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Nano Research 2014, 7(2): 199-208 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-013-0387-6
Research Article | Issue | Published: 12 December 2013

Porous CuO nanowires as the anode of rechargeable Na-ion batteries

Show Author's Information Lijiang Wang§,  Kai Zhang§,  Zhe Hu,  Wenchao Duan,  Fangyi Cheng,  Jun Chen( )
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Chemistry College, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 China

§ These two authors contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
porous CuO nanowires, anode material, electrochemical conversion reactions, Na-ion batteries
Cite this article:
Wang L, Zhang K, Hu Z, et al. Porous CuO nanowires as the anode of rechargeable Na-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2014, 7(2): 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-013-0387-6
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

We report the preparation of porous CuO nanowires that are composed of nanoparticles (~50 nm) via a simple decomposition of a Cu(OH)2 precursor and their application as the anode materials of rechargeable Na-ion batteries. The as-prepared porous CuO nanowires exhibit a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 13.05 m2·g−1, which is six times larger than that of bulk CuO (2.16 m2·g–1). The anode of porous CuO nanowires showed discharge capacities of 640 mA·h·g–1 in the first cycle and 303 mA·h·g–1 after 50 cycles at 50 mA·g–1. The high capacity is attributed to porous nanostructure which facilitates fast Na-intercalation kinetics. The mechanism of electrochemical Na-storage based on conversion reactions has been studied through cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It is demonstrated that in the discharge process, Na+ ions first insert into CuO to form a Cu1−xⅡCuxⅠO1−x/2 solid and a Na2O matrix then Cu1−xⅡCuxⅠO1−x/2 reacts with Na+ to produce Cu2O, and finally Cu2O decompose into Cu nanoparticles enclosed in a Na2O matrix. During the charge process, Cu nanoparticles are first oxidized to generate Cu2O and then converted back to CuO. This result contributes to the design and mechanistic analysis of high-performance anodes for rechargeable Na-ion batteries.


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About this article

Porous CuO nanowires as the anode of rechargeable Na-ion batteries

Show Author's information Lijiang Wang§, Kai Zhang§, Zhe Hu, Wenchao Duan, Fangyi Cheng, Jun Chen( )
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Chemistry College, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 China

§ These two authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

We report the preparation of porous CuO nanowires that are composed of nanoparticles (~50 nm) via a simple decomposition of a Cu(OH)2 precursor and their application as the anode materials of rechargeable Na-ion batteries. The as-prepared porous CuO nanowires exhibit a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 13.05 m2·g−1, which is six times larger than that of bulk CuO (2.16 m2·g–1). The anode of porous CuO nanowires showed discharge capacities of 640 mA·h·g–1 in the first cycle and 303 mA·h·g–1 after 50 cycles at 50 mA·g–1. The high capacity is attributed to porous nanostructure which facilitates fast Na-intercalation kinetics. The mechanism of electrochemical Na-storage based on conversion reactions has been studied through cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It is demonstrated that in the discharge process, Na+ ions first insert into CuO to form a Cu1−xⅡCuxⅠO1−x/2 solid and a Na2O matrix then Cu1−xⅡCuxⅠO1−x/2 reacts with Na+ to produce Cu2O, and finally Cu2O decompose into Cu nanoparticles enclosed in a Na2O matrix. During the charge process, Cu nanoparticles are first oxidized to generate Cu2O and then converted back to CuO. This result contributes to the design and mechanistic analysis of high-performance anodes for rechargeable Na-ion batteries.

Keywords: porous CuO nanowires, anode material, electrochemical conversion reactions, Na-ion batteries

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 30 October 2013
Accepted: 12 November 2013
Published: 12 December 2013
Issue date: February 2014

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2011CB935900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (51231003 and 21322101), the National "111" Project of China's Higher Education (B12015), and the Tianjin High-Tech Project (12ZCZDJC35300).

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