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Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is a potential high efficiency cathode material for lithium ion batteries, but the low electronic conductivity and single diffusion channel for lithium ions require good particle size and shape control during the synthesis of this material. In this paper, six LiFePO4 nanocrystals with different size and shape have been successfully synthesized in ethylene glycol. The addition sequence Fe-PO4-Li helps to form LiFePO4 nanocrystals with mostly {010} faces exposed, and increasing the amount of LiOH leads to a decrease in particle size. The electrochemical performance of the six distinct LiFePO4 particles show that the most promising LiFePO4 nanocrystals either have predominant {010} face exposure or high specific area, with little iron(Ⅱ) oxidation.
This work was supported by the State Key Project of Fundamental Research for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (Nos. 2011CB932401 and 2011CBA00500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21221062 and 21131004). We are grateful for associate professor Jiaping Wang and experimental assistant Fei Zhao in Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanocenter for their generous help with the assembly of batteries.