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Nano Research 2014, 7(10): 1404-1428 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0509-9
Review Article | Issue | Published: 03 September 2014

Nanomodification of living organisms by biomimetic mineralization

Show Author's Information Wei Chen1,  Guangchuan Wang2,  Ruikang Tang1,2( )
Center for Biomaterials and BiopathwaysDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027China
Qiushi Academy for Advanced StudiesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027China
Keywords:
nanomaterial, biomineralization, living organism, bioinspiration, material-based bio-modification
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Chen W, Wang G, Tang R. Nanomodification of living organisms by biomimetic mineralization. Nano Research, 2014, 7(10): 1404-1428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0509-9
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Abstract Full text About this article

In nature, a few living organisms such as diatoms, magnetotactic bacteria, and eggs have developed specific mineral structures, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, most organisms do not have such structured materials due to their lack of biomineralization ability. The artificial introduction of biomimetic-constructed nanominerals is challenging but holds great promise. In this overview, we highlight two typical types of mineral-living complex systems. One involves biological surface-induced nanomaterials, which produces artificial living-mineral core-shell structures such as the mineralencapsulated yeast, cyanobacteria, bacteria and viruses. The other involves internal nanominerals that could endow organisms with unique structures and properties. The applications of these biomimetic generated nanominerals are further discussed, mainly in four potential areas: storage, protection, "stealth" and delivery. Since biomineralization combines chemical, nano and biological technologies, we suggest that nanobiomimetic mineralization may open up another window for interdisciplinary research. Specifically, this is a novel material-based biological regulation strategy and the integration of living organisms with functional nanomaterials can create "super" or intelligent nanoscale living complexes for biotechnological practices.


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About this article

Nanomodification of living organisms by biomimetic mineralization

Show Author's information Wei Chen1, Guangchuan Wang2, Ruikang Tang1,2( )
Center for Biomaterials and BiopathwaysDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027China
Qiushi Academy for Advanced StudiesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027China

Abstract

In nature, a few living organisms such as diatoms, magnetotactic bacteria, and eggs have developed specific mineral structures, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, most organisms do not have such structured materials due to their lack of biomineralization ability. The artificial introduction of biomimetic-constructed nanominerals is challenging but holds great promise. In this overview, we highlight two typical types of mineral-living complex systems. One involves biological surface-induced nanomaterials, which produces artificial living-mineral core-shell structures such as the mineralencapsulated yeast, cyanobacteria, bacteria and viruses. The other involves internal nanominerals that could endow organisms with unique structures and properties. The applications of these biomimetic generated nanominerals are further discussed, mainly in four potential areas: storage, protection, "stealth" and delivery. Since biomineralization combines chemical, nano and biological technologies, we suggest that nanobiomimetic mineralization may open up another window for interdisciplinary research. Specifically, this is a novel material-based biological regulation strategy and the integration of living organisms with functional nanomaterials can create "super" or intelligent nanoscale living complexes for biotechnological practices.

Keywords: nanomaterial, biomineralization, living organism, bioinspiration, material-based bio-modification

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 26 March 2014
Revised: 16 May 2014
Accepted: 04 June 2014
Published: 03 September 2014
Issue date: October 2014

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer‐Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors greatly thank Xiaoyu Wang, Ben Wang and Wei Xiong for providing editable graphic materials. This study was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China and the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91127003).

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