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Synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) nanoparticles are layer-structured particles with high single-particle magnetic moments. In order to covalently bind these nanoparticles to cells, they were coated with a silica shell followed by conjugation with streptavidin. The silica coating generates both SAF@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles and silica core-free nanoparticles. Using a simple magnetic separation, silica nanoparticles were removed and SAF@SiO2 nanoparticles were purified. After streptavidin conjugation, these particles were used to stain lung cancer cells, making them highly magnetically responsive. The stained cells can rotate in response to an external magnetic field and can be captured when a blood sample containing these cells flows through the sifter.
This work was supported by a Stanford Graduate Fellowship (M. Z.), the Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence (No. U54CA151459), Innovative Molecular Analysis Technologies (No. R33CA138330) of the National Cancer Institute, and a Developmental Cancer Research Award from the Stanford Cancer Center (No. PTA 1109905-511-PABBO). The authors thank Stanford Nano-fabrication Center and Stanford Nano-characterization Laboratory for use of their equipment.