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Nano Research 2010, 3(9): 632-642 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-010-0023-7
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 09 September 2010

Facile Synthesis of Porous Carbon Nitride Spheres with Hierarchical Three-Dimensional Mesostructures for CO2 Capture

Show Author's Information Qiang Li1,  Jianping Yang1,  Dan Feng1,  Zhangxiong Wu1,  Qingling Wu1,  Sung Soo Park2,  Chang-Sik Ha2,  Dongyuan Zhao1( )
Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsLaboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China
Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringPusan National UniversityGeumjeong-gu, Busan609-735Korea
Keywords:
carbon nitride, Mesoporous materials, CO2 capture, nanocasting, sphere, hard template
Cite this article:
Li Q, Yang J, Feng D, et al. Facile Synthesis of Porous Carbon Nitride Spheres with Hierarchical Three-Dimensional Mesostructures for CO2 Capture. Nano Research, 2010, 3(9): 632-642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-010-0023-7
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Porous carbon nitride (CN) spheres with partially crystalline frameworks have been successfully synthesized via a nanocasting approach by using spherical mesoporous cellular silica foams (MCFs) as a hard template, and ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride as precursors. The resulting spherical CN materials have uniform diameters of ca. 4 μm, hierarchical three-dimensional (3-D) mesostructures with small and large mesopores with pore diameters centered at ca. 4.0 and 43 nm, respectively, a relatively high BET surface area of ~550 m2/g, and a pore volume of 0.90 cm3/g. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and Raman spectra demonstrate that the porous CN material has a partly graphitized structure. In addition, elemental analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) show that the material has a high nitrogen content (17.8 wt%) with nitrogen-containing groups and abundant basic sites. The hierarchical porous CN spheres have excellent CO2 capture properties with a capacity of 2.90 mmol/g at 25 ℃ and 0.97 mmol/g at 75 ℃, superior to those of the pure carbon materials with analogous mesostructures. This can be mainly attributed to the abundant nitrogen-containing basic groups, hierarchical mesostructure, relatively high BET surface area and stable framework. Furthermore, the presence of a large number of micropores and small mesopores also enhance the CO2 capture performance, owing to the capillary condensation effect.


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About this article

Facile Synthesis of Porous Carbon Nitride Spheres with Hierarchical Three-Dimensional Mesostructures for CO2 Capture

Show Author's information Qiang Li1, Jianping Yang1, Dan Feng1, Zhangxiong Wu1, Qingling Wu1, Sung Soo Park2, Chang-Sik Ha2, Dongyuan Zhao1( )
Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsLaboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China
Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringPusan National UniversityGeumjeong-gu, Busan609-735Korea

Abstract

Porous carbon nitride (CN) spheres with partially crystalline frameworks have been successfully synthesized via a nanocasting approach by using spherical mesoporous cellular silica foams (MCFs) as a hard template, and ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride as precursors. The resulting spherical CN materials have uniform diameters of ca. 4 μm, hierarchical three-dimensional (3-D) mesostructures with small and large mesopores with pore diameters centered at ca. 4.0 and 43 nm, respectively, a relatively high BET surface area of ~550 m2/g, and a pore volume of 0.90 cm3/g. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and Raman spectra demonstrate that the porous CN material has a partly graphitized structure. In addition, elemental analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) show that the material has a high nitrogen content (17.8 wt%) with nitrogen-containing groups and abundant basic sites. The hierarchical porous CN spheres have excellent CO2 capture properties with a capacity of 2.90 mmol/g at 25 ℃ and 0.97 mmol/g at 75 ℃, superior to those of the pure carbon materials with analogous mesostructures. This can be mainly attributed to the abundant nitrogen-containing basic groups, hierarchical mesostructure, relatively high BET surface area and stable framework. Furthermore, the presence of a large number of micropores and small mesopores also enhance the CO2 capture performance, owing to the capillary condensation effect.

Keywords: carbon nitride, Mesoporous materials, CO2 capture, nanocasting, sphere, hard template

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Publication history

Received: 18 July 2010
Revised: 29 July 2010
Accepted: 29 July 2010
Published: 09 September 2010
Issue date: September 2010

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© The Author(s) 2010

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 2089012, 20721063, 20821140537, 20871030), State Key Basic Research Program of PRC (Nos. 2006CB932302 and 2009AA033701), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No. B108), and Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 08DZ2270500). C. S. Ha also thanks the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea for support through the Korea-China Joint Research Center Program on Mesoporous Thin Films (No. K20803001459-10B1200-00310) and the Acceleration Research Program (No. 2010-0000790).

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