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Nano Research 2014, 7(1): 85-94 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-013-0374-y
Research Article | Issue | Published: 12 November 2013

Hierarchical 3D mesoporous silicon@graphene nanoarchitectures for lithium ion batteries with superior performance

Show Author's Information Shuangqiang Chen1,  Peite Bao2,  Xiaodan Huang1,  Bing Sun1,  Guoxiu Wang1( )
Centre for Clean Energy Technology School of Chemistry and Forensic Science University of TechnologySydney NSW 2007 Australia
School of Physics The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
Keywords:
chemical vapor deposition, lithium ion battery, graphene foam, silicon anode
Cite this article:
Chen S, Bao P, Huang X, et al. Hierarchical 3D mesoporous silicon@graphene nanoarchitectures for lithium ion batteries with superior performance. Nano Research, 2014, 7(1): 85-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-013-0374-y
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Silicon has been recognized as the most promising anode material for high capacity lithium ion batteries. However, large volume variations during charge and discharge result in pulverization of Si electrodes and fast capacity loss on cycling. This drawback of Si electrodes can be overcome by combination with well-organized graphene foam. In this work, hierarchical three-dimensional carbon-coated mesoporous Si nanospheres@graphene foam (C@Si@GF) nanoarchitectures were successfully synthesized by a thermal bubble ejection assisted chemical-vapor-deposition and magnesiothermic reduction method. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared nanocomposites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. When employed as anode materials in lithium ion batteries, C@Si@GF nanocomposites exhibited superior electrochemical performance including a high specific capacity of 1, 200 mAh/g at the current density of 1 A/g, excellent high rate capabilities and an outstanding cyclability. Post-mortem analyses identified that the morphology of 3D C@Si@GF electrodes after 200 cycles was well maintained. The synergistic effects arising from the combination of mesoporous Si nanospheres and graphene foam nanoarchitectures may address the intractable pulverization problem of Si electrode.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Hierarchical 3D mesoporous silicon@graphene nanoarchitectures for lithium ion batteries with superior performance

Show Author's information Shuangqiang Chen1, Peite Bao2, Xiaodan Huang1, Bing Sun1, Guoxiu Wang1( )
Centre for Clean Energy Technology School of Chemistry and Forensic Science University of TechnologySydney NSW 2007 Australia
School of Physics The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Abstract

Silicon has been recognized as the most promising anode material for high capacity lithium ion batteries. However, large volume variations during charge and discharge result in pulverization of Si electrodes and fast capacity loss on cycling. This drawback of Si electrodes can be overcome by combination with well-organized graphene foam. In this work, hierarchical three-dimensional carbon-coated mesoporous Si nanospheres@graphene foam (C@Si@GF) nanoarchitectures were successfully synthesized by a thermal bubble ejection assisted chemical-vapor-deposition and magnesiothermic reduction method. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared nanocomposites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. When employed as anode materials in lithium ion batteries, C@Si@GF nanocomposites exhibited superior electrochemical performance including a high specific capacity of 1, 200 mAh/g at the current density of 1 A/g, excellent high rate capabilities and an outstanding cyclability. Post-mortem analyses identified that the morphology of 3D C@Si@GF electrodes after 200 cycles was well maintained. The synergistic effects arising from the combination of mesoporous Si nanospheres and graphene foam nanoarchitectures may address the intractable pulverization problem of Si electrode.

Keywords: chemical vapor deposition, lithium ion battery, graphene foam, silicon anode

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 05 August 2013
Revised: 24 September 2013
Accepted: 30 September 2013
Published: 12 November 2013
Issue date: January 2014

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This project is financially supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through the ARC Discovery project (No. DP1093855), ARC Future Fellowship project (No. FT110100800) and partially supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC, No. 2011689009).

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