases directly grown on Ti foil and their electrochemical properties as anode material for lithium ion batteries. Mater. Technol. 2013, 28, 260–264.
DOI Google Scholar
44

Liao, J. Y.; Xiao, X.; Higgins, D.; Lui, G.; Chen, Z. Self-supported single crystalline H2Ti8O17 nanoarrays as integrated three-dimensional anodes for lithium-ion microbatteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 568–574.
DOI Google Scholar
45

Tang, L.; Wang, Y.; Li, Y.; Feng, H.; Lu, J.; Li, J. Preparation, structure, and electrochemical properties of reduced graphene sheet films. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 2782–2789.
DOI Google Scholar
46

Yamashita, T.; Hayes, P. Analysis of XPS spectra of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in oxide materials. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2008, 254, 2441–2449.
DOI Google Scholar
47

Pradhan, G. K.; Parida, K. M. Fabrication, growth mechanism, and characterization of α-Fe2O3 nanorods. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2011, 3, 317–323.
DOI Google Scholar
48

Lin, F.; Song, H.; Tian, S.; Chen, X.; Zhou, J.; Wang, F. Fe1.5Ti0.5O3 nanoparticles as an anode material for lithiumion batteries. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 83, 305–310.
DOI Google Scholar
49

Grosvenor, A. P.; Kobe, B. A.; Biesinger, M. C.; McIntyre, N. S. Investigation of multiplet splitting of Fe 2p XPS spectra and bonding in iron compounds. Surf. Interface Anal. 2004, 36, 1564–1574.
DOI Google Scholar
50

Armstrong, A. R.; Armstrong, G.; Canales, J.; García, R.; Bruce, P. G. Lithium-ion intercalation into TiO2-B nanowires. Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 862–865.
DOI Google Scholar
51

Reddy, M. V.; Yu, T.; Sow, C. H.; Shen, Z. X.; Lim, C. T.; Subba Rao, G. V.; Chowdari, B. V. R. α-Fe2O3 nanoflakes as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 2792–2799.
DOI Google Scholar
52

Li, R.; Xie, Z.; Lu, H.; Zhang, D. W.; Yu, A. Fabrication of ZnO@TiO2 core-shell nanotube arrays as three-dimensional anode material for lithium ion batteries. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2013, 8, 11118–11124.
Google Scholar
53

Guan, D.; Li, J.; Gao, X.; Yuan, C. Controllable synthesis of MoO3-deposited TiO2 nanotubes with enhanced lithiumion intercalation performance. J. Power Sources 2014, 246, 305–312.
DOI Google Scholar
54

Luo, Y.; Luo, J.; Zhou, W.; Qi, X.; Zhang, H.; Yu, D. Y. W.; Li, C. M.; Fan, H. J.; Yu, T. Controlled synthesis of hierarchical graphene-wrapped TiO2@Co3O4 coaxial nanobelt arrays for high-performance lithium storage. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 273–281.
DOI Google Scholar
55

Liao, J. Y.; Higgins, D.; Lui, G.; Chabot, V.; Xiao, X.; Chen, Z. Multifunctional TiO2-C/MnO2 core-double-shell nanowire arrays as high-performance 3D electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 5467–5473.
DOI Google Scholar
56

Xu, X.; Fan, Z.; Ding, S.; Yu, D.; Du, Y. Fabrication of MoS2 nanosheet@TiO2 nanotube hybrid nanostructures for lithium storage. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 5245–5250.
DOI Google Scholar
File
12274_2014_539_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (2.1 MB)
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 24 March 2014
Revised: 24 June 2014
Accepted: 07 July 2014
Published: 04 September 2014
Issue date: December 2014

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51102134), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20131349), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2013M530258), and the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds (No. 1202001B).

Return